Objective To evaluate the effectiviness and safety of rituximab in the treatment of immune thrombocytopenia .Meth-ods Standard doses and small doses of rituximab alone or combined therapy with other methods were used in 2 cases with immune thrombocytopenia who diagnosed and treated for the first time ,and 6 cases who diagnosed with refractory recurrent immune throm-bocytopenia .The recent curative effect ,adverse reactions were analyzed .Results The recent curative effect was well in the 2 cases who diagnosed and treated for the first time ,but 1 case recurrenced after 6 months .4 cases of effective in the 6 cases who diagnosed with refractory recurrent ,in which 1 case recurrenced after 2 years ,2 cases had no effect .All of the patients have no obvious adverse reaction in the near future .Conclusion Rituximab treatment of immune thrombocytopenic ,it is of good curative effect ,good safety and tolerability .

Objective To compare the effect of 4 different cold and hot properties of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) on body temperature and related factors of yeast induced fever rats,and discuss the thermoregulatory mechanism of cold and hot properties of TCM.Methods 108 male SD rats were randomly divided into a normal group,a yeast-induced group,a R.palmatum treated group,a C.chinensis treated group,a Euodia ruticarpa treated group,and a Alpinia officinarum Hance treated group,with 18 rats in each group.Pyrexia model was induced by injecting yeast suspension subcutaneously on rat.At the 4h,8h and 12h after injection of yeast,the rats were sacrificed,and the blood and hypothalamus were collected.The levels of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2),cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP) and arginine vasopressin (AVP) in hypothalamus and plasma were detected by ELISA assay.Results At the 4h after injection of yeast,the temperature of rats in the model group began to rise,and it reached the peak at 8h,while RheumpalmatumL and Coptis chinensis could significantly reduce the body temperature of yeast-induced rat (P＜ 0.01 or P＜ 0.05).At 8h,the levels of PGE2 and cAMP in hypothalamus increased significantly [respectively (31.55 ± 9.88) pg/mg and (0.17±0.03) pmol/mg] compared with the normal group,while the level of AVP (0.14±0.02) pmol/ml in plasma reduced (P＜0.05).Compared with model group,at 8h RheumpalmatumL and Coptis chinensis could significantly lowered PGE2 [respectively (113.65± 18.60) pg/mg and (127.72 ± 15.75) pg/mg,P＜ 0.01 or P＜0.05],and cAMP [respectively (0.69±0.08) pmol/mg and (0.74±0.10) pmol/mg,P＜0.05] in hypothalamus,and increased AVP levels [respectively (1.08 ± 0.12) pmol/ml and (0.91 ±0.01) pmol/ml,P＜0.05 or P＜0.01] in plasma.Euodia ruticarpa and Alpinia officinarum had no significant effect on both body temperature and the levels of inflammatory factors.Conclusion The two cold property traditional Chinese medicines,R.palmatum and C.chinensis,could significantly reduced the body temperature of yeast-induced rats,which may be related to its effective regulation on levels of PGE2 and cAMP in hypothalamus and AVP in plasma,however,the two hot property traditional Chinese medicine,Euodia ruticarpa and Alpinia officinarum Hance,had no related effects.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of Glutamine (Gln) on the expression of PCNA in intestinal tissue of neo-natal rats with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), and to explore the protective mechanism of Gln in intestinal mucosa.Methods Forty-eight neonatal rats at the age of 48 hours were selected, and divided into 4 groups, control group, Gln group, NEC group, NECGln group. Each group had 12 rats. Control group were fed mice milk substitutes; Gln group were fed mice milk substitutes mixed with Gln; NEC group were fed mice milk substitutes and had cold/ hypoxia exposure twice a day for 3 days; NECGln group were exposed to cold stress, hypoxia and treated with Gln mixed in the milk. The expression of PCNA was detected using immunohistochemical method.Results Compared with control group were and Gln group, the general condition was worse, and the weight was decreased in NEC and NECGln group. The inifltrated inlfammatory cells, congestion, edema, intrinsic layer separation were observed in intestinal mucosa in NEC and NECGln group. The intestinal villus was lost in severe in NEC and NECGln group. The PCNA index was 34.17±5.78, 34.42±5.38, 15.00±1.94, 30.67±3.14 in control, Gln, NEC and NECGln group respectively, with signiifcant difference between each groups (H=24.32,P=0.000). The expression of PCNA in NEC group was lower than that in normal, Gln, and NECGln group (P<0.008). The expression of PCNA had no signiifcant difference among normal, Gln, and NECGln group (P>0.008).Conclusions The expression of PCNA in intestinal mucosa was decreased in NEC rats. Gln supplement could raise the expression of PCNA in intestinal mucosa of NEC rats, and accelerate the speed of intestinal mucosa repair.

