Objective :To construct the small interfering RNA(siRNA) eukaryotic expression vectors of human ClC-2 gene. Methods: According to the program and principles of DEQOR about designing siRNA,two pairs ClC-2 mRNA-targeted hairpin siRNA were devised,and the two pairs complemantary oligonucleotide strands of DNA fragments that encoded the above siRNA were synthesized by chemosynthesis.After annealing of the complementary strands,the DNA fragments were connected to the polyclone sites of plasmid eukaryotic expression vector pSUPER.puro that was cut by restriction endonuclease BglⅡ and HindⅢ,followed by transformation,amplification and plasmid extraction in E.coli,and finally,the two recombinant plasmids were identified by agarose gel electrophoresis by means of cutting with EcoRⅠand HindⅢ and by DNA sequence analysis.The plasmids were transfected transiently into human glioma cell line BT-325 cells by Lipofectamine~(TM)2000.The mRNA expression of ClC-2 gene was detected by(RT-PCR.) Results: The connections between the DNA fragments encoding ClC-2-targeted siRNA and the pSUPER.puro plasmid were correct,as confirmed by agarose gel electrophoresis and DNA sequencing(analysis.) ClC-2 mRNA expression of the BT-325 cells transfected two recombinant vectors was(significantly) decreased.Conclusion: The two RNAi recombinant vectors of human ClC-2 gene were successfully constructed.They were named pSUPER.puro-siClC-21 and pSUPER.puro-siClC-22,respectively.This laid the groundwork for future research about ClC-2 gene affecting invasion and migration of human glioma cells.

Objective To explore the efficacy and safety of tenofovir (TDF)+ lamivudine (3TC)+ efavirenz (EFV)combina-tion therapy in the treatment of HBV/HIV coinfection and provide evidence for effective management of HBV/HIV coinfec-tion.Methods All the AIDS/HIV patients treated in our hospital from February 2011 to October 2011 were screened for eligi-bility in this analysis.Twenty eligible patients with HBV/HIV coinfection were treated with the TDF/3TC/EFV triplet regi-men.The efficacy and safety of the combination therapy were evaluated.Results Of the 15 patients who had completed study period of 48 weeks,all had conversion of HBV DNA to negative,2 had HBeAg seroconversion.The liver function tests were normal.HIV-RNA was below the limit of detection in 15 cases.CD4+ increased by 139.72±3.36/μL on average.The creati-nine and lactate levels were within normal limits.No adverse events were reported.Conclusions The TDF/3TC/EFV triplet regimen is safe and effective for treatment of HBV/HIV coinfection.It is appropriate to recommend this regimen as a standard therapy for HBV/HIV coinfection.

Objective:To identify the cytotoxicity of four dental casting alloys on human gingival fibroblasts.Methods: MIT assay method was used to evaluate the cytotoxicity of four alloys on human periodontal ligament fibroblasts(HPDLFs) isolated from healthy periodontal ligaments of subjects on the 2nd d,4th d and 7th d of culture.Flow Cytometry(FCM) was used to evaluate the cytotoxicity of four alloys to human gingival fibroblasts.Results: It was found that there was no apparent cytotoxicity of all the four alloys.Conclusion:MTT and FCM methods show the same results.These four alloys have good biocompatibilities.

The morphology and position of the AV node and AV bundle were observed in 13 human hearts with serial sections. 1.the AV node is a long sagittal flatt ened structure, its transverse section is triangular in shape with a right convex surface, sometimes the cross section is fusiform or half oval in shape. Its size is 3.5x3.3x1.1 mm in adult. In 5 cases the endocardium lying on the right surface of the AV node is elevated.2.The AV node is situated in the upper border of the atrioventricular septum (between the levels of the attachment lines of the mitral and tricuspid valves). The adult AV node is 1.8-5.8 mm anterior to the coronary sinus orifice, 0.3-0.7 mm from the endocardium of the right atrium, 3.3-7.5 mm above the upper border of the septal leaflet of the tricuspid valve. The left surface of the AV node contacts with the central fibrous body.3.The AV node can be divided in 2 parts: superficial and deep, the fibers of the super ficial part are longitudinal in sections and end in the lower border of the AV node. In one case, the deep part is subdivided in an upper part and a lower part. In the specimens in which the right atrial endocardium lying on the right surface of the AV node is elevated, the overlaying fibers end in the endocardium. At the upper border, right surface, and posterior margin of the AV node, there are atrial fibers ending to the AV node. 4. The adult AV bundle is 5.7-7.9 mm long, 1.1-1.5 mm in diameter. Its anterior part is on top of the muscular interventricular septum in 7 specimens, on its left surface in 3 specimens, and in the substance of the muscular interventricular septum in 2 specimens. In one case its course is very special, at first on the top of muscular interventricular septum, then at its left surface, finally in the substance of the right part of the muscular interventricular septum.

This thesis is the study of the morphology and arterial supply of the papillary musclcs of the left ventricle of 104 human hearts. The maim me-thod used is angiography and corrosion. The commonest number of the anteri-or and posterior papillary muscles is one. In 72 hearts there are musculartrabeculae by which the papillary muscle is attached to the wall of the leftventricle. The projection of the auterior papillary muscle of the left ven-tricle on the heart surface lies most frequently on the middle third regionof a supposed "#"-form region. There are three types of attachment of thepapillary muscle: the free, the attached and the intermidiate, among whichthe largest number is the first type. The arteries supplying the anteriorpapillary muscle are the branches of the anterior descending artery, theleft circumflex artery or these two. Each of the three types amounts to30% or so; the posterior papillary muscle is mostly supplied by the leftventricular posterior branches of the right circumflex artery 9.6 % ). The blood vessels in the papillary muscle belong to class B, each of the papillarymuscles containing 1--3 major vessels measured 0. 1--1 mm in diameter.The three vascular distribution types in the papillary muscle are of axis,segment and mixtnre, and the axial type is most commonly seen of all. Thevascular distribution type j? of certain relation to the attachment type ofthe papillary muscle. The axial distribution is frequently found in the freetype of the papillary muscle. The arteries distributes on either side of thepapillary muscle.

