This paper focuses on the total cerebral ischemic injury after cardiac arrest (CA), the authors analyze how acupuncture improves neurological impairment and the prognosis after CA from the perspectives of traditional Chinese medicine theory and modern research achievements of acupuncture on Shuigou. It should take into consideration of three factors in both basic and clinical study: the time and link of intervention, mechanism, optimization of stimulating parameters in order to clear the direction of acupuncturing Shuigou improves the neural functional recovery after CA.

Background and purpose:EPHA2 has been reported to enhance the proliferation of gastric cancer cells through promoting CyclinD1 expression and cell cycle progression. However, the underlying mechanism that EPHA2 promotes CyclinD1 expression and cell cycle progression is still poorly understood. Akt/mTOR signaling pathway has been reported to enhance the proliferation of gastric cancer cells by promoting CyclinD1 expression and cell cycle progression, and some studies have shown that EPHA2 can activate Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Based on this, this study investigated whether EPHA2 promoted gastric cancer SGC-7901 cell proliferation through enhancing Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.Methods:Western blot was used to determine the effect of EPHA2 overexpression or knockdown on the phosphorylation of Akt and mTOR in SGC-7901 cells. SGC-7901-NC infected with control lentivi-rus and SGC-7901-EPHA2 cells with EPHA2 overexpression were treated with DMSO, MK2206 (an Akt inhibitor) and RAD001 (a mTOR inhibitor) for different time periods, respectively. Cell proliferation was detected using the CCK8 assay. Cell cycle was detected using lfow cytometry, and the expression of CyclinD1 was determined by Western blot. Results:Overexpression of EPHA2 enhanced Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in SGC-7901 cells, and silencing EPHA2 in SGC-7901 cells inhibited Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. MK2206 and RAD001 antagonized the promoting effect of EPHA2 on the proliferation, S-phase and CyclinD1 expression of SGC-7901 cells, respectively.Conclusion:EPHA2 promotes SGC-7901 cell proliferation through enhancing Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Akt inhibitor or mTOR inhibi-tor could be an effective treatment strategy for gastric cancer patients overexpressing EPHA2.

Objectives To detect the expression and distribution of ubiquitin in neurofibrillary tangles(NFT) and senile plaque neurites in the hippocampal formation of Alzheimer's disease brain and explore the significance of ubiquitin in pathological mechanism of Alzheimer's disease.Methods The expression of ubiquitin in the hippocampal formation of 7 patients with Alzheimer's disease and 5 non-dementia elderly was detected using immunohistochemical technique.Results Neurofibrillary tangles and senile plaque neuritis were labeled by the antibody of ubiquitin in hippocampal formation of Alzheimer's disease brain, but pretangle neurons were not stained. Containing NFT neurons stained by ubiqutin antibody immunoreactive products were distributed more in the CA1 and CA2 (42.13?0.65, 30.57?0.78 respectively)than those in CA3 and CA4 (12.43?0.24?18.34?0.81 respectively)of the hippocampal formation (P

Objective: This study is to investigate the effectiveness of philtrum repairment for-microform cleft lip, using muscle tension line group reconstruction. Methods: This is a retrospective study of 19 consecutively primary microform cleft lip repairment patients, from January 2015 to December 2017. All the patients were provided muscle tension line reconstruction (group 1) or traditional muscle repairment by horizontal mattress sutures (group 2). The philtral ridge and dimple were evaluated by scores. The statistical analyses were performed using unpaired t-test by Prism 6.0 software. Results: The philtral ridge score was higher in group 1 than group 2 (4.15±0.56 vs. 2.73±0.32, P<0.01). The philtral dimple score of group 1 increased either, when compared with group 2 (2.36±0.50 vs.1.45±0.28, P=0.0004). Conclusions Functional reconstruction of philtrum, using muscle tension line group repair, has satisfactory results in philtral ridge and philtral dimple.

