Objective: To study the structure property of a superfine melt blow(MF) non woven material for making medical masks and its filtering functions. Methods: Five kinds of masks were tested and they were: 20 layer gauze mask, cotton spunlace mask, MF outpatient mask, MF medical protective mask Ⅰ and MF medical protective mask Ⅱ. Scanning electron microscope was used to observe the structure of the filtering materials. The aperture of the materials was measured and the filtering efficacy was tested. Results: The diameter of MF fibers was less than 3 ?m and the material made from it was randomly distributed with multi curve channels and complex structure. The filtering efficacy of the new material was 96.2% 99.5% for ambient aerosol particles with a diameter of 0.3 ?m, while the efficacy of 20 layer gauze mask was 50.9%. As for respiratory resistance the former was 26 43 Pa and the later was 48 Pa. Besides, MF mask had good humid proof function and the character of electronic charge, and the later could help capture the particles. Conclusion: The new masks made from MF material has good filtering function and low respiratory resistance, which can be used to prevent SARS virus.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of the intensity modulated radiotherapy in early stage cervical cancer with vaginal stump recurrence after surgery.Methods A retrospective concurrent comparative study included 60 patients with vaginal recurrence after surgery in early stage cervical cancer.30 cases of the experimental group were treated with intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT),and 30 cases of the control group were treated with conventional radiotherapy.The efficacy and complications between two groups were compared after 3 treatment cycles.Results Of 30 patients in experimental group,22 patients achieved complete remission,7 had partial and 1 progressed.But in the control group,14 had complete remission,5 reached partial remission,7 were stable and 4 progressed.The effective rates were 96.67 ％ (29/30) and 63.33 ％ (19/30),respectively,in the experimental and control group,which showed statistical significance (P =0.009).In the experimental group,there were 1 case with grade 1 radiation cystitis and 1 case with grade 1 radiation proctitis.In the control group,there were 3 cases of vaginal-rectal fistula,1 case of grade 3 radiation proctitis,2 cases of grade 2 radiation cystitis and 2 cases of grade 1 radiation proctitis.Conclusions IMRT for treating vaginal recurrence of early cervical cancer achieves satisfactory short-term effect.In comparison with conventional radiotherapy,IMRT has higher efficacy but less side effects.

ObjectiveTo assess the clinical features of noncompaction of ventricular myocardium (NVM) in children. Methods The clinical data from ifve children with NVM were analyzed, including clinical manifestations, ultrasonic cardio-gram(UCG), electrocardiogram, chest X-ray, the process of diagnosis and treatment, and follow up.Results In ifve patients (3 boys and 2 girls) aged 3 months to 12 years, four of them were hospitalized because of pneumonia with heart failure. None of the ifve patients had thromboembolism. Heart enlargement was observed in all ifve patients on chest X-ray. By 2D ultrasonography, 2 patients had cardiac apex involvement, and 3 patients showed involvement of left ventricular wall and interventricular septum. In one patient, congenital partial defect of the endocardial cushion was observed. All patients were followed up for 3 to 36 months. One patient died of heart failure, 3 patients survived, and one patient was lost to follow-up.Conclusions The common clinical manifestation of NVM is the heart failure. UCG is preferred for NVM diagnosis. In children with refractory pneumonia and heart failure, NVM should be suspected.

