Thymopentin (TP5) and bursopentin (BP5) are both immunopotentiators. To explore whether the TP5-BP5 fusion peptide (TBP5) has adjuvant activity or not, we cloned the TBP5 gene and confirmed that the TBP5 gene in a recombinant prokaryotic expression plasmid was successfully expressed in Escherichia coli BL21. TBP5 significantly promoted the proliferation of thymic and splenic lymphocytes of mice. The potential adjuvant activity of the TBP5 was examined in mice by coinjecting TBP5 and H9N2 avian influenza virus (AIV) inactivated vaccine. HI antibody titers, HA antibodies and cytokines levels (IL-4 and IFN-γ) were determined. We found that TBP5 markedly elevated serum HI titers and HA antibody levels, induced the secretion of both IL-4 and IFN-γ cytokines. Furthermore, virus challenge experiments confirmed that TBP5 contributed to inhibition replication of the virus [H9N2 AIV (A/chicken/Jiangsu/NJ07/05)] from mouse lungs. Altogether, these findings suggest that TBP5 may be an effective adjuvant for avian vaccine and that this study provides a reference for further research on new vaccine adjuvants.
Adjuvants, Immunologic ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Antibodies, Viral ; blood ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Influenza A Virus, H9N2 Subtype ; drug effects ; physiology ; Influenza Vaccines ; immunology ; Interferon-gamma ; immunology ; Interleukin-4 ; immunology ; Lymphocytes ; drug effects ; Mice ; Oligopeptides ; immunology ; Orthomyxoviridae Infections ; drug therapy ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; immunology ; Spleen ; cytology ; Thymopentin ; immunology ; Thymus Gland ; cytology ; Vaccines, Inactivated ; immunology ; Virus Replication

Purpose To compare the CTPA image quality by using contrast agent with different concentration at different injection rate so as to provide suitable contrast agent injection for patients.Materials and Methods A total of 346 patients with suspected acute pulmonary embolism who required to undergo CTPA examination were randomly assigned to high (370 mgI/ml) and low (320 mgI/ml) concentration groups,and each group was further divided into six subgroups with different velocity (3.0,3.2,3.4,3.6,3.8 and 4.0 ml/s).The CT value of the main pulmonary artery,right pulmonary upper lobe artery and right lung under leaf posterior basal segmental artery was measured.Results In the high concentration group,there were no significant differences in pulmonary artery average CT value,noise,single to noise ratio (SNR) and contrast to noise ratio (CNR) among the subgroups with different velocity (P＞0.05).In the low concentration group,the difference was not statistically significant in pulmonary artery average CT value (P＞0.05) among the subgroups with different velocity;however,the noise,SNR and CNR of 3.0 ml/s subgroup had significant differences compared with other subgroups (P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in average CT value of pulmonary artery between the subgroups with the same velocity in the two concentration groups (P＞0.05).In addition,except that the noise,SNR and CNR of 3.0 ml/s subgroup showed significant differences with other subgroups either in high concentration group or in low concentration group (P＜0.05),there were no significant differences in the above-mentioned parameters among other subgroups with the same velocity in both groups (P＞0.05).Conclusion Compared with high concentration contrast agent,the image obtained by using low concentration contrast agent shows no difference in pulmonary artery average CT value but with low iodine flow and iodine flow rate,which can reduce the risks of contrast media induced nephropathy (CIN) and contrast agent extravasation.

ObjectiveTo assess the effect of hemodialysis(HD),hemodiafiltration(HDF) and hemodialysis(HD) and hemoperfusion(HDP) on the quality of life,cognitive function and nutritional status in chronic renal failure(CRF) patients.MethodsAll patients were randomly divided into HD,HDF and HDP group.Mini-mental state examination(MMSE),Wisconsin card sorting test (WCST),SF-36 were measured for cognitive function,quality of life and nutrition indicators test.ResultsAfter 3,6 months treatment,MMSE ( respectively ( 22.62 ±3.85),(25.10 ±2.26),(25.35 ±2.44)and (23.87 ±4.19),(25.10 ±2.26),(27.19 ±2.23)),WCST indicators were statistically significant in the three groups (P ＜ 0.05 ) ;after 1,3,6 months treatment,the PF,RP,BP,GH,SF and nutrition indicators were significant difference too(P＜0.05 ) ; HDP and HDF,HD groups were statistically significant(P＜ 0.05 ).ConclusionHDF and HDP obviously influence on long-term cognitive function,physical health domains and nutritional status in CRF patients,and superior to HD.