Objective To observe effects of different extracts of Jianpi Huogu Formula (JPHGF) on proliferation and differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSCs). Methods Whole bone marrow adherent was used to screen, culture, and isolate BMSCs. Extracts from different parts (water, chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol parts) of JPHGF were administrated for a certain time. MTS was used to detent cell proliferation;ALP staining was used to detect ALP activity;ARS staining was used to detect the formation of calcium nodules;oil red O staining was used to detect fat cell formation. Results Extracts from different parts of JPHGF could promote cell proliferation of BMSCs in different levels, followed by its strength in water, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol parts;ALP staining results showed that the intensity of ALP expression of the order is water, acetic acid ethyl, chloroform and n-butanol parts;in promoting the formation of calcium nodules, ARS staining results showed that its intensity were water, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol parts;oil red O staining results showed that inhibition intensity of fat cells interaction strength was formed from ethyl acetate, water, chloroform to n-butanol parts. Conclusion Extracts from different parts of JPHGF have different effects on BMSCs proliferation and differentiation. Water extraction has the strongest osteogenic differentiation and proliferation, and ethyl acetate has the best effect on the inhibition of cell formation.

Objective Observing the effect of Shuganyishen formula on hormone-dependant metastatic breast cancer and the mechanisms of anti-resistance and endocrine therapy. Methods 226 ITT cases were divided into two cohorts by treatment. 126 cases were treated with the combination of Shuganyishen formula and standard western medicine including endocrine therapy, and 100 cases were treated with western medicine alone. The end points were time to progress (TTP) and overall survival and quality of life (QOF). The effect of Shuganyishen formula on growth of TAM-resistance cell line in vitro was observed. Results There were statistical significances of median TTP between combination and western medicine in Luminal A (ER+ /PR+, HER2-) as well as Luminal B (ER+/PR+, HER2+), but no significances of OS; The extent and incidence of hot flush, sweat and syndromes related to bone were decreased significantly in combination treated group. Shuganyishen formula could reverse resistance to TAM. Conclusion Patients with LuminalA and LuminalB metastatic breast cancer benefit from Shuganyishen formula, which maybe related with its reverse resistance to endocrine therapy.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of Huogu II formula compatible with different channel ushering drugs on the homing of bone marrow stem cells of osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) induced by liquid nitrogen freezing in rabbits and discuss the mechanism for preventing and treating ONFH.

METHODThe ONFH model was established by liquid nitrogen freezing of 84 rabbits. They were randomly assigned to the model group and the Huogu II formula group and groups of Huogu II formula combining with Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix, Asari Radix et Rhizoma, Angelicae Pubescentis Radix, Platycodonis Radix. The remaining 14 rabbits were sham-operated. During the course of ONFH modeling, all of the rabbits were subcutaneously injected with recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF)(30 microg x kg(-1) x d(-1), for consecutively 7 days). Meanwhile, normal saline and decoction of the formulae were orally administrated respectively. WBC was counted in peripheral blood before and after the injection of rhG-CSF. HE stainings at the 2nd and the 4th weeks after the modeling were adopted to observe histopathological changes, vascular morphology was observed by ink perfusion, BrdU and SDF-1 were determined by immunohistochemical assay in femoral heads of the left hind leg.

RESULTCompared with the sham-operated group, the Huogu II formula group showed decrease in the ratio of empty lacuna and increase in vessel area, number of BrdU positive cells and SDF-1 level. In comparison with the model group, the Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix group displayed decreasing empty lacuna ratio and increasing vessel area at the 4th week and increasing SDF-1 at the 2nd week; the Platycodonis Radix group revealed a notably increasing empty lacuna ratio and a sharp decrease in the number of BrdU positive cells at 4th week; Asari Radix et Rhizoma and Angelicae Dubescentis Radix groups showed no remarkable change.

CONCLUSIONHuogu II formula can promote the directional homing of bone marrow stem cell to the necrosis area. Channel ushering drug achyranthes can further boost above effects of Huogu II formula.

Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; Bromodeoxyuridine ; metabolism ; Chemokine CXCL12 ; metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Femur Head Necrosis ; blood ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Gene Expression Regulation ; drug effects ; Humans ; Leukocyte Count ; Male ; Rabbits ; Stem Cells ; cytology ; drug effects

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of triptolide on proliferation and regulation of ras-MAPKs pathway in human fibroblast-like synoviocytes of rheumatoid arthritis (RA-HFLS) treated with tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha).

METHODRA-HFLS were cultured with TNF-alpha in the presence or absence of variable doses of triptolide (0.28, 2.8, 28, 140 nmol x L(-1)) in vitro. Cell proliferation was evaluated by MTS assay. The phosphorylation status of Ras-MAPKs-associated proteins (Ras, p-P38, p-ERK and p-JNK) were detected by Western blot analysis.

RESULTTriptolide could obviously decrease the RA-HFLS viability in a dose-dependent manner and the inhibition ratio was 0.28%, 5.05%, 30.83% and 43.77% respectively. In addition, triptolide could also suppressed the expression of Ras, p-P38, p-ERK and p-JNK.

