Objective To evaluate the effect of clinical nursing pathway in emergency treatment of for-eign body in respiratory tract of children. Methods Retrospective analysis was carried out in 555 children with foreign body in respiratory tract from February 2005 to December 2007, who were divided into the control group (271 cases) and the experimental group (284 cases). The experimental group was given managed with standardized clinical pathway,the control group received routine management. The preoperative preparation time, average hospital stay, cost of hospitalization, the extent of mastering of health knowledge by patients'par-ents were observed and the data underwent χ2 and t test. Results All patients of the two groups were cured and no nursing complications happened.The mean preoperative preparation time of the experimental group was 10 hours, which was shorter than that of the control group(27 hours). The average length of hospital stay of the experimental group was (4.13 + 0.81)days, which was shorter than that of the control group ,(6.03 + 1.30) days.The average hospitalization cost of the experimental group was (3498.55 + 269.13) yuan, while the control group was(4246.40 + 977.10) yuan. The extent of mastering of health knowledge by patients' parents, including basic knowledge of the disease, preoperative cooperation knowledge,prevention knowledge and diet knowledge, was superior to that of the control group. Conchusions The establishment of clinical pathway of children with foreign body is conducive to the standardized treatment of the disease, it can shorten the preoperative prepara-tion time, improve the capability of emergency treatment, shorten the length of hospital stay, reducing hospital-ization costs, increase the extent of mastering of health knowledge by patients and their families.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of a whole-process health education model among inpatients with ascites type of advanced schistosomiasis. Methods A “admission-hospitalization-discharge” whole-process health education model was created, 101 inpatients with ascites type of advanced schistosomiasis were given the whole-process health education. The scores of schistosomiasis control knowledge, attitudes towards schistosomiasis control and healthy behaviors, and awareness of schistosomiasis control knowledge, correct rate of attitudes towards schistosomiasis control and correct rate of healthy behaviors were compared among inpatients with ascites type of advanced schistosomiasis before and after implementation of the whole-process health education. Results The scores of schistosomiasis control knowledge, schistosomiasis control attitudes and healthy behaviors were all significantly higher among inpatients with ascites type of advanced schistosomiasis after implementation of the whole-process health education than before implementation (Z = −7.688, −3.576 and −4.328, all P values < 0.01). In addition, the awareness of schistosomiasis control knowledge increased from 54.3% to 82.7% (χ² = 188.886, P < 0.01), and the correct rate of attitudes towards schistosomiasis control increased from 88.4% to 98.0% (χ² = 22.001, P < 0.01), while the correct rate of healthy behaviors increased from 48.2% to 59.7% (χ² = 11.767, P < 0.01). Conclusions The whole-process health education model may remarkably improve the awareness of schistosomiasis control knowledge and promote the formation of positive attitudes towards schistosomiasis control and correct behaviors among inpatients with ascites type of advanced schistosomiasis, which is of great significance to facilitate patients’ cure.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Hymagic-4D multi-essence (miniHA, acetylated sodium hyaluronate, sodium hyaluronate, sodium hyaluronate cross-linked polymer) on sensitive skin.Methods:The clinical trial was conducted from April 2, 2019 to April 30, 2019 in the Cosmetic Dermatology Laboratory of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University. A total of 33 subjects (average age of 43±9.5) completed the trial. Subjects diagnosed as sensitive skin according to the criteria were enrolled. Hymagic-4D were randomly applied on one side of the face while macromolecular hyaluronic acid was applied on opposite side for 28 days. Skin biophysical properties, lactic test, clinical efficacy and safety were evaluated by the investigators at day 0, day 7, day 14 and day 28. Skin water content, TEWL and a*value were measured at the same time.Results:Dates showed that at day 7, day 14 and day 28, the a* values on Hymagy-4D using side were 8.54±3.08, 8.87 ±3.21 and 8.39±3.21, lower than that on the side of control 9.48±3.09, 9.51±3.30 and 9.03±2.95 ( P<0.01); skin roughness score, dryness score and erythema score on hymagy-4d using side were significantly lower than before ( P<0.01), and significantly lower than that on the control side ( P<0.01). Hydration, TEWL, pH value, L value and total score of lactic acid tingling test which were significantly improved on both facial skin compared to the baseline ( P<0.05) showed no statistical difference between two facial sides ( P>0.05) during 28-day treatment. Conclusions:This study demonstrates that Hymagic-4D has more effective in repairing skin barrier and inhibiting skin inflammation than single component hyaluronic acid on sensitive skin persons.