Objective: To understand the influence of experiential health education on diet control of college students with pre diabetes mellitus, and to provide reference for healthy eating habits promotion among college students. Methods: According to the method of random number table, 78 pre diabetic college students screened from Changzhi Medical College from September 2020 to June 2021 were randomly assigned to observation group and control group (39 students in each group). The control group received routine health education for 10 months, once a week for 1 hour each time; On the basis of the above, the observation group received experiential health education once a week for 1 hour, including diet experience, exercise experience, blood sugar test experience and chronic complications experience. Blood glucose and lipids level, body mass index (BMI), dietary control as well as the stages of change for dietary control behavior were compared between the two groups. Results: There was significant difference between the observation group and the control group in the stages of change for dietary control behavior 10 months after intervention ( χ 2=8.92, P <0.05). The compliance score of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group in the same period 10 months after the intervention ( t =3.74, P <0.01), the score of the knowledge of diet control in the observation group 10 months after intervention was significantly higher than that in the control group ( t =11.51, P <0.05). The levels of BMI, TG and TC in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group at 5 and 10 months after intervention, and the differences were statistically significant ( P <0.05). Conclusion Experiential health education helps to promote awareness of diabete related knowledge, enhance self management behavior and good diet control habits, and is effective for blood glucose control.

Malignant tumors continue to pose a significant threat to human life and safety and their development is primarily due to the activation of proto-oncogenes and the inactivation of suppressor genes.Among these,the activation of proto-oncogenes possesses greater potential to drive the malignant transformation of cells.Targeting oncogenes involved in the malignant transformation of tumor cells has provided a novel approach for the development of current antitumor drugs.Several preclinical and clinical studies have revealed that the development pathway of B cells,and the malignant transformation of mature B cells into tumors have been regulated by oncogenes and their metabolites.Therefore,summarizing the key oncogenes involved in the process of malignant transformation of mature B cells and elucidating the mechanisms of action in tumor development hold significant importance for the clinical treatment of malignant tumors.

Purpose: The risk stratification of pediatric anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) has not been standardized. In this study, new risk factors were included to establish a new risk stratification system for ALCL, and its feasibility in clinical practice was explored. Materials and Methods: On the basis of the non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma Berlin–Frankfurt–Munster 95 (NHL-BFM-95) protocol, patients with minimal disseminated disease (MDD), high-risk tumor site (multiple bone, skin, liver, and lung involvement), and small cell/lymphohistiocytic (SC/LH) pathological subtype were enrolled in risk stratification. Patients were treated with a modified NHL-BFM-95 protocol combined with an anaplastic lymphoma kinase inhibitor or vinblastine (VBL). Results: A total of 136 patients were enrolled in this study. The median age was 8.8 years. The 3-year event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival of the entire cohort were 77.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 69.0% to 83.9%) and 92.3% (95% CI, 86.1% to 95.8%), respectively. The 3-year EFS rates of low-risk group (R1), intermediate-risk group (R2), and high-risk group (R3) patients were 100%, 89.5% (95% CI, 76.5% to 95.5%), and 67.9% (95% CI, 55.4% to 77.6%), respectively. The prognosis of patients with MDD (+), stage IV cancer, SC/LH lymphoma, and high-risk sites was poor, and the 3-year EFS rates were 45.3% (95% CI, 68.6% to 19.0%), 65.7% (95% CI, 47.6% to 78.9%), 55.7% (95% CI, 26.2% to 77.5%), and 70.7% (95% CI, 48.6% to 84.6%), respectively. At the end of follow-up, one of the five patients who received maintenance therapy with VBL relapsed, and seven patients receiving anaplastic lymphoma kinase inhibitor maintenance therapy did not experience relapse. Conclusion This study has confirmed the poor prognostic of MDD (+), high-risk site and SC/LH, but patients with SC/LH lymphoma and MDD (+) at diagnosis still need to receive better treatment (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03971305).

