Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the main cause of severe visual impairment in diabetic patients. Most of the existing treatments are aimed at patients with intermediate and advanced stages of vision impairment, and are invasive treatments with limited effects. Therefore, it is urgent for non-invasive new therapies and new targets to prevent the risk of DR or delay the progress of DR. Early optimization of metabolic therapies, which are strict control of blood glucose, blood pressure and blood lipid in the early stage of diabetes, may prevent or improve potential and reversible microangiopathy, however, there is still a lack of comprehensive and effective drug targeted therapy and unified clinical application standards. Therefore, this study summarizes the application of new hypoglycemic drugs and some antihypertensive and lipid-lowering drugs in the prevention and treatment of DR in recent years, in order to provide some reference for the clinical early prevention and treatment of this disease.

Objective To investigate the impact of ampelopsin(AMP)on oxygen glucose deprivation/reperfusion(OGD/R)induced neuronal damage and its mechanism,and to lay a foundation for the study of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain damage.Methods Neurons of newborn SD rats were isolated and cultured in vitro,and they were divided into 5 groups:control group(AMP 0 μmol/L),OGD/R group,low dose AMP group(OGD/R+AMP 20 μmol/L),high dose AMP group(OGD/R+AMP 30 μmol/L)and JAK2/STAT3 activator group(OGD/R+AMP 30 μmol/L+Coumermycin A1 10 μmol/L).CCK-8 method was used to de-tect the cell viability of different treatment groups,the lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)kit was used to detect the cell activity of LDH in the medium,flow cytometry was used to detect the apoptosis rate,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the levels of interleukin-6(IL-6),interleukin-10(IL-10)and tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α),the kit was used to detect the levels of reactive oxygen species(ROS),malondial-dehyde(MDA)and superoxide dismutase(SOD),and Western blotting was used to detect the expression of apoptosis related proteins B-cell lymphoma-2(Bcl-2),Bcl-2 associated X protein(Bax),enzymatic cleavage of cysteine containing aspartate protein hydrolase-3(C-caspase-3),tyrosine kinase 2(J AK2),phosphorylated JAK2(p-JAK2),signal transduction and transcription activating factor 3(STAT3)and phosphorylated STAT3(p-STAT3).Results Compared with the concentration of AMP of 0 μmol/L,the cell viability in con-centration of AMP of 5-30 μmol/L was not obvious different(P＞0.05),when the concentration of AMP was 40 μmol/L,the cell viability decreased obviously(P＜0.05).Compared with the control group,the cell viability,the levels of SOD fluorescence intensity,IL-10 and Bcl-2 in OGD/R group decreased obviously,the LDH activity,cell apoptosis rate,the levels of ROS,MDA,IL-6,TNF-α,Bax,C-caspase-3,p-JAK2/JAK2,and p-STAT3/STAT3 increased obviously(P＜0.05).Compared with OGD/R group,the cell viability,the levels of SOD fluorescence intensity,IL-10 and Bcl-2 in low and high dose AMP groups increased,the LDH activity,cell apoptosis rate,the levels of ROS,MDA,IL-6,TNF-α,Bax,C-caspase-3,p-JAK2/JAK2,and p-STAT3/STAT3 decreased(P＜0.05),and JAK2/STAT3 activator was able to reverse the protective effect of AMP on OGD/R induced neuronal.Conclusion AMP attenuates OGD/R induced neuronal by reducing oxidative stress and inflammatory response,and its mechanism may be related to inhibition of JAK2/STAT3 signal pathway phosphorylation.

Objective:To investigate the effect of resveratrol (Res) on the fat synthesis in the liver cancer HepG2cells, and to elucidate its possible mechanism.Methods:The HepG2cells were cultured in vitro and divided into Res group (treated with 40μmol·L-1 DMSO-diluted Res for 24h) and control group (treated with the same concentration of DMSO for 24h) .The cell supernatant was collected, and the levels of triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) in the cells in various groups were measured by ELISA.The mRNA and protein expression levels of lipase synthase acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC1) , fatty acid synthetase (FASN) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD1) in the cells in various groups were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blotting method.The levels of O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) glycosylation in the cells in various groups were detected by Western blotting method.Results:Compared with control group, the levels of TG and TC in the cells in Res group were decreased, but the difference was not statistically significant (t1=1.886, P＞0.05;t2=2.457, P＞0.05) .Compared with control group, the levels of expressions of ACC1, FASN and SCD1mRNA and proteins in the cells in Res group were significantly decreased (P＜0.05or P＜0.01) ;the O-GlcNAc glycosylation level in the cells in Res group was significantly decreased (t=2.87, P＜0.05) .Conclusion:Res has the effect of inhibiting the fat synthesis in the liver cancer HepG2 cells.Its mechanism may be related to the reduction of cellular O-GlcNAc glycosylation level and the reduction of the expression of FASN.

Microvascular dysfunction is a key pathological mechanism of diabetic retinopathy (DR). In recent years, it has been found that the phenomenon of "metabolic memory" is prevalent in diabetic patients, and diabetic microangiopaplasia cannot be avoided even if patients' blood glucose is well controlled. Therefore, it is necessary to explore DR from a genetic perspective. miR-126 is the unique microRNA specifically expressed in vascular endothelial cells, which is closely related to the formation of neovascularization and can affect the stability of DR microvessels as well as the germination and migration of endothelial cells, and its gene level is significantly negatively correlated with the expression of vascular endothelial cell growth factor. The potential value of intracellular and circulating miR-126 in the regulation of DR microvascular homeostasis, early diagnosis and treatment, and monitoring of disease course has attracted great attention. However, studies in this area are mostly hypothesis-driven and still have some limitations. It is believed that with the rapid development of genomics, the miRNA spectrum and its molecular mechanism in eye development and eye diseases will gradually become clear, which may lead to a breakthrough in the intervention of individual refractory retinal diseases and establish a new miRNA diagnosis and treatment method in the future.

Objective To investigate the influence of WeChat + family centered health intervention on the self-efficacy of elderly hypertensive patients in General clinic. Methods A total of 102 elderly hypertensive patients aged≥60 years in General clinic from February 2017 to July 2017 were enrolled.They were divided into experimental group and control group with the table of random number, with 51 cases in each group. The experimental group used the WeChat+ family centered health intervention model,while the control group adopted the traditional health education model.The changes of blood pressure and self-efficacy were evaluated before intervention, 3 months and 6 months after intervention respectively. Results There were no statistic significant difference in blood pressure and self-efficacy total score between the two groups before intervention(P>0.05). At 3 months after intervention,the blood pressure(systolic pressure/diastolic pressure)of the patients were(144.20±4.60), (80.00±5.00)mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)in the experimental group,those of which were(154.20±7.16), (87.00±3.81)mmHg in the control group,the differences were statistically significant (t=-2.628,-2.490,P<0.05).At 6 months after intervention,the blood pressure(systolic pressure/diastolic pressure)of the patients were(141.60±6.43),(76.00±4.85)mmHg in the experimental group,those of which were(151.60± 5.94),(85.40±4.56)mmHg in the control group,the differences were statistically significant (t=-2.555,-3.158,P<0.05).There were differences in systolic and diastolic pressure in patients with different groups at different time,and the differences were statistically significant(F=18.668,18.174,P<0.01).The total score of self-efficacy at 3 months and 6 months after intervention was(30.14±0.43),(32.56±0.23)points in the experimental group and (28.14 ± 0.15), (29.40 ± 0.19) points in the control group, the difference was statistically significant(t=9.736, 23.819, P<0.05). The differences in the total score of patients′self-efficacy in different groups at different time had statistically significance (F=2 631.551, P<0.01). Conclusions The WeChat+family centered health intervention model can significantly improve the self-efficacy of the elderly patients with high blood pressure in the General clinic.

Objective:To introduce an improved method for reconstruction of thumb by transplanting partial second toe combined with hallucis flap.Methods:Since April, 2015 to December, 2019, 12 thumbs were reconstructed by transplanting partial second toe combined with hallucis flap. The average age of the patients was 28.5 years old. The severity of thumb defect was grade III-V. The compound tissue flap of common vascular pedicle was obtained from the hallux and the partial second toe of the contralateral foot, according to the condition of the defect of thumb. The hallucis flap was rotated transversely and connected with the partial second toe. Make up the characteristics and defects for the reconstructed thumb. The remaining skin and soft tissue of the second toe and the donor area were tiled to cover the wound. The patients were followed-up regularly.Results:All of the 12 transplantations completely survived. Postoperative follow-up period ranged from 6 to 26 months, 14 months in average. Appearances of all reconstructed thumbs and the donor toes was satisfactory. According to the Functional Assessment Criteria of the Upper Limb set by the Hand Surgery Society of Chinese Medical Association, the outcomes were graded excellent in 9 cases and good in 3 cases. All patients were able manage daily activities and living independently. Shape and function of donor foot were good.Conclusion:Part of the second toe combined with the hallucis flap transfer for thumb reconstruction may effectively improve the appearance of the reconstructed thumb. The reconstructed thumb is symmetrical, good in shape and satisfactory in function.

Confusional arousal (CA) is a rare non-rapid eye movement sleep-related parasomnia and rarely reported in China, leading to misdiagnosis and mistreatment in clinic. A detailed collection of clinical symptoms and simultaneous video polysomnography is very important for diagnosis and differential diagnosis of CA. A elderly patient with CA was diagnosed according to the International classification of sleep disorders, third edition diagnostic criteria. The summary and analysis of the patient is conducted to improve the understanding of CA, meanwhile to avoid misdiagnosis and mistreatment.

AIM: To explore the current status, research hotspots, and trends of global uveitis research to provide a theoretical basis and references for researchers in the field of uveitis, and promote further development in this area.METHODS: Relevant literatures on uveitis were retrieved from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI)database, Wanfang database, and Web of Science core collection database since their establishment until 24 August 2023. The country/publishing institutions, research authors, high-frequency keywords, and burst keywords were visual analyzed by using software such as GraphPad Prism 9, CiteSpace 6.2. R2, and VOSviewer.RESULTS: Research teams for uveitis have been formed in various countries globally. The top three countries in terms of publications are the United States of America(7 585 papers), the United Kingdom(2 412 papers)and Germany(1 679 papers). The top three foreign institutions in terms of publications are Harvard University, Oregon Health & Science University, and Moorfields Eye Hospital, while the top three domestic institutions are Affiliated Eye Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, and Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University. The analysis of high-frequency keywords and burst keywords in Chinese and English shows that research hotspots mainly focus on exploring pathogenesis and different treatment methods for uveitis. The research hotspots related to uveitis treatment are transitioning to molecular biology-related research topics, such as molecular biological signaling pathways(NF-κB signaling pathway with a strength value of 22.89), biological agents(adalimumab with a strength value of 32.21), and tumor necrosis factor(with a strength value of 48.44). Related research is also expanding to basic experiments on relevant rats.CONCLUSIONS: In recent years, the research hotspots and trends of global uveitis mainly focus on precise diagnosis, pathogenesis, and more effective treatment methods. It is important for more scholars to dedicate themselves to uveitis-related research in the future to make breakthroughs and progress in the field. More large-scale and multicenter clinical studies on uveitis can provide high-quality research evidence.