As a normal physiological substance,D-galactose can induce a process similar to natural brain aging in vivo and in vitro when administered excessively,and thus it is widely used to induce brain aging models in China and abroad.The model of brain failure induced by D-galactose has the advantages of a short modeling time,low cost,and significant effect.However,the induction mechanisms are complex and diverse,and the relationships between the mechanisms are unclear,which limit the practical applications of the model.This article reviews the in vivo metabolism of D-galactose and the various mechanisms involved in the induction of brain aging,as well as the links between the mechanisms,to provide a reference for the application and development of this model and the in-depth study of brain aging.

Pulmonary fluid refers to a thin and continuous liquid layer mainly consisting of airway mucus and lining liquid on the inner surface of alveoli, which is essential for maintaining a healthy lung. The clinical significance of rheological properties of pulmonary fluid in airway stability, pulmonary barrier and clearance functions, ventilator induced lung injury and surfactant replacement therapy in infant respiratory distress syndrome was introduced in this paper. Furthermore, a variety of classical methods for measuring surface tension and liquid viscosity, such as Langmuir-Wilhelmy balance, captive bubble method, glass capillary viscometer and rotational viscometer, and emerging techniques (e.g. particle tracking microrheometer and axisymmetric drop shape analysis) were reviewed, and their advantages and drawbacks were also compared, in order to provide an important reference for the assisted diagnosis and treatment of lung diseases in clinical practice.

Objective:To study the clinical effect of Microbotox in improving mandibular fat accumulation, lifting mandibular contour and achieving lower face and neck rejuvenation.Methods:From May 2020 to January 2021, patients with mandibular fat accumulation and skin relaxation of mandible and neck were treated in Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. Multiple microdroplets of botulinum toxin type A was injected into the dermis or the interface between the dermis and the superficial muscle layer in lower face and neck. Botulinum toxin was diluted to 20 U/ml and injected with 0.6 U per point. The scope of Microbotox was demarcated by the line between earlobe-mouth corner as the upper border, the depressor anguli oris as the anterior border, the front edge of sternocleidomastoid muscle front edge as the posterior border, and the jugular notch as the inferior border. Treatment effect was evaluated postoperatively by the subjective satisfaction of patients and the accessment of a third-party physicians.Results:A total of 25 patients were included, including 10 males and 15 females, with the age of 39.4±3.7 years. The patient subjective satisfaction was 96%(24/25), and 96%(24/25) of patients received improved result , evaluated by a third-party physician. There were no serious complications except one case of local congestion and four cases of local pain and swelling, which could be relieved in a short time.Conclusions:Characterized by improving mandibular fat accumulation, lifting mandibular contour, reducing cervicomental angle, improving skin texture and neck wrinkles, Microbotox is effective and practical.

Objective:To study the clinical effect of Microbotox in improving mandibular fat accumulation, lifting mandibular contour and achieving lower face and neck rejuvenation.Methods:From May 2020 to January 2021, patients with mandibular fat accumulation and skin relaxation of mandible and neck were treated in Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. Multiple microdroplets of botulinum toxin type A was injected into the dermis or the interface between the dermis and the superficial muscle layer in lower face and neck. Botulinum toxin was diluted to 20 U/ml and injected with 0.6 U per point. The scope of Microbotox was demarcated by the line between earlobe-mouth corner as the upper border, the depressor anguli oris as the anterior border, the front edge of sternocleidomastoid muscle front edge as the posterior border, and the jugular notch as the inferior border. Treatment effect was evaluated postoperatively by the subjective satisfaction of patients and the accessment of a third-party physicians.Results:A total of 25 patients were included, including 10 males and 15 females, with the age of 39.4±3.7 years. The patient subjective satisfaction was 96%(24/25), and 96%(24/25) of patients received improved result , evaluated by a third-party physician. There were no serious complications except one case of local congestion and four cases of local pain and swelling, which could be relieved in a short time.Conclusions:Characterized by improving mandibular fat accumulation, lifting mandibular contour, reducing cervicomental angle, improving skin texture and neck wrinkles, Microbotox is effective and practical.