OBJECTIVE To study the intervention effects and mechanism of Compound yu ’e nasal drops on ovalbumin induced allergic rhinitis in rats . METHODS The allergic rhinitis model of rat was induced with ovalbumin . Model rats were randomly divided into model group ，triamcinolone acetonide group （positive control ，0.026 mg/kg），Compound yu ’e nasal drops high-dose，medium-dose and low -dose groups （134.4、67.2、33.6 mg/kg），12 rats in each group . Another blank control group was set. Except for blank control group ，the corresponding drugs were given by nasal drip twice a day for 14 days. One hour after last administration，the nasal symptom scores of rats were recorded ；the levels of serum immunoglobulin E （IgE），interleukin-2（IL- 2），IL-13 and tumor necrosis factor -α（TNF-α）were measured by enzyme -linked immunosorbent assay . The changes of nasal mucosa in rat were observed by HE staining . The expressions of TNF -α，IL-2 and IL -13 in nasal mucosa were detected by Western blot. RESULTS Compared with blank control group ，nasal symptom score and the levels of serum IgE ，IL-2，IL-13，TNF-α in model group were increased significantly （P＜0.01）；obvious pathological injury was found in nasal mucosa ，and the expressions of TNF -α，IL-2 and IL -13 protein were increased significantly （P＜0.01）. Compared with model group ，Compound yu ’e nasal drops significantly reduced the nasal symptom score ，the levels of serum IgE ，IL-2，IL-13，TNF-α to different extents ，improved pathological injury of nasal mucosa and significantly inhibited the expressions of TNF -α，IL-2 and IL -13 protein（P＜0.05 or P＜ 0.01）. CONCLUSIONS Compound yu ’e nasal drops play significant effects against allergic rhinitis in rats by regulating the balance of t ype 1 helper T cells/type 2 helper T cells ，balancing and inhibiting the secretion of inflammatory cytokines .

Purpose: The risk stratification of pediatric anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) has not been standardized. In this study, new risk factors were included to establish a new risk stratification system for ALCL, and its feasibility in clinical practice was explored. Materials and Methods: On the basis of the non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma Berlin–Frankfurt–Munster 95 (NHL-BFM-95) protocol, patients with minimal disseminated disease (MDD), high-risk tumor site (multiple bone, skin, liver, and lung involvement), and small cell/lymphohistiocytic (SC/LH) pathological subtype were enrolled in risk stratification. Patients were treated with a modified NHL-BFM-95 protocol combined with an anaplastic lymphoma kinase inhibitor or vinblastine (VBL). Results: A total of 136 patients were enrolled in this study. The median age was 8.8 years. The 3-year event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival of the entire cohort were 77.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 69.0% to 83.9%) and 92.3% (95% CI, 86.1% to 95.8%), respectively. The 3-year EFS rates of low-risk group (R1), intermediate-risk group (R2), and high-risk group (R3) patients were 100%, 89.5% (95% CI, 76.5% to 95.5%), and 67.9% (95% CI, 55.4% to 77.6%), respectively. The prognosis of patients with MDD (+), stage IV cancer, SC/LH lymphoma, and high-risk sites was poor, and the 3-year EFS rates were 45.3% (95% CI, 68.6% to 19.0%), 65.7% (95% CI, 47.6% to 78.9%), 55.7% (95% CI, 26.2% to 77.5%), and 70.7% (95% CI, 48.6% to 84.6%), respectively. At the end of follow-up, one of the five patients who received maintenance therapy with VBL relapsed, and seven patients receiving anaplastic lymphoma kinase inhibitor maintenance therapy did not experience relapse. Conclusion This study has confirmed the poor prognostic of MDD (+), high-risk site and SC/LH, but patients with SC/LH lymphoma and MDD (+) at diagnosis still need to receive better treatment (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03971305).

