AIM: To establish a HPLC-ELSD method for determination of astragaloside in Yiganning Granules. METHODS: The HPLC-ELSD with the Agilent C 18 column (4.6 mm?250 mm, 5 ?m) was used. The mobile phase was methanol-water (75∶25) at a flow rate of 1.0 mm?min -1 and the detector was SEDEX75. RESULTS: There was a good linear correlation in the range of 0.5984-2.3936?g. The recovery was 95.41% (RSD=1.1%, n=5). CONCLUSION: The method is proved to be precise、reproducibility and reliable. It is suitable for determination of astragaloside.

BACKGROUND: Endothelin and nitrogen monoxide (NO) which are regarded as a pair of factors to maintain equilibrium between vascular stress and hemodynamics have different responses during various diseases. It is the key point for the treatment of atherosclerosis to find out the effect and pathophysiological mechanism of hyperlipemia on endothelial cells, and seek the methods and drugs for protecting vascular endothelin.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of herbal cake-separated moxibustion on contents of plasma endothelin and NO and analyze its regulative mechanism.DESIGN: Randomized controlled animal study.SETTING: College of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.MATERIALS: A total of 60 healthy New Zealand white rabbits weighing 1.5-2.5 kg of both genders were selected in this study. Herbal cake was made of danshen, shanzha, yujin, dahuang and zexie, which were crushed into powder according to a certain ratio. Then, vinegar was added to make paste which was 5-8 mm in diameter and 2-3 mm in depth. Moxa cone:(Shenjiu 300) was provided by Suzhou Dongfang Airong Factory (type:Dongfang I; batch number: 20021212).METHODS: The experiment was carried out in the Experimental Animal Center of Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine between November 2003 and October 2004. All rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups: blank control group, hyperlipemia model group, direct moxibustion group and herbal cake-separated moxibustion group with 15 in each group. Except blank control group, rabbits in other three groups were fed with high fat forage to establish hyperlipemia models. Two groups of acupoints were acupunctured alternatively: Group Ⅰ: Juque (CV14), Tianshu (ST25) at bilateral sides, and Fenglong (ST 40) at bilateral sides; Group Ⅱ:Xinshu(BL15),Ganshu(BL18) and Pishu(BL20), at bilateral sides respectively.On the first day, moxa cone was directly adherent to acupoints of rabbits in direct moxibustion group and lighten for acupuncture, but in herbal cakeseparated moxibustion group, moxa cone which was gotten rid of the carriage was adherent to herbal cake which was put on acupoints and lighted for acupuncture. Each acupoint was acupunctured for 4 successive dosages for once a day. On the next day, the other group of acupoints was acupunctured.The course was 40 days. Rabbits in other two groups were not treated with any ways. On the 41st day, contents of plasma endothelin and NO were measured in each group with radio-immunity method and nitrate-reductase reduction method, respectively.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Contents of plasma endothelin and NO of rabbits after 40-day treatment.RESULTS: Five rabbits died because of diarrhoea or other reasons, including 2 in blank control group, 1 in model group, 1 in direct moxibustion group and 1 in herbal cake-separated moxibustion group. Therefore, 55 rabbits were involved in the final analysis. ① Content of plasma endothelin was lower in herbal cake-separated moxibustion group than that in model group [(431.57±63.68), (500.14±75.41) ng/L, P ＜ 0.05], but there was no significant difference between herbal cake-separated moxibustion group and direct moxibustion group [(431.57±63.68), (429.08±77.07) ng/L, P ＞ 0.05]. ② On NO content, there was an increasing tendency of model group ＜ blank group ＜ herbal cake-separated moxibustion group ＜ direct moxibustion, but there was no significant difference between any two groups [(27.17±16.55),(29.39±13.24), (30.24±20.25), (30.47±19.62) μmol/L, P ＞ 0.05].CONCLUSION: Effects of both two methods of moxibustion in the rabbits with hyperlipemia on content of endothelin are significant and similar, but there are no significant effects on NO content.

Action Potentials ; Animals ; Ear, Inner ; blood supply ; Facial Nerve ; physiopathology ; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural ; etiology ; Rabbits

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the injuring and rehabilitation of lower cranial nerve after surgery of jugular foramen tumors. METHOD: The lower cranial nerve functions were analyzed retrospectively in 32 cases with jugular foramen tumors in the past six years, including 12 jugular glomus, 10 schwannomas, three meningiomas, one cholesteatoma, two giant cell tumors, one fibromatosis, one chondromyxosarcoma, one adenoid cystic carcinoma and one embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma. All patients received surgical procedures. Total tumor removal was achieved in 30 cases, subtotal and partial resection were performed on one case respectively. RESULT: One case was died of intracranial bleeding after surgery, the other 31 were followed-up with a period from one to six years. Normal lower nerve functions were observed in five cases and new nerve deficits were observed in eight cases. Eighteen cases with poor nerve functions before surgery experienced additional nerve injuring manifestations. Eight cases received tracheotomy in perisurgical period, in which three were transient and five went home with tubes. Twenty cases were compensated well after a short period, and six cases failed to compensate. With a long-term follow-up for these six patients, three cases had well functional rehabilitation, two were partially compensated, and one was decompensated. CONCLUSION Lower cranial nerve dysfunction was the most common complication after jugular foramen tumor surgery. Preoperative nerve function evaluations, protection of nerve during surgery and early postoperative functional rehabilitation training were the key to better prognosis.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Cranial Nerve Injuries ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Cranial Nerve Neoplasms ; surgery ; Cranial Nerves ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Jugular Veins ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neurosurgical Procedures ; adverse effects ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult