Purpose: The long-term fertility impact of cancer treatments is a significant concern for young breast cancer survivors. These reproductive concerns often become a persistent source of stress, negatively affecting their quality of life. This study aims to explore the reproductive concerns experienced by young breast cancer survivors post-treatment and the factors influencing their perceptions. Methods: This phenomenological study utilized semi-structured interviews to collect data. Eighteen participants were recruited from a tertiary hospital in Mainland China. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using Colaizzi's method. Results: Data analysis revealed five themes and fourteen subthemes: (1) multiple emotional burdens interwoven with concerns about fertility; (2) concerns about risks associated with reproduction; (3) dilemma of childrearing; (4) the significance of reproduction; (5) support needs from family, peers, and professionals. Conclusion Young breast cancer survivors in China face significant challenges related to reproductive issues. Reproductive health is a crucial aspect of breast cancer survivorship care. Healthcare providers must be attentive to the reproductive concerns of survivors, recognize the importance of multidimensional support for positive adaptation, and offer tailored and ongoing interventions to manage reproductive health in young breast cancer survivors.

Purpose: The long-term fertility impact of cancer treatments is a significant concern for young breast cancer survivors. These reproductive concerns often become a persistent source of stress, negatively affecting their quality of life. This study aims to explore the reproductive concerns experienced by young breast cancer survivors post-treatment and the factors influencing their perceptions. Methods: This phenomenological study utilized semi-structured interviews to collect data. Eighteen participants were recruited from a tertiary hospital in Mainland China. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using Colaizzi's method. Results: Data analysis revealed five themes and fourteen subthemes: (1) multiple emotional burdens interwoven with concerns about fertility; (2) concerns about risks associated with reproduction; (3) dilemma of childrearing; (4) the significance of reproduction; (5) support needs from family, peers, and professionals. Conclusion Young breast cancer survivors in China face significant challenges related to reproductive issues. Reproductive health is a crucial aspect of breast cancer survivorship care. Healthcare providers must be attentive to the reproductive concerns of survivors, recognize the importance of multidimensional support for positive adaptation, and offer tailored and ongoing interventions to manage reproductive health in young breast cancer survivors.

Purpose: The long-term fertility impact of cancer treatments is a significant concern for young breast cancer survivors. These reproductive concerns often become a persistent source of stress, negatively affecting their quality of life. This study aims to explore the reproductive concerns experienced by young breast cancer survivors post-treatment and the factors influencing their perceptions. Methods: This phenomenological study utilized semi-structured interviews to collect data. Eighteen participants were recruited from a tertiary hospital in Mainland China. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using Colaizzi's method. Results: Data analysis revealed five themes and fourteen subthemes: (1) multiple emotional burdens interwoven with concerns about fertility; (2) concerns about risks associated with reproduction; (3) dilemma of childrearing; (4) the significance of reproduction; (5) support needs from family, peers, and professionals. Conclusion Young breast cancer survivors in China face significant challenges related to reproductive issues. Reproductive health is a crucial aspect of breast cancer survivorship care. Healthcare providers must be attentive to the reproductive concerns of survivors, recognize the importance of multidimensional support for positive adaptation, and offer tailored and ongoing interventions to manage reproductive health in young breast cancer survivors.

Objective To investigate the effects of glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored HDL-binding protein (GPIHBP1) on glioma growth and macrophage infiltration. Methods Initially, the expression of GPIHBP1 in glioma samples and macrophage infiltration were analyzed using TCGA database, and these bioinformatics results were validated in clinical tissue samples. A stable glioma cell line overexpressing GPIHBP1 was then established to further explore the effects of GPIHBP1 overexpression on glioma cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion. Finally, the impact of GPIHBP1 overexpression on tumor growth and macrophage infiltration was verified through xenograft experiments. Results TCGA database analysis revealed that GPIHBP1 expression was higher in low-grade gliomas compared to normal tissues, while it was lower in high-grade gliomas. Additionally, the expression level of GPIHBP1 in low-grade gliomas was higher than in high-grade gliomas, which was confirmed by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Western blot analysis confirmed the successful construction of the GPIHBP1-overexpressing glioma cell line. CCK-8, flow cytometry, scratch and Transwell assays demonstrated that the proliferation, migration and invasion capabilities of the stable cell line were reduced compared to the control group. Xenograft experiments further showed that the tumor growth and macrophage infiltration were decreased in the stable cell line. Conclusion The differential expression of GPIHBP1 in different grades of gliomas may be associated with tumor progression. Overexpression of GPIHBP1 can inhibit glioma growth, possibly by influencing the tumor microenvironment and promoting the polarization of macrophages towards the antitumor M1 phenotype, thereby inhibiting glioma growth.