Purpose: The risk stratification of pediatric anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) has not been standardized. In this study, new risk factors were included to establish a new risk stratification system for ALCL, and its feasibility in clinical practice was explored. Materials and Methods: On the basis of the non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma Berlin–Frankfurt–Munster 95 (NHL-BFM-95) protocol, patients with minimal disseminated disease (MDD), high-risk tumor site (multiple bone, skin, liver, and lung involvement), and small cell/lymphohistiocytic (SC/LH) pathological subtype were enrolled in risk stratification. Patients were treated with a modified NHL-BFM-95 protocol combined with an anaplastic lymphoma kinase inhibitor or vinblastine (VBL). Results: A total of 136 patients were enrolled in this study. The median age was 8.8 years. The 3-year event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival of the entire cohort were 77.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 69.0% to 83.9%) and 92.3% (95% CI, 86.1% to 95.8%), respectively. The 3-year EFS rates of low-risk group (R1), intermediate-risk group (R2), and high-risk group (R3) patients were 100%, 89.5% (95% CI, 76.5% to 95.5%), and 67.9% (95% CI, 55.4% to 77.6%), respectively. The prognosis of patients with MDD (+), stage IV cancer, SC/LH lymphoma, and high-risk sites was poor, and the 3-year EFS rates were 45.3% (95% CI, 68.6% to 19.0%), 65.7% (95% CI, 47.6% to 78.9%), 55.7% (95% CI, 26.2% to 77.5%), and 70.7% (95% CI, 48.6% to 84.6%), respectively. At the end of follow-up, one of the five patients who received maintenance therapy with VBL relapsed, and seven patients receiving anaplastic lymphoma kinase inhibitor maintenance therapy did not experience relapse. Conclusion This study has confirmed the poor prognostic of MDD (+), high-risk site and SC/LH, but patients with SC/LH lymphoma and MDD (+) at diagnosis still need to receive better treatment (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03971305).

Purpose: The risk stratification of pediatric anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) has not been standardized. In this study, new risk factors were included to establish a new risk stratification system for ALCL, and its feasibility in clinical practice was explored. Materials and Methods: On the basis of the non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma Berlin–Frankfurt–Munster 95 (NHL-BFM-95) protocol, patients with minimal disseminated disease (MDD), high-risk tumor site (multiple bone, skin, liver, and lung involvement), and small cell/lymphohistiocytic (SC/LH) pathological subtype were enrolled in risk stratification. Patients were treated with a modified NHL-BFM-95 protocol combined with an anaplastic lymphoma kinase inhibitor or vinblastine (VBL). Results: A total of 136 patients were enrolled in this study. The median age was 8.8 years. The 3-year event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival of the entire cohort were 77.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 69.0% to 83.9%) and 92.3% (95% CI, 86.1% to 95.8%), respectively. The 3-year EFS rates of low-risk group (R1), intermediate-risk group (R2), and high-risk group (R3) patients were 100%, 89.5% (95% CI, 76.5% to 95.5%), and 67.9% (95% CI, 55.4% to 77.6%), respectively. The prognosis of patients with MDD (+), stage IV cancer, SC/LH lymphoma, and high-risk sites was poor, and the 3-year EFS rates were 45.3% (95% CI, 68.6% to 19.0%), 65.7% (95% CI, 47.6% to 78.9%), 55.7% (95% CI, 26.2% to 77.5%), and 70.7% (95% CI, 48.6% to 84.6%), respectively. At the end of follow-up, one of the five patients who received maintenance therapy with VBL relapsed, and seven patients receiving anaplastic lymphoma kinase inhibitor maintenance therapy did not experience relapse. Conclusion This study has confirmed the poor prognostic of MDD (+), high-risk site and SC/LH, but patients with SC/LH lymphoma and MDD (+) at diagnosis still need to receive better treatment (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03971305).