Objective: In clinical, cephalic index is the most common method to evaluate scaphocephaly. However, cephalic index alone is not sufficient to describe the nuances of skull shape. The authors hypothesize that the location of euryon could be a valuable and practical index as the supplement of cephalic index to better describe the skull. Methods: This is a retrospective study. CT scans of 17 scaphocephaly patients and 17 normal controls were included. Eight of 17 scaphocephaly patients have 6 months postoperative CT scan. The preoperative location of euryon of scaphocephaly patients was compared to that of the controls and postoperative. The horizontal location of euryon was defined as the ratio of the distance, from the most prominent point of forehead to euryon, to anteroposterior cranial length. The vertical location of euryon was defined as the ratio of the vertical distance, from the nasion to euryon, to cranial height. Results: Both the horizontal and vertical locations of euryon of preoperative scaphocephaly patients were significantly decreased compared to normals (46.50%±4.02% vs. 50.39%±2.21%, t=3.49, P=0.0014; 35.78%±8.62% vs. 52.6%±8.08%, t=5.86, P<0.001). Both the postoperative horizontal vertical locations of euryon were significantly increased, when compared to preoperative (47.25%±4.23% vs. 44.02%±3.72%, t=2.42, P=0.045; 42.39%±9.06% vs. 35.18%±5.36%, t=2.554, P=0.0379). Conclusions The location of euryon could be a practical and valuable index to describe the nuances of skull shape.

Objective: To explore the effect of managing syndromic craniosynostosis using posterior vault distraction osteogenesis. Methods: The authors conducted a retrospective cohort study of four children with syndromic craniosynostosis treated between 2015 January to 2016 March using posterior vault distraction osteogenesis. The posterior craniotomy was performed from vertex, biparietally to a point above the occipital protuberance. Two distraction devices were fixed in the parasagittal, collinear position. After a latency of 3 days, the device was activated at 0.5 mm/day. After the distraction, the consolidation period was about 6 months. Results: The average distraction distance was 27.3 mm(range, 25 to 30 mm). Cerebrospinal fluid leak happened in one patient. After taken the 3D CT scan, all of them were undertaken the second operation of removing the distraction devices. All the patients were followed up at a mean of 12.8 months (range, 7 to 20 months). Conclusions It is effective to enlarge the posterior cranial vault using distraction osteogenesis for the syndromic craniosynostosis.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to measure intracranial volumes in normal children of different ages and to explore the growth of intracranial volumes. Methods: A total of 151 normal children (male, 96; female, 55) were included in this study who were subjected to computed tomography (CT) for head trauma in the pediatric emergency room from June 1, 2015 to July 31, 2015. All of them had no congenital deformities and depressed fracture of the skull. Total, anterior, middle and posterior intracranial volumes were measured using a DICOM viewer. The Graphad Prism 6.0 was applied to analyze the data and plot the best fit logarithmic growth curve and liner regression and the comparison of the growth curves between different groups was done. Results: The intracranial volumes had a rapid growth within 2 years old. The girls′ total intracranial volumes were smaller than the boys′ of the same age. There was a significant difference of linear regression slope between anterior intracranial volumes and posterior intracranial volumes within 2 years old (P<0.01). Conclusions There is a rapid growth of intracranial volumes of normal children within 2 years old. The posterior intracranial volumes are expanded faster than the anterior intracranial volumes in the first two years. The girls′ intracranial volumes are smaller than the boys′.

Liposomal Brucine (LB) with high encapsulation efficiency (72%) and small particle diameter (mean particle diameter, 54 nm) was prepared by ethanol-dripping method. The safety and pharmacodynamic action of LB, a new transdermal preparation, were investigated in details with the use of white rabbits, guinea-pigs and mice, respectively. The tests revealed that LB had no acute toxicity to integral and broken skin, and had no allergic effects on skin. In writhing test, the analgesic effect of LB was higher than that of free brucine. The anti-inflammatory activity of LB was significantly higher than that of free brucine (P<0.01). Meanwhile, LB exhibited a better dose-response manner and a longer duration of analgesic effects. In conclusion, LB could reduce the toxicity of brucine, enhance the analgesic and antiinflammatory effects of brucine, and achieve its sustained-release.
Administration, Cutaneous ; Analgesics ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Female ; Guinea Pigs ; Liposomes ; chemistry ; Male ; Mice ; Rabbits ; Skin ; drug effects ; Strychnine ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; toxicity ; Toxicity Tests, Acute