Objective:To learn about the changing trend of iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) and the iodine nutrition level of key populations in Fuzhou.Methods:From March 2017 to October 2019, a cross-sectional survey method was used to carry out IDD monitoring among key populations in 12 counties (cities, districts) of Fuzhou. In each county (city, district), one township/street was selected from five directions: East, West, South, North and Middle. Forty non-boarding children aged 8-10 (age balanced, half male and half female) from one primary school and 20 pregnant women in each township/street were selected as the survey subjects. The edible salt samples and instant urine samples of children and pregnant women were collected to detect the contents of salt iodine and urinary iodine; the thyroid volume of children was measured by B-ultrasound, and the goiter rate was calculated.Results:From 2017 to 2019, a total of 7 479 edible salt samples were collected from children's homes, and the median salt iodine was 23.40 mg/kg, the coverage rate of iodized salt was 94.06% (7 035/7 479), the qualified rate of iodized salt was 97.70% (6 873/7 035), and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 91.90% (6 873/7 479). A total of 3 602 edible salt samples were collected from pregnant women's homes, and the median salt iodine was 23.69 mg/kg, the coverage rate of iodized salt was 94.73% (3 412/3 602), the qualified rate of iodized salt was 97.66% (3 332/3 412), and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 92.50% (3 332/3 602). A total of 7 479 urine samples were collected from children, and the median urinary iodine was 172.70 μg/L. A total of 3 602 urine samples were collected from pregnant women, and the median urinary iodine was 131.21 μg/L. A total of 7 479 cases of thyroid gland in children were examined, including 89 cases of goiter, and the goiter rate was 1.19%.Conclusions:The consumption rate of qualified iodized salt ( > 90%) of key populations, urinary iodine (100-< 200 μg/L) and goiter rate ( < 5%) of children in Fuzhou are all in line with the national standard for elimination of IDD, but pregnant women are at risk of iodine deficiency (urinary iodine < 150 μg/L).

Objective: To explore the effects of paracondylar-lateral cervical approach for resection of the jugular foramen schwannoma(JFS). Methods: A total of 15 patients with JFS operated via the paracondylar-lateral cervical approach between December 2011 and March 2016 at Department of Neurosurgery in Xiangya Hospital of Central South University were retrospectively analyzed. There were 7 males and 8 females, aging from 22 to 77 years with a mean age of (41.9±15.8) years.There were 12 patients who accepted primary surgery, 3 patients who accepted secondary surgery. There were 10 patients with tinnitus or hearing loss, 8 patients with dysphagia, 9 patients with hoarseness, 7 patients with tongue hemiparesis, 8 patients with ataxia, 1 patient with Pyramidal signs, 2 patients with facial hypesthesia or pain, 1 patient with facial paresis. According to Samii JFS grading system, 2 patients were type B, 4 were type C and 9 were type D. All patients were followed-up through outpatient and telephone by MRI in 3, 9, 12 months postoperation. Results: Gross total removal of tumors were achieved in 14 patients and subtotal removal in 1 patient. Two patients had new hoarseness, 2 had new dysphagia and 3 had more serious dysphagia, 1 patient had more serious facial paresis after the operation. There were 2 patients with intracranial infection, 2 with pneumonia, 1 with subcutaneous effusion, 1 with cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea, 5 with gastric intubation during perioperative period. There were no death, intracranial hematoma and decreased hearing patients. All patients were followed up, the follow-up time were 3 to 33 months with a mean of (26.9±11.2) months. Till to the latest follow up, dysphagia improved in 2 cases, hoarseness and tongue hemiparesis improved in 3 cases, hearing loss and tinnitus improved in 9 cases, balance function improved in 7 cases, facial hypesthesia and pain improved in 2 cases, pyramidal signs disappeared in 1 case, facial nerve function improved to normal in 1 case. There was no recurrence and progressed case. Conclusion Paracondylar-lateral cervical approach is an alternative approach for both intracranial and extracranial JFS.

