Objective To study the curative effectiveness of Itraconazole in the treatment of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis following bilateral lung transplantation.Methods One patients undergoing bilateral lung transplantation was readmitted at 8-month postoperatively due to cough, sputum, and fever. Sputum culture reported positive Aspergillus flavus. Chest X-ray manifested bilateral lung infiltration. Chest CT scan showed multiple small cavities. Itraconazole (Sporanox) therapy was performed.Results Sputum smear and culture reported negative aspergillus at sixth of Itraconazole therapy. Patient’s symptoms after Itraconazole treatment for 10 days were improved obviously. Chest CT scan showed the lung lesion still existed. After treatment by Itraconazole, FK506 dosage was decreased from 3 mg, twice a day to 0.5 mg, once a day.Conclusion Pulmonary aspergillosis is an important complication following lung transplantation. Itraconazole therapy can effectively treat invasive pulmonary aspergillosis following bilateral lung transplantation. Blood drug concentration monitoring indicated the dosage of FK506 was significantly decreased after Itraconazole therapy.

0 05). For enalapril treatment, the total efficacy rate in patients in Tibet and coastal areas was 96 0% and 77 6%( P 0 05).

Background Previous retinal vascular mounting only obtained part of retinal vessels for the study of retinal diseases,and thus it is difficult to comprehensively assess these diseases.So optimizing the trypsin digestion method to show the complete retinal capillary network is very important for the study of retinal diseases.Objective This study was to modify the preparing way of trypsin digested whole retinal capillary network and offer a basis for a quantitative analysis of cells and capillaries.Methods Thirty Wistar rats were divided into model group (20 rats) and control group (10 rats).Streptozotocinum(STZ) of 1.25％ dissolved in 0.05 mmol/L sodium citratehydrochloric acid buffer was intraperitoneally injected to establish diabetes models in the model group,and the equal volume of solvent was used in the same way in the control group.Eight months after injection,100 ml PBS was injected via ventriculus sinister and released via cut right atrium,and then 100 ml 4％ paraformaldehyde was injected into the ventriculus sinister.The rat retinas containing part of the optic nerve were entirely isolated,and digested by trypsin,and vitreous,inner limiting membrane and neural retinal tissue were removed.The whole retinal capillaries network was mounted on the slide.The ghost pericytes and acellular capillaries in the middle retinal area were identified and counted under the optical microscope.Results The retinal mount exhibited that the retinal vessels were stained by hematoxylin and periodic acid schiff.The vessels network presented with the entire type in shape with the radical central retinal arteries and veins and their branches.The capillary showed the shallow-and deep-layer networks between the small arteries and veins.Pericytes distributed and protruded vessel wall and formed the ghost cells without nuclei.The diameter of acellular capillaries was 20％ or more than that of near capillaries,and no cellular nuclei or ghost cell was found through the vessel.Conclusions The experimental technique for setting-up of cleaned vasculature and mounting vessels on glass microscopic slide provides intact vessels,which is helpful for the evaluation of retinal vascular morphology and quantitative analysis.

Objective:To investigate the effect of O-6-methylguananine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) gene promoter methylation status on the treatment and prognosis of elderly patients newly-diagnosed with glioblastoma (GBM).Methods:Clinical data of 65 newly-diagnosed GBM patients admitted to Tianjin Huanhu Hospital from January 2012 to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients received intensity-modulated radiotherapy after surgery and 49 patients received temozolomide (TMZ) monotherapy. All patients were divided into the MGMT(+ ) group and MGMT(-) group according to the methylation status of MGMT promoter. Kaplan- Meier method and log-rank test were used for univariate survival analysis, and Cox regression model was used for multivariate prognostic analysis. Results:The median overall survival (OS) for all patients was 18.0 months. The median OS was 27.0 months and 15.3 months in the MGMT(+ ) group and MGMT(-) group, respectively. Univariate analysis revealed that tumor number, MGMT promoter methylation, postoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy were significantly related to clinical prognosis ( P=0.029, P=0.001 and P<0.001). In multivariate analysis, tumor number and postoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy were identified as significant prognostic factors for OS ( P=0.037, P=0.004). In the MGMT(+ ) group, the median OS was 27.0 months for patients receiving concurrent chemoradiotherapy and 12.0 months for radiotherapy alone ( P=0.040). In the MGMT(-) group, the median OS was 17.0 months for concurrent chemoradiotherapy patients and 10.0 months for radiotherapy alone ( P=0.122). Conclusions:MGMT promoter methylation status is significantly associated with longer OS in elderly GBM patients. Conventional fractional radiotherapy combined with concurrent and sequential TMZ chemotherapy probably yields better survival benefits.

