Objective:In Shanghai Advanced Proton Therapy Facility (SAPT) of Ruijin Hospital Proton Therapy Center, the calculation accuracy of the commercial proton treatment planning system RayStation (V10), especially the accuracy of the proton range calculation, was measured and verified, aiming to provide reference for the clinical application of the treatment planning system.Methods:A head phantom was used to verify the calculation accuracy of RayStation. The phantom CT was imported into treatment planning system (TPS). The phantom was followed closely by a water tank with a one-liter cubic target. A single field verification plan with the prescribed dose of 200 cGy (relative biological effectiveness) was designed and implemented. Then, the measured distribution results were compared with the calculation results.Results:When the verification plan of the phantom was designed with the default settings of RayStation, the measured longitudinal dose distribution was approximately 4 mm deeper than that of TPS, indicating that RayStation overestimated the water equivalent thickness (WET) of the tissue substitute materials in the phantom. To study the range error, the actual beam was used to measure the WET of the soft tissue substitute material. The default setting of RayStation was fine-tuned according to the measured results. It was found that the error between the measured SOBP and TPS calculations was reduced to only 2 mm.Conclusions:Using the default setting of RayStation to calculate the stopping power of the phantom may cause a large range error. A method that combines tissue segmentation with the measured WET of the tissue substitute material is proposed to improve the range calculation accuracy of the TPS. The results show that the proposed method can improve the dose and range accuracy of the commercial TPS including RayStation for tissue substitute materials.

Objective:To calculate the single-event dose-averaged specific energy of particles delivered in spherical domains based on the track structure model and using triple integration, and to investigate the influence of the domain shape on the key model parameters of microdosimetric kinetic model (MKM) and its corresponding physical significance.Methods:The domains are assumed to be cylinders and spheres, respectively. With α 0, domain radius, rd, and nucleus radius, Rn, as undetermined coefficients, the nuclear charge numbers, kinetic energies and their corresponding LETs of three kinds of charged particles ( 3He, 12C, 20Ne) as independent variables, D10 as dependent variable, the mean value of squared residuals, J2, between the D10 calculated values and D10 experimental values as the optimization objective, the final fitting values of the above undetermined coefficients of human salivary gland (HSG) cells and Chinese hamster lung (V79) cells obtained after iteration by the robust least square method are the optimal model parameter values of MKM. Results:For HSG cells, cylindrical domain: α 0=0.073/Gy, rd=0.29 μm, Rn=4.1 μm, J2=0.039 7 Gy 2; spherical domain: α 0=0.023/Gy, rd=0.29 μm, Rn=4.4 μm, J2=0.039 3 Gy 2; For V79 cells, cylindrical domain: α 0=0.114/Gy, rd=0.25 μm, Rn=3.8 μm, J2=0.097 4 Gy 2; spherical domain: α 0=0.095/Gy, rd=0.26 μm, Rn=4.1 μm, J2=0.096 9 Gy 2. Conclusions:For the same type of cells, cylindrical and spherical domains were selected respectively, and there are significant differences in MKM parameters obtained by fitting. The fitting values of the domain radius, rd of the two shapes of domains show no significant difference, while the fitting values of α0 of spherical domains are smaller than those of cylindrical domains, the fitting values of nucleus radius, Rn, of spherical domain are larger than those of cylindrical domains, closer to the nucleus radius observed by fluorescence microscopy. In the low LET (<20 keV/μm) region, D10 calculated according to the parameters of the two different shapes of domains are different, so the selection of the domain shape will cause differences in the relative biological effectiveness(RBE) calculation of proton in the region near Bragg peak.