CONCLUSIONTriptolide has an notable inhibiting effect on proliferation of RA-HFLS and the molecule mechanism is due in part to the direct suppression of abnormal activation of Ras-MAPKs pathway.

Animals ; Cell Line ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Diterpenes ; pharmacology ; Epoxy Compounds ; pharmacology ; Gene Expression Regulation ; drug effects ; MAP Kinase Signaling System ; drug effects ; Mice ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ; metabolism ; Phenanthrenes ; pharmacology ; Synovial Membrane ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; pharmacology ; ras Proteins ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo use next generation sequencing (NGS) to identify unknown abnormality of chromosome 9 in a fetus and explore its mechanism.

METHODSA pregnant woman with abnormal fetal ultrasound finding underwent amniocentesis for G-banded chromosomal analysis. Karyotyping was also performed on peripheral blood samples derived from its parents. Fetal blood sample was obtained for NGS testing to identify abnormality unrecognized by karyotyping.

RESULTSAnalysis of amniocytes has revealed a 46,XX,der(9)(?::p21 to qter) karyotype, while both parents had a normal karyotype. NGS analysis of the fetus revealed a 20.67 Mb duplication (4 454 279-25 126 275) at 9p21.3p24.2, which overlapped with that of the 9p duplication syndrome, and a 4.43 Mb deletion at 9p24.2p24.3 (10 001-4 442 364), which partially overlapped with that of 9p deletion syndrome and 46,XY sex reversal 4 region. Comparison of the sequencing data with reference genome database indicated direct duplication of 9p21.3p24.2, which was also supported by review of the morphology of chromosome 9p. Therefore, the karyotype of the fetus was verified to be 46,XX,der(9) dir dup(9)(p21.3p24.2), del(9)(p24.2p24.3).

CONCLUSIONCombined G-banded karyotyping and NGS can identify dir dup del(9p) with accuracy. Delineation of the mechanism of dir dup del(9p) and its genotype-phenotype correlation may facilitate genetic counseling and estimation of recurrence risk.

Adult ; Chromosome Banding ; Chromosome Deletion ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9 ; genetics ; Female ; Fetal Diseases ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Trisomy ; genetics

Objective To explore the clinical value of intracranial translucency (HT) in open spina bifida at 11-13 +6 weeks of gestation.Methods Abdominal ultrasound was performed in 200 cases of normal fetus and 6 cases of confirmed open spina bifida at 11-13 +6 weeks of gestation to compare the morphology of IT,diencephalon and midbrain.Results Fetal IT was readily recognized in all 200 normal cases,with diencephalons and midbrain showing number "8" shape.In 6 cases of open spina bifida,fetal IT cannot be identified,and the expected " 8" shape of diencephalon and midbrain was distorted.During 11-13 +6 weeks of pregnancy,the fetal brain is caused by intracranial negative pressure,resulting in morphological changes in the intracranial hyaline,diencephalon and mesencephalon.Conclusions Fetal brain characteristics including intracranial translucency and the shape of diencephalon and midbrain in 11-13 +6 weeks gestation are valuable ultrasound screening indicators for opens pina bifida.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of two treating principles and formulas, which are named 'invigorating spleen to remove phlem and promoting blood circulation to remove meridian obstruction' (Jianpi) and 'invigorate the kidney and promoting blood circulation to remove meridian obstruction' (Bushen), on the expression of osteogenic factors in steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (SONFH), such as bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) and transforming growth factor beta1 (TGFbeta1) and Smads, as well as to explore and compare their mechanisms of prevention and treatment of SONFH.

METHODAnimal model of SONFH was established by injection with methylprednisolone in chest muscle on chickens. 48 SONFH chickens were randomly assigned to model, Jianpi and Bushen group. Another 16 normal chickens served as control group. At the 8th and 16th week, the expression of BMP2, TGFbeta1, Smad4 and Smad7 of bilateral femoral heads were detected with immunohistochemistry.

RESULTThe expression of BMP2, TGFbeta1 and Smad4 decreased, and Smad7 increased significantly in model group compared with control group. The expression of BMP2, TGFbeta1, Smad4 increased and Smad7 decreased significantly in Jianpi group at the 8th week compared with model group, and the same changes in Bushen group at the 16th week.

CONCLUSIONBoth Jianpi and Bushen formulas exerted preventive and therapeutic activity on SONFH through regulating the expression of BMP2, TGFbeta1, Smad4 and Smad7 to promote bone repair. Notably Jianpi formula took effect earlier than Bushen formula

Animals ; Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 ; metabolism ; Chickens ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Female ; Femur Head Necrosis ; chemically induced ; metabolism ; pathology ; Methylprednisolone ; Osteogenesis ; drug effects ; Random Allocation ; Smad4 Protein ; metabolism ; Smad7 Protein ; metabolism ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; metabolism