Objective To study the internal atlas sphincter of rats with congenital anorectal malformations(ARM)by observing the number of the ganglion cell and the number of nerve plexus in the internal sphincter.Methods Healthy pregnant Wistar- Imammichi rats are induced to ARM by ETU.67 rats with ARM were obtained.The pelvis was continuously cut from the exactly midsagittal plane, and the slices were stained with HE to observe the number of the ganglion cell and the number of nerve plexus in the internal sphincter under microscope.Result The average number of the ganglion cell in the rats with ARM was 1.206,and the number of the nerve pluxes is 0.310.The numbers in both two groups were extremely less than that in normal rats(P＜0.05).The rats without ARM which were also dealt with ETU had no distinctness compared with the normal rats.Conclusion The pathology changes of ARM includes many ways,for example,muscles,mucosa and the nerve system.The decrease of the ganglion cell and the nerve plexus in internal sphincter is an important aspect of ARM.

Diabetic vascular disease is a major complication of diabetes, which is characterized by the formation of collateral vessels of serious damage to systemic disease. Substantial evidence have shown that timpaired endothelial progenitor cell function, non-enzymatic glycation end products accumulate, and Wnt signaling pathway dysfunction may be an important mechanism of impaired angiogenesis after the diabeticlimb ischemic. This paper is to make a study of its mechanism, and to provides a new strategy for diabetes therapeutic angiogenesis.

Objective To evaluate the effect of transverse position and numbers on the stability of the spinal pedicle screw fixation during the pedicle cortex perforation. Methods The vertebral compression fracture was performed in the L1 vertebral body using the Chiba's method from 60 fresh thoracic and lumbar vertebrae samples of sheep(T13-L3),which were randomly divided into 6 groups(A,B,C,D,E,and F)using a lottery method. Bilateral pedicles of vertebral arch of T14 and L2 were inserted pedicle screws,connecting titanium rods to fix T14-L2 segments. Then the samples of groups B,C,D,E,and F were removed a quarter of right side of lateral T14 thoracic pedicle cortical,which were considered the pedicle cortex perforation model. Finally,each group was fixed on different numbers of crosslinks:group A(0 crosslink,Intact),group B(0 crosslink,NCL),group C(1 crosslink,1/2 of the rods,MCL),group D(1 crosslink,1/3 of the rods close to T14,PCL),group E(1 crosslink,2/3 of the rods away from T14,DCL)and group F(2 crosslinks,1/3 and 2/3 of the rods respectively,TCL). After all samples were subject to 10 000 times of fatigue test with biomechanics test machines,the axial compressive stiffness,range of the motion(ROM)of the 6 directions(flexion,extension,lateral bending,and axial rotation),and the maximum pullout of the screws of the T14 pedicle cortex perforation were measured and compared among these 6 groups. Results The axial compressive stiffness in groups A,C,D,E,and F was significantly higher than that in group B(all P<0.05),and group A was significantly higher than group F(P<0.05) . The maximum pullout in groups A,C,D,E,and F were significantly higher than that in group B(all P<0.05),and group A was significantly higher than group F and groups C,D,and E were significantly lower than group F(all P<0.05). ROM of flexion,extension,lateral bending,and axial rotation in groups A,B,C,D,E,and F were significantly lower than that in group B(P=0.000),and ROM of left and right axial rotation in groups C,D,and E were significantly higher than in that group F(P=0.000). Conclusions During the pedicle cortex perforation,adding of one crosslink can improve the stability of the pedicle cortex perforation,and adding of two crosslinks can approximately achieve the same stability as the pedicle screw fixation with no pedicle cortex perforation. The location of the crosslink has no obvious effect on the short segment of spinal fixation.