Interactions between noroviruses (NoVs) and the receptors of histo-blood group antigens (HB-GAs) affect the infectivity and host susceptibility of NoVs. We elucidated the binding profile of a GII. 12 NoV to HBGAs. First, we synthesized the P domain sequence of the GII. 12 NoV strain Pune (GenBank accession number EU921353). Protein of the P domain was expressed in a prokaryotic system. Formation of the P particle was monitored by gel-filtration chromatography. Antiserum was prepared by immunization of mice with GII. 12 P particles. The binding profile of the GII. 12 NoV Pune strain was determined by binding of the P particle with a panel of saliva samples with various known HBGAs phenotypes. The GII. 12 NoV was bound strongly to saliva samples of subjects with B and AB types and weakly to A, O secretor, and non-secretor saliva samples, suggesting higher affinity with B antigen by GII. 12 NoV. These results were consistent with those determined by a previous crystallography study of GII. 12 NoV. These data suggested that individuals with B and AB blood types may be more susceptible to infection by GII. 12 NoV compared with those with other blood types. Our findings may provide a basis for the prevention and control of an epidemic of GII. 12 NoV.
Animals ; Blood Group Antigens ; metabolism ; Caliciviridae Infections ; metabolism ; virology ; Female ; Gastroenteritis ; metabolism ; virology ; Genotype ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Norovirus ; genetics ; metabolism ; Protein Binding ; Receptors, Virus ; metabolism ; Viral Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective To evaluate the surgical approaches for gastric carcinoma accompanied by portal hypertension ( PHT).Methods The clinical data of 22 patients with PHT undergoing operation during 5 years were retrospectively analyzed.The liver function was Child's A in 12 cases, Child's B in 10 cases.Total gastrectomy + pericardial devascularization was performed in 11 cases, distal subtotal gastrectomy in 9 cases, distal subtotal gastrectomy + splenectomy in one, distal subtotal gastrectomy + pericardial devascularization in one.12 cases with Child's A underwent D2 lymph node (LN) dissection and 10 cases with Child's B were treated with D1 LN dissection.Liver biopsy was taken in all patients.Results Postoperative complications developed in 50% and mortality rate was 9%.The rate of liver function deterioration in patients of Child A ungergoing D2 lymph node dissection was 42% , and that of patients with Child B was 70%.The rate of postoperatiave complications in patients with Child A ungergoing D2 lymph node dissection was 25% , while that of patients with Child B was 80%.There was no significant difference in liver function deterioration rate between Child A and Child B (P ＞ 0.05) , but the rate of postoperative complications in Child A is much lower than those in Child B(P ＜ 0.05).The complication rate in patients receiving PHT targeting measures was 77% ,much higher than 11% in those without concurrent treatment of PHT ( P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusions Individualized surgical approache is crucial for treatment of gastric carcinoma accompanied by PHT.Surgical treatment should be on the basis of liver function and the severity of PHT.

Objective To analyse the current scientific research situation of the young doctors in Zhongshan Hospital.Methods We surveyed the young doctors with a questionnaire for their basic information,scientific research projects and published papers,research motivations and difficulties in scientific research.Results Their quantity of research projects and production of papers were less than that they were expected.The main motivation for scientific research was to gain promotion and their primary difficulty was heavy load of clinical work.Conclusion There is a gap between the general level of the young doctors in scientific research and the development require of Zhongshan hospital.

