Eight batches of raw material of pollen preparation——pollen mass have heen investigated in their character,specific pollen rate, abnormal toxicity test and residue of pesticide. These data will avail the quality control of pollen mass and assurance of safety and effect of pollen preparation.

Objective: To study the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) in small cell carcinoma of cervis(SCCC) and its relationship with the clinical and pathological features,so as to predict the metastasis of SCCC,to evaluate the prognosis and to manage a proper treatment. Methods: EnVision two step immunohistochemical method was used to observe the expession of VEGF in the samples of small cell carcinoma of cervis. Results: Four samples were obtained from surgical specimens of the patients with SCCC in our hospital.In all the samples,the expression of VEGF was positive. Conclusion: VEGF is closely related with the oncogenesis and development of SCCC.In the earlier period of SCCC,the lymph node involvement and vascular invasion are common.The aggressive progression of SCCC must have something to do with the highly expression of VEGF.The expression of VEGF can be used as an index in selecting treatment and predicting prognosis of SCCC.

Objective To investigate aberrations of bcl-6,p53,c-myc genes in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and its clinical significance.Methods Interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (I-FISH) was detected in 59 DLBCL patients in vivo tissue bcl-6,p53 protein,c-myc gene status.The patients were treated with CHOP or R-CHOP chemotheralpy,and the survival rates and treatment efficiency were compared.Results The p53 deletion was detected in 18 of the 59 cases (30.5 ％),bcl-6 rearrangement in 11 cases (18.6 ％),5 cases with c-myc rearrangement (8.5 ％).In the aspects of remission rate,p53 deletion positive group contained less advantage than negative ones (33.3 ％ vs 75.6 ％,x2 =9.560,P =0.002).The prognosis of bcl-6 gene rearrangement positive group different from negative group,but the difference was not statistically significant (OS,P =0.107; PFS,P =0.094),p53 deletion positive patients was in significantly worse prognosis than the negative group (OS,P =0.031; PFS,P =0.028),c-myc rearrangement positive group difference in gene rearrangement negative group,but the difference was not statistically significant (OS,P =0.163; PFS,P =0.167).In the CHOP group,prognosis of p53 deletion,c-myc rearrangement positive group were significantly worse than the negative group,the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).In R-CHOP group,the prognostic significance of bcl-6 gene rearrangement positive group were worse (OS,P =0.003; PFS,P =0.007).Conclusion DLBCL patients with bcl-6,p53,c-myc genes aberrations are related with poor prognosis,and they can be used as prognostic factors for predicting DLBCL and guiding therapy.

Objective To investigate the common chromosome abnormalities in the patients with multiple myeloma and the relationships of cytogenetic abnormalities and clinical features. Methods The interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (I-FISH) analysis method was designed to detect RB1-/13q14-and 14q32 rearrangements in 49 MM patients. The statistic value of its effect on clinical features were determined. Results FISH disclosed 14q32 translocations in 26 of the 40 (53.1%) patients. 25 out of the 49 (51.02 %) cases were found with deletion of chromosome 13q14 included del(RB1) in 9 (18.4 %) and del(13q14.3) in 18 (36.7 %). 13q14 deletion and 14q32 translocation were simultaneously observed in 18 (36.7 %) cases. Spearman correlation analysis were found associated of 14q32 rearrangement with the percentage of plasma cells in bone marrow (r=0.316, P=0.27). Conclusion The frequency of 13q14 deletion and 14q32 gene translocation in multiple myeloma are high. There is a significant correlation between the presence of 14q32 translocations and chromosome 13 abnormalities in MM patients. The percentage of 14q32 translocation in plasma cells was increased significantly. The 14q32 translocation is an independent prognostic factor.