Objective To evaluate the serum levels of cystatin C (CysC)in lung cancer and its clinical significances for kidney assement.Methods The serum of 120 patients with lung cancer and 50 healthy controls were collected.All the patients were en-rolled in Beijing Chest Hospital,Capital Medical University,from June 2012 to October 2013.Full-automatic biochemistry analyzer was used to examine the levels of serum CysC.Results The level of serum CysC in patients with lung cancer was significantly higher than that of healthy controls(t = 4.771,P < 0.05 ).The sensitivity of CysC(81.7%)was significantly higher than that of BUN(66.7%)and Cr(45%)(χ2 =25.326,P <0.05),and there were no significantly difference of the specificity among them(χ2 =3.468,P >0.05).Conclusion Serum CysC was a useful biochemistry marker for kidney assement in lung cancer,and have better clinical significances than BUN and Cr.

Objective To evaluate the clinical application and therapeutic effect of interventional embolization in treating renal pseudoaneurysms. Methods The clinical data of 11 patients with renal pseudoaneurysm, who had received interventional embolization management at authors’ hospital, were retrospectively analyzed. The embolic agents used in the embolization procedure included conventional steel coil, gelatin sponge particles, PVA, etc. All the patients were followed up for 6-24 months. Results Single renal pseudoaneurysm was found in all the 11 patients. Clinically, symptom of bleeding was seen in 3 cases. The renal pseudoaneurysm was located at the upper (n=1), middle (n=4) and lower (n=5) renal artery of the kidney, and in one case the renal pseudoaneurysm was situated at the accessory renal artery. In performing renal artery embolization, pure PVA was used in one case, spring steel coil in one case, PVA together with spring steel coil in one case, and gelatin sponge combined with spring coil in 8 cases. After the embolization, the pseudoaneurysm was no more visualized, the contrast extravasation disappeared, and the parent artery was manifested as a residual root. During the operation the patients had no obvious discomfort. Within one week after embolization therapy, 2 patients developed hemorrhage, and their hemoglobin, white blood cell count and hematocrit were significantly increased. During the follow-up period, all patients showed no recurrence signs, and routine urine tests were normal. Conclusion For the treatment of renal pseudoaneurysms, interventional embolization is minimally-invasive, safe and reliable; this technique can maximally protect the normal kidney tissue, quickly control the bleeding and effectively save the life of patient. Therefore, it is worth promoting this treatment in clinical practice.

Objective:To investigate the anticaries effects of hesperidin in rats.Methods:The MIC of hesperidin against Streptococ-cus sobrinus(S.sobrinus)was explored with disc diffusion method.The rats with artificial caries were administered with 1/2 MIC hes-peridin,0.12%Chlorhexidine and distilled water respectively.The results of S.sobrinus level,Keyes scoring and DIAGNOdent exam-ination were used to evaluate the effects of hesperidin on S.sobrinus and caries development.Results:The MIC of hesperidin agaist S. sobrinus was 8 mg/ml.The S.sobrinus level was not statistically different between hesperidin group and negative control group(P>0. 05).Keyes scores of grade E of smooth and pit and fissure caries in hesperidin group were lower than in negative control(P<0.05), those of grade Ds and Dm of pit and fissure caries in hesperidin group were lower than in negative control(P<0.05 ),while higher than in chlorhexidine group(P<0.05).Hesperidin showed significant anti-caries effect(P<0.05)examined by DIAGNOdent.Con-clusion:Hesperidin at 1/2 MIC has anti-caries effect in rats without influence of the oral microecological balance.