Objective To investigate the values of the APACHE O,APACHE-Ⅲ,Ranson and Balthazar CT(CTSI) scoring systems in predicting prognosis of severe acute pancreatitis.Methods Data were collected prospectively from 321 consecutive patients who were admitted into our hospital from 2005-01-01 to 2011-01-01 with acute pancreatitis (AP).The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of the APACHE-O,APACHE-Ⅱ,Ranson,Balthazar CT scoring systems at different cut-off levels were calculated.The receiver-operating curves (ROC) for the prediction of severe AP in the early period were calculated using the APACHE-O,APACHE-Ⅱ,Ranson and Balthazar CT scores in different cut-off levels on hospital admission.The area under the curve (AUC) was used to compare the predictive accuracy.Using ROC curves,the values in predicting systemic complications,local complications and morbidities were also compared.Results At a cut-off point of 7,the APACHE O had a sensitivity of 95.4％,a specificity of 76.6％ and an overall accuracy of 79.4％.The Youden's index and the AUC of the APACHE-O score were 0.720 and 0.736,respectively.At a cut-off point of 8,the APACHE-Ⅱ had a sensitivity of 90.4％,a specificity of 81.0％ and an overall accuracy of 842.6％.The Youden's index and the AUC of the APACHE-Ⅱ were 0.714 and 0.699,respectively.At a cut-off point of 3,the Ranson had a sensitivity of 75.0％,a specificity of 78.1％ and an overall accuracy of 77.6％,respectively.The Youden’s index and the AUC of the Ranson were 0.531 and 0.703,respectively.At a cut-off point of 5,the CTSI had a sensitivity of 82.7％,a specificity of 91.4％ and an overall accuracy of 90.0％,respectively.The Youden's index and the AUC of the CTSI were 0.741 and 0.777,respectively.The CTSI system was the best in predicting local complications with a Youden’s index of 0.766,and an AUC of 0.777,respectively. At a cut-off point of 5,the CTSI had a sensitivity of 85.4％,a specificity of 91.2％ and an overall accuracy of 90.3％,respectively.The APACHE-O system was the best in predicting systematic complications with a Youden’s index of 0.789 and an AUC of 0.779,respectively.At a cut -off point of 8,the CTSI had a sensitivity of 91.1 ％,a specificity of 87.8％ and an overall accuracy of 88.2％,respectively.The CTSI system was the best in predicting local complications with a Youden’s index 0.952 and an AUC of 0.847,respectively.At a cut-off point of 8,the CTSI had a sensitivity of 100％,a specificity of 95.2％,and an overall accuracy of 95.3％,respectively.Conclusions The results suggested that the CTSI is the most useful system in predicting local complications and morbidities of severe AP in the early period.The APACHE-O is most useful in predicting systemic complications of severe AP.

Objective To investigate clinical features and risk factors for recurrent syncope in children with orthostatic intolerance.Methods Patients with orthostatic intolerance and syncope admitted in the Second Hospital of Lanzhou University from January 2014 to June 2015 were retrospectively analyzed by using t test,Chi -square test,and Fisher′s exact probability method.According to frequency of syncope,all cases were divided into 2 groups,the occasio-nal syncope group and the recurrent syncope group.All risk factors including age,gender,body mass index(BMI),in-ducement,the history of motion sickness,family history,syncope -related injuries,performance of head -up tilt table test,and outcomes of head -up tilt table test were studied statistically and compared within 2 different groups.Results A total of 83 cases were enrolled in this study.Among these children,33 cases(39.76%)were assigned as occasio-nal syncope group,in which 17 cases were male and 16 cases were female and the age ranged from 6 to 18 years with the average age of (9.70 ±2.87)years;50 cases(60.24%)were assigned as recurrent syncope group,in which 27 ca-ses were male and 23 cases were female and the age ranged from 6 to 18 years with the average age of (11.24 ±2.83) years.Of all the investigated risk factors,the BMI and the history of motion sickness were significantly different between 2 groups[(18.84 ±3.49)kg/m2 vs (18.16 ±3.68)kg/m2 ,t =4.82,P =0.001;39.39%(13 /33 cases)vs 70.00%(35 /50 cases),χ2 =7.64,P =0.006].No significant difference was found in age distribution(6 -9 years,10 -14 years,15 -18 years)between 2 groups(P =0.428).There were no significant differences in gender (male /female), family history,or syncope -related injuries between 2 groups[17 /16 cases vs 27 /23 cases;3.03%(1 /33 cases)vs 10.00%(5 /50 cases);15.15%(5 /33 cases)vs 20.00%(10 /50 cases),all P >0.05].And no significant difference was found in inducement (prolonged standing,body posture change,emotional stress/emotional stimuli,muggy environ-ment,movement)between 2 groups [78.79% (23 /33 cases)vs 72.00% (36 /50 cases);9.09% (3 /33 cases)vs 14.00%(7 /50 cases);3.03%(1 /33 cases)vs 6.00%(3 /50 cases);12.12% (4 /33 cases)vs 10.00% (5 /50 cases);3.03%(1 /33 cases)and 12.00%(6 /50 cases),all P >0.05].And performances of head -up tilt table test (blurred vision/blacked out,nausea/vomiting,sweating,dizzy/headache,palpation,anhelation /chest tightness,hot, weak)between 2 groups showed no significant differences[18.18%(6 /33 cases)vs 12.00%(6 /50 cases);36.36%(12 /33 cases)vs 50.00%(25 /50 cases);24.24%(8 /33 cases)vs 26.00%(13 /50 cases);51.52%(17 /33 cases) vs 58.00%(29 /50 cases);6.06%(2 /33 cases)vs 16.00%(8 /50 cases);27.27%(9 /33 cases)vs 22.00%(11 /33 cases);33.33%(11 /33 cases)vs 32.00%(16 /50 cases);12.12%(4 /33 cases)vs 16.00%(8 /50 cases),all P >0.05].Also there were no significant differences in outcomes of head -up tilt table test between 2 groups(P =0.589). Conclusions The risk factors for recurrent syncope in children with orthostatic intolerance were low BMI and the his-tory of motion sickness for such children,and more positive and effective clinical intervention can improve the living quality of children with orthostatic intolerance to some extent.