Objective:To summarize the surgery effect of tongue volume reduction for macroglossia patients with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS).Methods:The clinical data of children diagnosed as BWS based on clinic symptoms and gene tests, who received operation in Department of Plastic Surgery, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University from July 2012 to December 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. All the patients underwent dorsal tongue bell-shaped resection and ventral V-shaped resection. By pulling tongue tip, the tongue body was cut and dissected along the marking line followed by suturing the muscle layer of the central part of the tongue tissue. Intermittent mattress suture of the dorsal and ventral mucous wounds of the tongue. After operation, all patients kept the trachea intubation and were transferred to PICU for further treatment and received early nasal feeding. The short-term postoperative complications, and long-term follow-up of the tongue body shape and clinical symptoms were recorded.The clinical effect was evaluated by onesurgeon and the parents.The effect was graded into four levels: dissatisifaction, average, satisifaction and great satisifaction.Results:A total of 61 children were included in this study, including 30 males and 31 females, with an average age of 8.5 months. The length of the tongue exposed outside at the resting state was 1.34-2.62 cm, with a median of 1.87 cm. Symmetric hypertrophy was found in 52 cases (85.2%), lateral hypertrophy in 9 cases (14.8%). There were 3 cases with respiratory obstruction (4.9%), 35 cases with salivation (57.4%), 4 cases suffering difficulty of feeding and dysphagia (6.6%). All children underwent the operation successfully, and the average operation time was 35.8 min. Among the short-term complications, there were 3 ventral wounds dehiscence, none of which needed sutured again. By prolonging nasal feeding time, the wounds were all healed in the secondary stage. Respiratory obstruction occurred in 1 patient after operation, and the symptoms were relieved after tongue retraction. The mean follow-up time was 3.3 years (2 months to 7 years), and 1 patient was inadequately corrected and good condition was got after second aryoperation. The remaining children obtained satisfactory resting tongue position and appearance, and the postoperative clinical symptoms were improved. In the long-term follow-up, the comprehensive evaluation results of the resting tongue position and clinical symptoms of the children by surgeon and parents were satisfied in 10 cases (16.4%), very satisfied in 50 cases (82.0%), and average in 1 case (insufficient correction after the first operation).Conclusions:Central resection and volume reduction of tongue body is a simple, effective and safe surgical technique in children with giant tongue diagnosed as BWS.

Objective:To summarize the surgery effect of tongue volume reduction for macroglossia patients with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS).Methods:The clinical data of children diagnosed as BWS based on clinic symptoms and gene tests, who received operation in Department of Plastic Surgery, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University from July 2012 to December 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. All the patients underwent dorsal tongue bell-shaped resection and ventral V-shaped resection. By pulling tongue tip, the tongue body was cut and dissected along the marking line followed by suturing the muscle layer of the central part of the tongue tissue. Intermittent mattress suture of the dorsal and ventral mucous wounds of the tongue. After operation, all patients kept the trachea intubation and were transferred to PICU for further treatment and received early nasal feeding. The short-term postoperative complications, and long-term follow-up of the tongue body shape and clinical symptoms were recorded.The clinical effect was evaluated by onesurgeon and the parents.The effect was graded into four levels: dissatisifaction, average, satisifaction and great satisifaction.Results:A total of 61 children were included in this study, including 30 males and 31 females, with an average age of 8.5 months. The length of the tongue exposed outside at the resting state was 1.34-2.62 cm, with a median of 1.87 cm. Symmetric hypertrophy was found in 52 cases (85.2%), lateral hypertrophy in 9 cases (14.8%). There were 3 cases with respiratory obstruction (4.9%), 35 cases with salivation (57.4%), 4 cases suffering difficulty of feeding and dysphagia (6.6%). All children underwent the operation successfully, and the average operation time was 35.8 min. Among the short-term complications, there were 3 ventral wounds dehiscence, none of which needed sutured again. By prolonging nasal feeding time, the wounds were all healed in the secondary stage. Respiratory obstruction occurred in 1 patient after operation, and the symptoms were relieved after tongue retraction. The mean follow-up time was 3.3 years (2 months to 7 years), and 1 patient was inadequately corrected and good condition was got after second aryoperation. The remaining children obtained satisfactory resting tongue position and appearance, and the postoperative clinical symptoms were improved. In the long-term follow-up, the comprehensive evaluation results of the resting tongue position and clinical symptoms of the children by surgeon and parents were satisfied in 10 cases (16.4%), very satisfied in 50 cases (82.0%), and average in 1 case (insufficient correction after the first operation).Conclusions:Central resection and volume reduction of tongue body is a simple, effective and safe surgical technique in children with giant tongue diagnosed as BWS.