OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for determination of ionization equilibrium constant of sildenafil using ultraviolet spectrophotometry.METHODS:Methanol solutions of sildenafil with pH values of 2.26,8.56,9.31,9.83 and 12.38 were respectively scanned at the wavelength within the range of 200nm～400nm.The absorbability and pKa value of sildenafil were determined at the selected wavelength of 280,287,290,295 and 297nm respectively.RESULTS:The pKa value of sildenafil was 9.35?0.02.CONCLUSION:The present method is convenient and practicable.

This article summarizes some methods in teaching physical chemistry,such as inspiring students’ interests and improving teacher’s teaching level. Then,how to enhance the teaching quality of physical chemistry is discussed.

The authors have made an investigation on the conditions of the internet access,the platform for network-aided teaching,the teaching resource and the teaching effect for physical chemistry among 127 pharmacy students of 2008 enrollment.Based on the results of the investigation,an analysis on the current situation and problems of network-aided teaching for this course was performed and recommendations were put forward accordingly.

Through the research training of undergraduate students of pharmacy utilizing medicinal chemistry research platform, not only the undergraduate teaching can be facilitated, but also the creative ability, communications skills, ability to work independently and team spirit of students can be developed,which will be helpful to cultivating high quality pharmacy talents, so as to meet the requirement of today's pharmaceutical companies and research institutes.

OBJECTIVE:To determine the oil-water partition coefficients (logP) of rosiglitazone at different pH values by two kinds of methods.METHODS:A shake flask-ultraviolet spectrophotometry method was used to determine plasma concentration of rosiglitazone in water phase and organic phase at variable pH values (0.95,2.0,3.0,4.0,5.07,5.7,6.55,7.06,7.5,8.15,9.21) to calculate logP by using with n-caprylic alcohol-water as simulation system.Above logP values were compared with that calculated by Pallas software.RESULTS:The logP value was lower than 1 when pH value was lower than 4;the logP value was higher than 1 when pH value was ranged from 5 to 9.Measured logP values were in good agreement with that calculated by Pallas software.CONCLUSION:Rosiglitazone exists in the form of hydrochloride salt with good water solubility (pH

Objective To study the molecular epidemiology of C.albicans isolates in infectious disease patients and to explore biofilm phenotypic characterization responsible for biofilm formation in clinical strains.Methods A total of 104 hospital-acquired C.alibcans clinical isolates collected from sterile sites and mucosal lesions of 92 infectious disease patients ( viral hepatitis, tuberculosis and AIDS) in Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center were analyzed.MLST analysis was performed to identify their phylogenetic status.The capability of biofilm formation was measured by [2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulphenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide] XTT assay.The results were compared using Kruskal-Wallis test.Results MLST analysis identified 63 DSTs with a decentralized phylogeny among 104 C.albicans isolates, of which 41 DSTs (65.1%) had not been reported in the online MLST database.The Single Locus Sequence Query from the C.albicans database identified new alleles.MEGA6 analysis of the MLST data assigned the 104 isolates within 14 of the 18 known clades; among them the clade 1 contained the greatest proportion of isolates (26.9%).Of the 43 novel DSTs isolates, 37 ( 86.0%) clustered within 11 of the 18 known clades.16 high biofilm formers were found from a total of 104 clinical isolates.The biofilm formation capabilities differed in strains isolated from different anatomical sites (H =18.23,P=0.0326).Biofilm formation by blood-originated isolates was lower than that of catheter-originated isolates ( Z=-72.20,P<0.001).Genotypes also affected the biofilm formation capability of the C.albicans isolates (H=10.01,P=0.0185).Conclusions A high level of diversity within C.albicans isolates.Microevlution clearly influences C.albicans genetic alterations upon environmental selection.The site of isolation and genotype associates with the biofilm formation capability.