Objective:To learn about the implementation of various prevention and control measures after achieving the stage goal of eliminating iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) in Fuzhou City, and to evaluate the prevention and control effect.Methods:In September 2020, an assessment and evaluation was conducted on elimination of IDD in 12 counties (cities, districts) under the jurisdiction of Fuzhou City, with specific reference to the "Evaluation Content and Judgment Standards for Elimination of Iodine Deficiency Disorders" (2019 version). Using the target evaluation table for eliminating IDD, 4 management indicators of organizational and leadership, monitoring and prevention measures, iodized salt management and health education in 12 counties (cities, districts) from 2016 to 2020 were evaluated. Using stratified random sampling method, 2 townships/streets were selected from each county (city, district), and 20 pregnant women were sampled from each township/street. At the same time, two villages (neighborhood committees) were randomly selected from each township/street, and 20 children aged 8 - 10 (age balanced, half male and half female) were randomly selected from each village (neighborhood committee). The edible salt samples and instant urine samples of children and pregnant women were collected to detect the contents of salt iodine and urinary iodine; the iodine supplementation status of pregnant women was investigated by iodine supplementation rate questionnaire; the goiter in children was measured by B-ultrasound.Results:The management indicators scores of all 12 counties (cities, districts) were > 85 points, with an average score of 92.75 points. Changle District had the highest score (98 points), and Taijiang District had the lowest score (90 points). A total of 1 457 household salt samples were collected and tested in the city, including 967 samples from children aged 8 - 10 and 490 samples from pregnant women. The median salt iodine was 24.24 mg/kg, and the coverage rate of iodized salt was 93.62% (1 364/1 457). The qualified rate of iodized salt was 97.80% (1 334/1 364), and the coverage rate of qualified iodized salt was 91.56% (1 334/1 457). Except for Gulou District (88.33%, 106/120), Taijiang District (85.00%, 102/120), Mawei District (86.67%, 104/120), Changle District (89.34%, 109/122) and Minqing County (88.43%, 107/121), the coverage rate of qualified iodized salt was < 90%, the coverage rate of qualified iodized salt in the remaining counties (cities, districts) was > 90%. A total of 967 urine samples were collected from children, the median urinary iodine was 187.80 μg/L. The median urinary iodine of children in all counties (cities, districts) ranged from 140.08 to 269.70 μg/L. A total of 967 children were examined, and the goiter rate was 0.72% (7/967). The goiter rate ranged from 0 to 2.44% in all counties (cities, districts). A total of 490 urine samples were collected from pregnant women, with a median urinary iodine of 148.48 μg/L. Among them, the median urinary iodine of pregnant women in Gulou District (184.23 μg/L), Mawei District (262.85 μg/L), Jin'an District (176.80 μg/L), Luoyuan County (166.60 μg/L) and Yongtai County (157.62 μg/L) was > 150 μg/L, the median urinary iodine of pregnant women in other counties (cities, districts) was between 100 and 150 μg/L. A total of 490 pregnant women were investigated for iodine supplementation, the iodine supplementation rate was 94.90% (465/490). Except for Gulou District (85.00%, 34/40), Cangshan District (85.00%, 34/40) and Lianjiang County (87.50%, 35/40), the iodine supplementation rate < 90%, the iodine supplementation rate of pregnant women in other counties (cities, districts) was > 90%.Conclusions:The IDD prevention and control measures in Fuzhou City have been well implemented, and all counties (cities, districts) in Fuzhou City have maintained the state of eliminating IDD, and continued to consolidate the prevention and control achievements.

Objective:To investigate the iodine nutrition status of key population in Fuzhou City, and to provide scientific basis for adjusting intervention strategies.Methods:From March to October 2021, a survey was conducted on iodine nutrition status of key population in 12 counties (cities, districts) of Fuzhou City. Each county (city, district) was divided into 5 sampling areas according to the east, west, south, north and middle directions. One township (street) was selected from each area, and 40 non-boarding children aged 8 - 10 (age balanced, half male and half female) from one primary school and 20 pregnant women (early, middle and late pregnancy balanced) were selected as survey subjects. Household salt samples and random urine samples were collected, and the salt iodine and urine iodine levels were tested by direct titration and arsenic and cerium catalytic spectrophotometry, respectively. Children's thyroid volume was measured by B-ultrasonography. At the same time, in cooperation with Fuzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital, the thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) testing results of heel blood of full-term natural delivery newborns in Fuzhou City in 2021 were collected.Results:A total of 2 400 children were monitored for salt iodine, urine iodine and goiter. The median salt iodine was 24.40 mg/kg, with an iodine salt coverage rate of 93.04% (2 233/2 400), a qualified rate of iodized salt of 97.40% (2 175/2 233), and a consumption rate of qualified iodized salt of 90.62% (2 175/2 400). The median urine iodine was 181.47 μg/L. The rate of goiter was 1.04% (25/2 400). A total of 1 200 pregnant women were monitored for salt iodine and urine iodine. The median salt iodine was 24.10 mg/kg, the coverage rate of iodized salt was 91.08% (1 093/1 200), the qualified rate of iodized salt was 97.90% (1 070/1 093), and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 89.17% (1 070/1 200). The median urine iodine was 128.10 μg/L. The median TSH level in the heel blood of 14 242 newborns was 3.38 mU/L, and the proportion of TSH level > 5 mU/L was 30.96% (4 410/14 242).Conclusions:In 2021, children in Fuzhou City are at an appropriate level of iodine, but pregnant women are insufficient of iodine. We should continue to maintain comprehensive prevention and control measures mainly based on salt iodization, provide health education for pregnant women, and strengthen monitoring of TSH level in newborns.