Objective:To observe the dynamic variation of serum ferritin (SF), folic acid, and vitamin B_(12) levels in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) at different disease stages. Methods:Serum SF, folic acid and vitamin B_(12) levels were successively tested in thirty-six patients with primary APL every 1 to 3 months by using chemiluminescence analysis. Five different disease stages were selected as dynamic observation time points: first diagnosed, first complete remission (CR1), six months after CR1, relapsed stage,and CR1 for three years. Results:There were 75.0%(27/36)of patients with abnormal high levels of SF, 77.8% (28/36)of patients with abnormal low levels of folic acid, and 100%(36/36)of patients with increased vitamin B_(12) levels in first diagnosed stage. The number of patients with abnormal variations of SF, folic acid and vitamin B_(12) level was decreased in CR1 stage compared with those in first diagnosed stage (SF: P<0.05;folic acid and vitamin B_(12): P<0.01). The serum SF, folic acid and vitamin B_(12) levels tended to recover step by step with chemotherapy. At six months after CR1 the three parameters of most patients recovered to normal levels. APL was relapsed in 4 patients after 1-year CR. Both SF and vitamin B_(12) levels were increased and the folic acid level was decreased compared with those before replase, but the difference had no significance (P>0.05). The serum SF, folic acid and vitamin B_(12) levels were in normal ranges in the patients who had 3-year CR. Conclusion:The serum SF, folic acid and vitamin B_(12) levels had dynamic variation in APL course. Increase in serum SF and vitamin B_(12) as well as decrease in folic acid are related with the active degree of APL and its tumor load.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effects of combined fixation with splints and plaster after closed reduction for the treatment of distal fractures of radius in elderly patients

METHODSFrom January 2009 to January 2011, 122 patients with distal fractures of radius were treated by the united fixation with splints and plaster after closed reduction. There were 43 males and 79 females, ranging in age from 60 to 86 years with an average of 74 years. Among the patients, traffic accident injury was in 12 cases and fall injury was in 109 cases; all fractures were closed, the time form injury to visit was for 30 min to 7 days. The X-rays, wrist pain, functional status, range of motion and grasp force of patients were observed at follow-up. Cooney modified Green-O'Brien standard was used to evaluate the clinical effects.

RESULTSAll the patients were followed up from 3 months to 2 years with an average of 15.4 months. Re-displacement occurred in 8 cases (including 4 cases radial displacement, 3 cases dorsal displacement, 1 case palmaris displacement) and re-reduction occurred in 4 cases, surgical treatment was in 2 cases, refused to reset or surgical treatment in 2 cases. Radial shorten in 13 cases middle-later period. All fractures obtained healed. According to the Green-O'Brien standard, 46 cases got excellent results, 65 good, 6 fair, and 5 poor.

CONCLUSIONThe combined fixation with splints and plaster after closed reduction is a effective method in treatment of distal fractures of radius in elderly patients, which can more overcome redisplacement of distal fractures of radius, recover function of wrist joint.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Casts, Surgical ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Manipulation, Orthopedic ; Middle Aged ; Radius Fractures ; therapy ; Splints

To investigate the N-glycosylation characteristics of recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) produced by an industrial Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line that is currently used in a large scale manufacturing process, we cultured this cell strain in static mode. The produced rhEPO in the culture supernatant was analyzed using isoelectric focusing (IEF) and Ricinus communis agglutinin-I (RCA-I) lectin precipitation. The lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and sialidase activity in the serum-free supernatant were assayed as well. The analyses revealed that this cell strain could produce rhEPO with high sialic acid content, but during prolonged culture, cell viability decreased with time whilst the activity of sialidase present in the supernatant increased. The loss in rhEPO quality was due to a decrease in terminal sialic acid on the N-glycans, caused by sialidase degradation. The methods and findings in this paper serve as basis for further investigation of industrial production process.
Animals ; CHO Cells ; metabolism ; Cell Culture Techniques ; methods ; Cricetinae ; Cricetulus ; Erythropoietin ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; metabolism ; Genetic Engineering ; Humans ; N-Acetylneuraminic Acid ; metabolism ; Neuraminidase ; metabolism ; Proteolysis ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective To optimize the extraction process of Xuetong capsules and establish its quality control method. Methods The extraction process was optimized by orthogonal experiment using ethanol reflux method to investigate the effects of different factors on diphenylstilbene, aloin and extraction yield. The content of 5 anthraquinone compounds in Xuetong capsule was determined by HPLC. Results The optimal extraction process was to add 10 times ethanol, with an ethanol concentration of 70%, and extract 3 times, each time for 1 h; 5 components had a good linear relationship with peak area within a certain concentration range, r>0.999 7; The range of sample recovery rate was 93.66%-96.85%, RSD range of 1.48%-1.66%. The content determination results of the 5 components in three batches of Xuetong capsules were （0.632-0.641）, （0.660-0.681）, （1.968-1.991）, （2.547-2.580）, and （1.076-1.101） mg/g. Conclusion The method was accurate, reproducible, and highly feasible, which could be references for producing and improving the quality control standards of Xuetong capsules.