Objeetive To analyze the clinicopathologic features of proliferative sclerosing IgA nephropathy and the efficacy of prednisone therapy.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted,enrolling 50 patients with biopsy-proven primary proliferative sclerosing IgA nephropathy who were admitted in the Hospital from January 2005 to June 2015-26 males and 24 females,mean age (36.8 ± 10.4) years.Clinicopathologic features and prednisone therapeutic effect were analyzed.Results The clinical manifestations of 50 cases were nephritis syndrome with varying degrees of renal insufficiency,including 32 cases (64.0％) with hypertension,15 cases (30.0％) with microscopic hematuria.Renal biopsy showed the incidence of glomerular global sclerosis was 17.0％-47.2％,tubular atrophy/ interstitial fibrosis outstanding (T0 50％,T1 32％,T2 18％).After prednisone treatment,compared with sustained remission group and relapse group,invalid patients had higher incidence of hypertension (P ＜ 0.05),relatively lower Hb (P ＜ 0.01) and serum albumin,more significant renal dysfunction (P ＜ 0.01),more severe glomerular global sclerosis,segmental sclerosis,tubular atrophy/ interstitial fibrosis,while the lower interstitial inflammatory cell infiltration.During the follow-up,which lasted from 6 to 132 months (median 27.3 months),the effective rate of treatment was 74.0％ after sufficient prednisone or half dose prednisone therapy.Repeated recurrence rate was 32.0％.At the end of the follow-up period,13(26.0％) patients entered the stage of uremia.Conclusions Application of glucocorticoids in the treatment of proliferative sclerosing IgA nephropathy can protect renal function and delay the progression of renal impairment.The efficacy of glucocorticoids therapy is significantly associated with the presence or absence of hypertension,the degree of renal function impairment,and the severity of the onset of renal pathology.

AIM: To observe the anti-inflammatory effect of CQMUH-011 and to explore its mechanism.METHODS: Three kinds of animal models, mouse ear swelling induced by xylene, rat granuloma induced by cotton ball and rat rheumatoid arthritis induced by Freund's complete adjuvant, were established to study the anti-inflammatory effect of CQMUH-011.The ear swelling degree, dry weight of cotton ball granuloma, arthritis index, paw swelling and ankle joint pathological changes were measured to reflect the severity of inflammation.The anti-inflammatory mechanisms of CQMUH-011 were investigated by detecting the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) by ELISA.Malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO) and nitric oxide (NO) were determined by corresponding kits.RESULTS: Treatment with CQMUH-011 significantly decreased TNF-α, IL-6 and NO concentrations, MDA contents and MPO activity in the serum.Meanwhile, Ear swelling degree, dry weight of cotton ball granuloma, arthritis index, paw swelling and ankle joint pathological damage were attenuated.CONCLUSION: CQMUH-011 has an anti-inflammatory effect, which may be related to inhibiting the production of inflammatory factors and attenuating lipid peroxidation.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of the interaction teaching mode integrated with Visible Body virtual anatomy platform in teaching . METHODS: A total of 60 students in the class of 2017 in the discipline of acupuncture-moxibustion and , Xiangnan University were recruited and randomized into an observation group and a control group, 30 students in each one. In the control group, the traditional practical teaching mode was used. In the observation group, the interaction teaching mode integrated with virtual anatomy platform was adopted. The teaching duration was 10 class hours in both groups. After accomplishing the teaching schedule, the practical examination was conducted in the localization of commonly-used acupoints, very useful acupoints and the dangerous acupoints as well as acupuncture manipulation techniques. Moreover, the degree of satisfaction was investigated among the students in the two groups and the self-learning ability was evaluated in 3-month follow-up visit. RESULTS: In the observation group, the scores for the localization and acupuncture manipulation of commonly-used acupoints, very useful acupoints and the dangerous acupoints, as well as the degree of satisfaction of the 3 items, i.e. interesting, interaction and leaning-assistance were all higher than those in the control group (<0.05). The degree of satisfaction in the acceptance and leaning-participation, as well as the scores of self-learning ability in 3-month follow-up visit were not different statistically between the two groups (>0.05). CONCLUSION The interaction teaching mode integrated with virtual anatomy platform improves the effect on teaching and achieves the high student satisfaction.
Acupuncture ; education ; Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Humans ; Meridians ; Moxibustion ; Teaching

Objective To determine the affinities of five oligopeptides specifically binding with DNA binding domain of NF-?B p65 subunit and identify their inhibiting effect on DNA binding activity of NF-?B. Methods By using biosensor the affinities were measured by means of kinetic analysis, and the inhibiting effects were determined by competitive ELISA. Results The results of biosensor showed that all of five oligopeptides really possessed the capability of specific interacting with NF-?B p65 subunit. The affinity constants of these oligopeptides were 2.67?10~ -7 mol/L, 9.02?10~ -6 mol/L, 1.07?10~ -6 mol/L, 8.03?10~ -6 mol/L, 9.83?10~ -7 mol/L respectively. The results of competitive ELISA indicated that five oligopeptides could inhibit NF-?B from binding with ?B motif, and their inhibiting effect depended on their concentration. Conclusion Five oligopeptides that were screened by yeast two-hybrid system method can really interact with p65, and possess the inhibiting effect on DNA binding activity of NF-?B. So it will be possible that these oligopeptides are regarded as model to design and develop novel anti-inflammatory peptide drug targeting NF-?B.