OBJECTIVE: To improve the surgical outcome of pituitary adenomas by identifying and preserving the pituitary stalk and the gland during surgery. METHODS: From October 2010 to September 2012, the author from the Department of Neurosurgery of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University operated on 51 patients with pituitary adenoma. During the operations, we carefully identified the normal adenohypophysis, pituitary stalk, neurohypophysis and the abnormal tissues either by direct observation or by medical images, aiming to excise the tumor thoroughly, protect the pituitary function and reduce the postoperative complications. RESULTS: Totally 37 patients (72.5%, 37/51) had total resection of the tumor, 12 (23.5%, 12/51) had subtotal tumor resection and the other 2 had major removal. The gland and the pituitary stalk were well identified and reserved. Detection of hormone content proved that the operation had little effect on the free triiodothyronine (FT3) and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), while for free tetraiodothyronine (FT4) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and postoperative followup significant alleviation was found. There was no significant fluctuation for the testosterone in the men preoperatively and postoperatively (all the above results were obtained without hormone replacement therapy). The main postoperative complications were as follows: temporary diabetes insipidus in 5 patients (9.8%, 5/51); electrolyte disorder (the appearance of hyponatremia) in 17 (33.3%, 17/51); and cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea and postoperative intracranial infection in 1 (2%, 1/51). No one died during the perioperation period. CONCLUSION Microscopic transsphenoidal surgery is effective for pituitary adenomas including tumors violating the cavernous sinus. Accurate identification of the pituitary stalk, the gland and the abnormal tissue during the microscopic transsphenoidal operation plays a critical role in preserving the pituitary function and promoting postoperative rehabilitation.
Adenoma ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Microsurgery ; Neurosurgical Procedures ; methods ; Pituitary Gland ; surgery ; Pituitary Hormones ; blood ; Pituitary Neoplasms ; surgery ; Postoperative Complications ; Treatment Outcome

BACKGROUND:Buqi Huoxue Compounds have significant clinical efficacy in treating ischemic stroke with Qi deficiency and phlegm stasis;however,the exact mechanism of action is not clear. OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of Buqi Huoxue Compounds on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor,basic fibroblast growth factor,brain-derived neurotrophic factor and autophagy related protein Beclin1 and p62 in a rat model of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion. METHODS:Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham operation group,model group,Buqi Huoxue Compounds group and autophagy inhibitor group,with 10 rats in each group.In the latter three groups,a rat model of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury was established.The Buqi Huoxue Compounds group was intragastrically given Buqi Huoxue Compounds(6.49 g/kg,administered three times a day)2 hours after reperfusion;the autophagy inhibitor group was intragastrically given Buqi Huoxue Compounds(6.49 g/kg,administered three times a day)2 hours after reperfusion and intraperitoneally given 3-methyladenine 2 hours before gavage and at days 1-3 of gavage.The sham operation group and model group were given equal amounts of saline by gavage for 7 consecutive days.Neurological function,cerebral infarct volume,brain tissue morphology and expression of vascular endothelial growth factor,basic fibroblast growth factor,brain-derived neurotrophic factor and autophagy-related proteins Beclin1 and p62 in the ischemic cortical region of rats were detected at 24 hours after the final administration. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Zea-Longa scoring results showed that the neurological function of rats was severely damaged after modeling and neurological deficit of rats in the Buqi Huoxue Compounds group was less than that in the model group and the autophagy inhibitor group(P＜0.05).TTC staining showed that cerebral infarct foci were observed in the model group,Buqi Huoxue Compounds group,and autophagy inhibitor group,and the cerebral infarct volume in the Buqi Huoxue Compounds group was lower than that in the model group and the autophagy inhibitor group(P＜0.05).The results of hematoxylin-eosin staining in ischemic brain tissues showed that there were large gaps between nerve cells in the model group and cell arrangement was not neat,and cytoplasmic agglutination and pyknosis were observed.Immunohistochemical staining results showed that vascular endothelial growth factor was mostly expressed in neuronal cells,glial cells and capillary endothelium;basic fibroblast growth factor and brain-derived neurotrophic factor were mostly expressed in neuronal cells and glial cells;and there was no significant difference in the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor,basic fibroblast growth factor,and brain-derived neurotrophic factor among the four groups(P＞0.05).The results of western blot assay showed that compared with the sham operation group,Beclin1 protein expression was decreased(P＜0.05)and p62 protein expression was elevated(P＜0.05)in the model group;compared with the model group,Beclin1 protein expression was increased(P＜0.05)and p62 protein expression was reduced(P＜0.05)in the Buqi Huoxue Compounds group;compared with the Buqi Huoxue Compounds group,Beclin1 protein expression was decreased(P＜0.05)and p62 protein expression was elevated(P＜0.05)in the autophagy inhibitor group.To conclude,Buqi Huoxue Compounds attenuate cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats by promoting autophagy.