Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of ciprofloxacin (Cipro) conjugated with 11 poly-arginine peptide (R11) on rabbit model with bacterial cystitis (BC). Methods 50 New Zealand rabbits of 4-month old were chosen to establish the models and evenly divided into 5 groups randomly : Group A: normal control; Group B: intravesical instillation (II) of R11; Group C: II of Cipro; Group D: II of R11-Cipro; Group E: intravenous injection of Cipro. Several parameters were observed which included: urinary frequency, positive rate of urine culture, histopathological analysis of cystitis stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Results Severe inflammatory responses and massive infiltration of inflammatory cells were observed after the models were established. R11-Cipro group was better than intravenous injection of Cipro group in treating cystitis (P < 0.05). R11-Cipro group was better than the other four groups in urinary frequency and urine culture. Conclusions Intravesical instillation of R11-Cipro demonstrated significant therapeutic effect on bacterial cystitis. R11 , as an efficient vector, could deliver specific antibiotics to bladder mucosa precisely and function well locally.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of placing double J stent using a ureteroscope in early managing ureterovaginal fistula.Methods Twenty-eight patients cases with ureterovaginal fistula from 2002 to 2008 were treated early with placing double J stent using a ureteroscope and the clinical data were reviewed.Results Twenty-two of 28 cases were treated and double J stent was placed in them by a uretero-scope and 75% (21/28)of cases were cured.Four of 21 cases were treated twice by a ureteroscope and were cured finally.7 cases with failure ureterovaginal treatment underwent ureterocystostomy and were cured.The follow-up from 6 months to 33 months (average 10.1±6.4 months)showed that all of the 28 cases had been cured and had no urinary fistula.Conclusion Placing double J stent using a ureteroscope is the first choice of operative procedure for the early treatment of ureterovaginal fistula.

BACKGROUND:Culture condition,isolation method and efficiency are different in reported human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells,which lack of unified identification standards.Therefore,it is necessary to establish a high-efficiency and economical culture system for human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem calls(hUCMSCs).OBJECTIVE:To isolate hUCMSCs and induced differentiate into adipocytes and osteblasts.METHODS:The hUCMSCs were isolated form human umbilical cord by tissue adherence and digested with collagenase.The morphology,proliferation and immunophenotype of the 3rd passage cells were analyzed,and then cells were induced to osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation in vitro.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The hUCMSCs isolated from human umbilical cord by tissue adherence and digested with collagenase could be cultured and proliferated in vitro.Flow cytometry analysis revealed that the hUCMSCs were positive for CD29 CD44,CD59,CD105,but were negative for CD40,CD86 and HLA-DR.These calls could be induced to differentiate into adipocytes and osteblasts under proper inducing conditions.The hUCMSCs retained the appearance and phenotype even after being expanded more than 40 passages in vitro.This confirmed that the existence of MSCs in human umbilical cord and they had the capacity of differentiating into adipocytes and osteblasts.

OBJECTIVETo compare holmium laser enucleation (HoLEP) versus open prostatectomy (OP) for large volume benign prostatic hyperplasia.

METHODSThe randomized controlled trials (RCTs) pertaining to HoLEP and OP for management of large volume benign prostatic hyperplasia were retrieved from Medline and Embase. Meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.0 software.

RESULTSThree RCTs were included in the analysis. No significant differences were found in IPSS or Qmax between HoLEP and OP (P>0.05). Compared with OP, HoLEP was associated with significantly less blood loss, a shorter catheterization time and a shorter hospital stay, but a longer operating time. HoLEP and OP were similar in terms of urethral stricture, stress incontinence, transfusion requirement and the rate of reintervention.

CONCLUSIONHoLEP and OP have similar therapeutic effects in the management of large volume benign prostatic hyperplasia. Although with a longer operating time and less resected tissue, HoLEP causes less blood loss and requires a shorter catheterization time and a shorter hospital stay. HoLEP has a comparable safety to OP in terms of the adverse events.

Humans ; Lasers, Solid-State ; adverse effects ; Male ; Prostatectomy ; adverse effects ; methods ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; surgery ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic

Objective To explore the distribution and characteristics of initial PSA and PSA velocity in men younger than years without prostate cancer. Methods PSA in men younger than 50 years without prostate cancer from January 2001 to November 2009 were retrieved retrospectively from our computer center. PSA velocity was calculated if their PSA was measured twice or more. The distributions of initial PSA and PSA velocity were analyzed. The correlations between initial PSA, initial PSA age, and PSA velo-city were also analyzed. Kaplan-meier and log-rank tests were used to estimate the significant difference at the risk of PSA≥ 2.5 ng/ml after initial PSA measurement, stratified by median initial PSA (0.6 ng/ml). Results A total of 4206 men without prostate cancer were included. The median initial PSA value in these men was 0.6 ng/ml. Of these men, 1026 (24.4%), 177 (4.2%), and 90 (2.1%) had an initial PSA≥1.0, ≥2.5, and ≥4.0 ng/ml, respectively. A total of 417 men had their PSA measured these men, 25 (6.0%), 13 (3.1%), and 8 (1.9%) had a PSA velocity≥0.35, ≥0.75, initial PSA age and initial PSA, initial PSA age and PSA velocity, and initial PSA and PSA velocity (correlation coefficient r=0.019, -0.015, and -0.006, respectively; P=0.218, 0.754, and 0.897, respectively). After a follow-up of up to 7.1 years from baseline PSA measurement, the risk of PSA≥2.5 ng/ml, stratified by median initial PSA (0.6 ng/ml) was significantly different (log-rank test, P＜0.001). Conclusions The median baseline PSA and PSA velocity in men younger than 50 years old without prostate cancer are 0.6 ng/ml and 0.03 cancer with an initial PSA higher than median (0.6 ng/ml) have a subsequently higher risk of PSA value ≥2.5 ng/ml.