Objective: To explore the related factors of quality of life(QOL) among rural elderly population in Shandong Province and explore the relationship among these factors.Methods: In this cross-sectional study,a sample of 451 elderly peple(aged from 60 to 92,without hearing or mental problems) was selected by a stratified cluster random sampling method.The 36-item Short Form Health Survey(SF-36) was used to measure QOL,and the AMOS 5.0 was used to carry out path analysis.Results: The QOL average score of all subjects was(78.5?15.4);QOL scores of males was higher than that of females [(81.2?13.0) vs.(77.5?16.3),P=0.003].There was a significant decrease of the QOL score with increasing age [60-69 years,(82.2?13.3);70-79 years,(77.0?16.0);≥ 80 years,(71.4?16.4);P

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of recombinant human epidermal growth factor(rhEGF) combined with lipoic acid in the treatment of diabetic foot. METHODS:A total of 68 patients with diabetic foot were randomly divid-ed into observation group and control group with 34 cases in each group. Both groups were given conventional therapy and Lipolic acid injection 0.6 ml added into Sodium chloride injection 250 ml. ivgtt(protecting form light),qd;observation group was additionally giv-en rhEGF for external use 1 ml and vaseline on the wounds,gauze dressing,qd. Treatment course of 2 groups lasted for 7 d. Clinical efficacy,ulcer area,the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax were compared between 2 groups as well as the occurrence of ADR. RESULTS:The total effective rate of observation group(94.1%)was significantly higher than that of control group(67.6%),with statistical sig-nificance (P<0.05). Before treatment,there was no statistical significance in ulcer area,the levels of Bcl-2 and Bax between 2 groups(P>0.05). After treatment,ulcer area decreased significantly, the level of Bcl-2 increased significantly in 2 groups,while the level of Bax decreased significantly;the improvement of observation group was more significant than that of control group,with statis-tical significance(P<0.05). There was no statistical significance in the incidence of ADR between 2 groups(P>0.05). CONCLU-SIONS:rhEGF combined with lipoic acid is effective for diabetic foot with good safety.

OBJECTIVE:To train the students’ability about true-and-false identification of pini pollen,typhae pollen and Lygo-dium japonicum. METHODS:Teachers firstly used flexible and diversifided teaching methods to train the learning interest of stu-dents,and then picture antithesis,classroom presentation and other methods were used to teach the distinctive features between the true and false traditional Chinese medicine in the characters of identification. RESULTS&CONCLUSIONS:There were obvious dif-ference among the colors,physicochmical poperties,microscopic characteristics and other aspects of 3 traditional Chinese medi-cines. According to the teaching,the students could not only distinguish the 3 traditional Chinese medicines accurately, but also could identify the true-and-false of them. picture antithesis and classroom presentation method are simple and vivid, and can be used for the training of students’ability about true-and-false identification.

Serum high sensitivity C-reactive protein(hs-CRP)and glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c )were detected in 89 type 2 diabetes patients with chronic periodontitis.The patients were divided into HbA1c≥ 7.0% and <7.0% groups according HbA1c levels.Serum hs-CRP,probing depth(PD),attachment loss(AL)in HbA1c ≥ 7.0% group were all significantly higher than those in <7.0% group (P <0.01 ),and serum hs-CRP was positively correlation with PD and AL in all patients.In patients with type 2 diabetes,high HbA1c and chron-ic periodontitis serum hs-CRP is positively correlation with periodontal disease.

BACKGROUND:With the development of sports medicine and research of radiologic imaging techniques, Blumensaat line (the radio-opaque line at the roof of the intercondylar notch) has been paid increasing attention. Blumensaat line is considered as measurement indexes of knee diseases. Taking advantage of the Blumensaat line, many surgeons and radiography physicians are trying to diagnose some knee diseases. OBJECTIVE:According to the knowledge about Blumensaat line in auxiliary diagnosis of knee disease, we hoped that it wil have a wide application in clinic. METHODS:A computer-based online search of CBM, CNKI, Wangfang Database and PubMed between 2000 and 2015 was performed for articles addressing Blumensaat line. We summarized its application as different diagnostic indicators. The key words were patel a alta, Blumensaat line, anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries and ACL reconstruction. Thirty-nine studies were accorded with the inclusion criteria. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Blumensaat line represents the tangential y hit part of the roof in the intercondylar fossa. The line can be used for diagnosing ACL injuries and directing ACL restruction. (1) Blumensaat line and patel a alta:Patel a heights can be measured with the use of Blumensaat method, modified Blumensaat method and modified Blumensaat ratio. Modified Blumensaat ratio was found by Japanese researchers in 2014 and it is efficient. (2) Blumensaat line and ACL injuries:Blumensaat angle is formed by Blumensaat line and ACL. If this angle is negative or it is greater than 15°, we can draw a conclusion that the ACL was hurt. (3) Harner’s method can be used for choosing an accurate isometric point and a perfect bone tunnel’s angel in ACL reconstruction.