Objective:Exploring the efficacy and safety of bridging blinatumomab (BiTE) in combination with chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy for the treatment of adult patients with acute B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) .Methods:Clinical data from 36 adult B-ALL patients treated at the First Affiliated Hospital of Suzhou University from August 2018 to May 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. A total of 36 cases were included: 18 men and 18 women. The median age was 43.5 years (21-72 years). Moreover, 21 cases of Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia were reported, and 16 of these cases were relapsed or refractory. Eighteen patients underwent blinatumomab bridging followed by CAR-T cell therapy, and 18 patients received CAR-T cell therapy. This study analyzed the efficacy and safety of treatment in two groups of patients.Results:In the BiTE bridge-to-CAR-T group, 16 patients achieved complete remission (CR) after BiTE immunotherapy, with a CR rate of 88.9%. One month after bridging CAR-T therapy, bone marrow examination showed a CR rate of 100.0%, and the minimal residual disease (MRD) negativity rate was higher than the nonbridging therapy group (94.4% vs. 61.1%, Fisher, P=0.041). The incidence of cytokine release syndrome and other adverse reactions in the BiTE bridge-to-CAR-T group was lower than that in the nonbridging therapy group (11.1% vs. 50.0%, Fisher, P=0.027). The follow-up reveals that 13 patients continued to maintain MRD negativity, and five patients experienced relapse 8.40 months (2.57-10.20 months) after treatment. Two of five patients with relapse achieved CR after receiving the second CAR-T cell therapy. In the nonbridging therapy group, 10 patients maintained continuous MRD negativity, 7 experienced relapse, and 6 died. The 1 year overall survival rate in the BiTE bridge-to-CAR-T group was higher than that in the nonbridging therapy group, with a statistically significant difference at the 0.1 level (88.9%±10.5% vs. 66.7%±10.9%, P=0.091) . Conclusion:BiTE bridging CAR-T cell therapy demonstrates excellent efficacy in adult B-ALL treatment, with a low recent recurrence rate and ongoing assessment of long-term efficacy during follow-up.

Objective:To investigate the accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) cine sequences in determining the range of tumor motion in radiotherapy, providing a basis for the precise delineation of the target volume in motion for radiation therapy.Methods:A modified chest motion phantom was placed in a MRI scanner, and a water-filled sphere was used to simulate a tumor. True fast imaging with steady precession (TrueFISP) MRI cine sequences from Siemens were used to capture the two-dimensional motion images of the simulated tumor. The phantom experiments were divided into three modes: head-foot motion mode, rotation motion mode, and actual respiratory waveform mode. In the head-foot motion mode, respiratory motion period (3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 s), amplitude (5, 10 and 15 mm), and respiratory waveform of the simulated tumor (sin and cos4) were set, resulting in a total of 36 motion combinations. In the rotation motion mode, a cos4 waveform was used for respiration, with respiratory periods of 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 s, head-foot motion set amplitudes of 5, 10 and 15 mm, and anterior-posterior (AP) and left-right (LR) motion set amplitudes in three combinations ([2.5, 2.5] mm, [2.5, 5.0] mm, [5.0, 5.0] mm), resulting in a total of 54 motion combinations. In the actual respiratory waveform mode, respiratory waveforms of 5 randomly selected patients from Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University were obtained. Under each motion combination, TrueFISP cine images (30 frames, with an acquisition time of 11 s per frame) were obtained. The code was used to automatically identify the two-dimensional coordinates of the center of the simulated tumor in each image, and sin and cos4 functions were separately employed to fit the tumor position in the motion direction, thereby obtaining the fitted motion period and amplitude. The difference between the maximum and minimum values of the tumor's center coordinates in the head-to-foot direction is taken as the range of movement, referred to as the calculated amplitude. For the actual respiratory waveform, the distance between the measured maximum and minimum positions is used to calculate the amplitude.Results:In the head-foot motion mode, the fitted amplitudes of both sin and cos4 waveforms deviated from the set amplitudes by 0-0.51 mm, with relative deviations of 0%-4.2%. The deviation range between the calculated amplitudes and the set amplitudes of the two waveforms were 0.08-0.94 mm, with relative deviations of 1.1%-6.3%. In the rotation motion mode, the fitted amplitudes deviated from the set amplitudes by 0-0.61 mm, with relative deviations of 0%-6.2%. And the deviation range between the calculated amplitudes and the set amplitudes were 0.16-0.94 mm, with relative deviations of 0%-6.3%. In the actual respiratory waveform motion mode, the deviation range between the calculated amplitudes and the set amplitudes were 0.10-0.48 mm, with relative deviations of 2.2%-8.6%.Conclusion:TrueFISP cine sequences show minimal deviations in determining the range of tumor head-foot motion and effectively captures the tumor's movement state, thereby providing important support for the precise definition of the tumor movement target area during radiotherapy .

A retrospective analysis of the clinical data of seven acute B-lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) patients with TCF3-HLF fusion gene-positive admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from June 2017 to August 2022 was conducted to summarize their clinical features and prognoses. The seven B-ALL patients comprised four males and three females, with a median age of 18 (11-33) years. Five patients tested positive for CD33 expression, and four patients had a normal karyotype. Two patients had hypercalcemia at the initial diagnosis, and one patient developed hypercalcemia at relapse. Six patients presented with coagulation dysfunction at diagnosis. After induction chemotherapy, five out of seven patients achieved complete remission, of which four subsequently relapsed. Two patients did not achieve remission even after two rounds of induction chemotherapy, with one achieving complete remission after treatment with blinatumomab immunotherapy. Three patients underwent chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy, whereas three patients subsequently underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Five patients died, while two patients survived with sustained complete remission. TCF3-HLF-positive B-ALL is rare and has a high relapse rate and poor prognosis.