ObjectiveTo investigate the risk factors for syncope in children with orthostatic intolerance (OI).Methods The clinical data from 136 children with OI were retrospectively analyzed. The children were divided into syncope group and non-syncope group based on the existence of syncope. Results Among the 136 children, 77 children (56.62%) had syncope and 59 children (43.38%) did not have syncope. The differences in BMI, prevalence of inducement of prolonged standing, prevalence of accompanied symptoms of blurred vision/ blacking out, cold sweating and pallor, prevalence of the history of motion sickness and blood flow velocity of MCA were statistically significant between two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions Children with OI who has low BMI, inducement of prolonged standing, accompanied symptoms of blurred vision/ blacking out, cold sweating and pallor, the history of motion sickness, and fast blood flow velocity of MCA, are prone to syncope.

Objective To analyze colonoscopic appearances,computed tomography (CT) imaging features and their correlation with postoperative pathology in patients with colorectal high grade intraepithelial neoplasia (HGIN) diagnosed by colonoscopic biopsy.Methods From October 2009 to October 2015,patients diagnosed as colorectal HGIN by colonoscopic biopsy who received endoscopic resection or operation,and had complete postoperative pathological data were enrolled.The results of CT imaging before operation,postoperative pathological type,the maximum diameter of lesions,sessile lesions or pedunculated lesions and enlarged lymph nodes were analyzed.Chi-square test were performed for statistical analysis.Sensitivity and specificity of CT imaging before operation in the detection of invasive colorectal cancer were calculated.Results Among the 76 patients,21.1％ (16/76) patients were HGIN,and 78.9％ (60/76) were invasive cancer confirmed by postoperative pathology.The incidence rate of invasive carcinoma in patients aged ≤50 years (3/14) was significantly lower than that of patients aged ＞50 years (91.9％,57/62),and the difference was statistically significant (x2 =30.05,P＜0.01).The incidence rate of invasive carcinoma in protruding lesions with maximum diameter ≥ 3.0 cm was 98.3％ (57/58),which was higher than that of lesions with maximum diameter ＜3.0 cm(2/16),and the difference was statistically significant (x2 =51.91,P＜0.01).The incidence rate of invasive carcinoma in pedicle polyps group (2/13) was lower than that of sessile lesions (93.4％,57/61),and the difference was statistically significant (x2 =35.72,P＜0.01).The sensitivity and specificity of CT in the diagnosis of invasive colorectal cancer was 95.0％ and 84.6％,respectively.The incidence rate of invasive carcinoma in patients with enlarged lymph nodes detected by CT (93.3 ％,42/45) was significantly higher than that of patients without enlarged lymph nodes (64.3％,18/28),and the difference was statistically significant (x2=9.95,P =0.002).Conclusions CT examination can compensate for the diagnostic deficiency of colonoscopic biopsy which inadequately diagnosed some invasive carcinoma as HGIN.The incidence of invasive cancer is high in patients with age over 50 years,large lesions,sessile lesions,CT indicating colorectal neoplasms and with enlarged lymph nodes.