All samples were divided into three groups and subjected to three different surface treatments, i.e. untreated group, group etched with mixed acid of 1:1 HCl and H2SO4 followed by immersion in 6N NaOH solution at 60 degrees C for 24 h and group etched with mixed acid of 1:1 HCl and H2SO4 followed by immersion in 6N NaOH solution at 60 degrees C for 24 h then heated at 600 degrees C for 1 h. After soaked in simulated body fluid for two weeks, a thin calcium phosphate coatings was precipitated on the surfaces of the two treated samples. Results of SEM and EDX showed that calcium phosphate coatings on the surfaces of the titanium samples etched and heated were more even than the titanium samples etched without heating. The analysis of XRD demonstrated the main component of calcium phosphate coating was hydroxyapatite.
Body Fluids ; chemistry ; Calcium Phosphates ; chemistry ; Coated Materials, Biocompatible ; chemistry ; In Vitro Techniques ; Materials Testing ; Titanium

Objective: To assess clinical effect and safety of botulinum toxin A injection in external urethral sphincter for male patient with neurogenic detrusor underactivity(DU). Methods: A prospective and self-controlled trail was conducted from August 2012 to October 2017. Male patients with nerve injury, dysuria more than 6 months, DU(bladder contractility index less than 100) were enrolled in this study. Exclusion criteria included patients with acute urinary tract infection, bladder stone, benign prostate hyperplasia, urethral stricture and urethral diverticulum.100 IU BTX-A was dissolved in 4ml normal saline, and the solution of BTX- A was injected into 4 different points(3-o’clock, 6-o’clock, 9-o’clock, and 12-o’clock) in external urinary sphincter with each point of 1ml solution. Patients were evaluated at baseline and 12 weeks after injection. The outcomes included post void residual (PVR), maximum flow rate (Q_max), maximum detrusor pressure during voiding phases (P_det.max), maximum urethral closure pressure (MUCP), the case number of intermittent catheterization (IC)and the score of quality of life (QOL score). Adverse events were also recorded. Results: A total of 58 male patients (all from Guangdong provincial work injury rehabilitation hospital)with mean age 28.6 years suffered from cerebral palsy (n=2), cerebrovascular accident(n=19)and spinal cord injury(n=37) were included into the study. Compared to baseline data, significant difference were observed at week 12 in PVR (56.68 ml vs. 280.11 ml, P<0.001), P_det.max(23.95 cmH₂O vs. 30.01 cmH₂O, P=0.019), Q_max(6.74 ml/s vs. 3.28 ml/s, P=0.042), MUCP(48.25 cmH₂O vs. 79.34 cmH₂O, P<0.001), the case number of IC(40 vs. 58, P<0.001) and QOL score(3.63 vs.5.22, P<0.001) respectively. 5 cases developed perineal pain and 16 cases developed mild transient haematuria. These adverse events were disappeared by medical symptomatic treatment during 3-5 days. Conclusions BTX-A externalurethral sphincter injections help reduce urethra resistance and also improve the quality of life for patients with neurogenic detrusor underactivity.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of sub-acute inhalation of 1-bromopropane( 1-BP) on the ultrastructure of cerebral cortex,hippocampus,cerebellum,and brainstem in male rats. METHODS: Specific pathogen free healthy male Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group and exposure group with 6 rats in each group. The rats of exposure group received 1-BP vapor at a concentration of 5 000 mg/m3. The rats in the control group were given fresh air in a dynamic inhalation chamber system for 4 weeks(6 hours/day,5 days/week). After the end of the exposure,the cerebral cortex,hippocampus,cerebellum and brainstem of rats were collected and the ultrastructural changes were observed under transmission electron microscope( TEM). RESULTS: After 3 weeks of exposure to 1-BP,the rats in the exposure group began to have unresponsiveness and decreased muscle strength in hind limbs. The body weight of exposure group was lower than that of control group from the 1 st to the 4 th week( P < 0. 05). TEM results showed destroyed structure of the myelin sheath in the region of cerebral cortex, hippocampus, cerebellum and brainstem, and irregular nucleus, vacuolar degeneration,increased lysosome of endoplasmic reticulum,mitochondrion swelling of neuron cells,karyopyknosis of astrocytes and vacuolation in the neurite of astrocytes located in the blood brain barrier( BBB). CONCLUSION: 1-BP sub-acute inhalation exposure could damage the myelin,neuron,astrocyte and BBB in male rats. The demyelination of nerve fiber and decreased permeability of BBB was particularly noticeable.