Objective: To investigate clinicopathological features of carcinoma showing thymus-like elements (CASTLE) in the head and neck regions. Methods: Clinicopathological data of 7 patients with CASTLE in the head and neck regions were retrospectively reviewed.Immunohistochemical staining and in situ hybridization for EBER were performed. BRAF^V600E mutation was examined by ARMS method in 6 cases. Results: There were 5 females and 2 males with age between 49 and 78 years (average of 65.6 years). All tumors were solitary nodular lesions with an infiltrative border, including 6 intrathyroid tumors and 1 extrathyroid tumor in the laryngeal pharynx.The tumors were 1.7-4.1 cm in diameter (average of 3.0 cm). Four cases demonstrated lymph node metastasis.All patients were alive without metastasis during follow-up, except one consultation case (with FNA sample) developed recurrence at the primary site. The cases showed different immunoreaction to CD5, diffuse immunoreaction with p63, CK5/6 and CD117, but negative staining for TTF1, TG and calcitonin. One case showed positive immunoreaction with Synin less than 30% tumor cells. The Ki-67 labeling index was between 3% and 90%. No BRAF^V600E mutation and EB virus infection were detected. Conclusions Extrathyroid CASTLE involving laryngeal pharynx shows the similar morphological and immunohistochemical features with intrathyroid CASTLE.Immunohistochemical markers of CD5 and CD117 are helpful in the diagnosis. Ki-67 labeling index can be high in CASTLE, especially in lymphoepithelioma type. CD5-negative CASTLE may have neuroendocrine differentiation. BRAF^V600E mutation and EB virus may not be involved in the carcinogenesis of CASTLE.

Background/Aims: Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric cancers (EBVaGCs) have unique molecular and clinicopathological characteristics. The cyclic GMP-AMP synthase-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway is recently recognized as the critical innate immunity against pathogens and tumors. STING is also a master regulator in the cancer-immunity cycle and targeting STING could synergize with existing immune-checkpoint therapies. However, the role of STING in GC, especially in EBVaGC, and its correlation with programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) remain largely unclear. Methods: We collected 78 cases of EBVaGCs and 210 cases of EBV-negative GC (EBVnGC) from a total of 1,443 cases of GC analyzed by EBV-encoded small RNA in situ hybridization. We investigated STING and PD-L1 expression and their concomitant prognostic value in EBVaGCs and EBVnGCs using tissue microarray and immunohistochemistry. The effects of STING and PD-L1 expression on the overall survival of patients with EBVaGC or EBVnGC were assessed by univariate and multivariate analysis. Results: We found that both STING and PD-L1 exhibited significantly higher expression in the EBVaGCs than that in the EBVnGCs. The expression of STING was positively correlated with that of PD-L1 in EBVaGCs. Simultaneous negative expression of STING and PD-L1, and positive expression of STING were independent prognostic risk factors for EBVaGC and EBVnGC, respectively. Conclusions This is the first prognostic retrospective study of STING and PD-L1 expression and the prognosis among EBVaGC and EBVnGC. The expression and prognostic value of STING and PD-L1 are different in the two types of GCs. STING and PD-L1 are promising prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for EBVaGC and EBVnGC.