Objective To explore the levels of serum chemokine in the patients with gastric cancer using cytometric beads array (CBA) and to find out the laboratory evidence for gastric cancer immunotberapy.Methods Forty-five patients with gastric cancer,thirty patients with benign gastric diseases and forty healthy controls were included.The chemokine levels of interleukin-8 (IL-8),regulated upon activation normal T-cell expressed and secreted (RANTES),monokine induced by IFN-γ (MIG),monocyte ehemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1) and interferon-γ induced protein-10 (IP-10) in serum of these three groups were measured using CBA ,then these data were analyzed using BD CBA analysis software.Results The levels of serum chemokines in healthy controls were (176.4±20.7) μg/L for IP-10,(111.3±17.2) μg/L for MCP-1,(503.9±47.2) μg/L for MIG,(472.4±116.7) μg/L for IL-8,respectively.In gastric cancer patients,the levels were (266.6±24.7) μg/L for IP-10,(100.4,70.8-193.5) μg/L for MCP-1,(1614±275.4) μg/L for MIG,(500.0±164.8) μg/L for IL-8.The levels of serum chemokines in patients with benign gastric disease were (207.9±31.7) μg/L for IP-10,(121.2±23.6) μg/L for MCP-1,(514.5±63.0) μg/L for MIG,(480.2±134.8) μg/L for IL-8,respectively.The levels of IP-10 and MIG among these three groups were significantly different (IP-10:F = 3.52,P < 0.05,MIG:F = 9.27,P < 0.01).The levels of IP-10 were elevated in the cancer patients compared with healthy controls (P < 0.05),while the levels of MIG were elevated significantly in the cancer patients compared with healthy controls and benign disease controls(t=3.29,P < 0.01,t=2.84,P<0.01).Conclusions CBA is a novel method with convenience,sensitivity and accuracy for the detection of serum ehemokines.The concentration of IP-10 and MIG in gastric cancer patients are elevated,indicating its implication in cancer pathogenesis and metastasis.Measurement of serum chemokines will lay the groundwork for therapeutic strategy in gastric cancer by inhibiting and anti-chemokine.

Objective To investigate the expression of galectin-10 in CD4+CD25+CD127low/-regulatory T cells(Treg) and the correlation between expressions of galectin-10 and Foxp3.Methods CD4+CD25+CD127low/-Treg cells and CD4+CD25-CD127+ T cells were isolated from PBMC of healthy volunteers and lymph nodes of gastric cancer patients by flow cytometry.Following RNA micro-extraction RT-PCR analysis was used to detect mRNA expression of galectin-10 and Foxp3.Results The mRNA expression of galectin-10 and Foxp3 were dominant in Treg cells,whereas nearly no expression in CD4+CD25-CD127+ T cells.The results from PBMC of healthy volunteers and lymph nodes of gastric cancer patients were consistent between.Conclusion The expression of galectin-10 was obviously high in Treg cells,so it may become a novel marker for phenotypic characterization of Treg cells.

AIM: To investigate the influence of three dimentional printing processes(3DP) on the release of controlled-release helicid tablet. METHODS: Parameters of 3DP,such as skeleton polymer,binder,thickness of powder layering,number of spray painting,subregion ser up and diameter of aperture,were selected in the preparation of donut-shape multilayer controlled-release helicid tablet.Dissolution tests in vitro were carried out to analyse the effect of technological parameters on the release of helicid. RESULTS: Under the condition of fixed subregion and diameter of aperture,the selections of binders and thickness of spray painting were key factors concerning the release period of helicid. CONCLUSION: 3DP processes shows high flexibility and efficacy in the preparation of controlled-release tablets.

The brain-gut axis is an important pathway for the interaction between the central nervous system and the gastrointestinal tract. Ischemic stroke can promote the imbalance and displacement of intestinal flora, and the intestinal flora and its metabolites in turn can affect the occurrence, development and outcome of ischemic stroke. This article reviews the related literature on ischemic stroke and intestinal flora, in order to review the relationship between the two and related mechanisms, and to prospect the stroke treatment of targeting intestinal flora.

Objective To establish a five-color flow cytometric immunophenotyping protocol and valuate its clinical application in leukemia and lymphoma. Methods Samples from 73 cases of acute leukemia and 30 cases of lymphoma were analyzed using a comprehensive antibody panel with five-color combination. The antibody combination CD7/CD33/CD19/CD13/CD45 and MPO/cCD79a/cCD3/CD117/CD45,composed of different lineage distinctive and lineage sensitive markers of B, T and myeloid cells, were applied to determine the lineage originality of leukemia and lymphoma celia. The markers used in the second step analysis were based on the findings of the first step. Results Five-color compensation can be performed automatically and easily with the advanced digital compensation program. The results showed that the expression ratio of CD19 in B-ALL was 100% (27/27), cCD79, pesitivity was 92.6% (25/27) and CD7,cCD3 was expressed in all T-ALL cases (8/8). The B-ALL could be staged depending on the expression level of CD34 ,CD10 ,cμ,sIgM and the T-ALL could be dearly staged dependent on the expression level of CD2,CD1a,,CD4,CD4,CD8. The expression ratio of cMPO, CD117 was 89. 5% (34/38) and 81.6% (31/38) in AML respectively, however CD7 was also expressed in 26.3% (10/38) of AML cases. Combined with morphology, immanophenotypes could be used for diagnosing AML with subtyping. The CD19/SSC gating can be used for immunophenotyping of B cell lymphoma with differential diagnosis. The number of robes required was significantly reduced with our panel from 12 tubes of 3-color to 6 tubes of 5-color. Implementation of the five-color protocol had resulted in 20% reduction in reagent costs. Conclusions The application of fivecolor staining protocol significantly improve the sensitivity and accuracy of measurement of immunophenotypes of acute leukemia and lymphoma. It reduces the cost and can be widely applied in the clinical laboratory diagnosis.

Objective The aim of the study WSfl to establish the method using CDl27 as the new biomarker to identify regulatory T cells(Treg cells)and apply the CD 127 to detect the Treg cells in patients with gastric cancer.Methods The phenotypes of Treg cells were analyzed using five-color flow cytometry method Foxp3.FITC/CD127-PE/CD4-PerCP/CD25-APC/CD3-PC7.The mRNA and protein expression of Foxp3 in isolated CD+4 CD25high CD127-/low Treg cells were detected.The relationships between Foxp3 and CD127 protein expression in CD4+ T cells from aduh human peripheral blood were investigated.PBMCs,Ascltes,turnor-infihration lymphocyte and tumor-draining lymph nodes in 35 patients with gastric cancer and PBMCs in 20 normal healthy donors were evaluated for the proportion of Treg ceils,as well as the percentage ot the total CD +4 cells.Results CD4+ CD25 high CD-127 low ceils expressed the high Foxp3 in protein level(87.1%)and mRNA level.Within the CD4+CD+25 population,there was a significant correlation between Foxp3 and the CD127low phenotype(r=0.985,P<0.01).Compared with healthy olunteers,patients with gastric malignancies had a higher proportion of CD4+4 Cdhigh 25 CD-low127 cells in peripheral blood(t=2.542,P<0.05).The Dereentages of Treg cells were more abundant in ascites(t=2.357,P<0.05),TIL(t=6.174,P<0.01) and tumor-draining lymph nodes(t=5.481,P<0.01)of individuals with gastric cancer than that in their blood.There were significant differences in the prevalence of Treg ceils between the early and advanced disease stages in gastric cancer[(6.04±2.31)%in stageⅠ+Ⅱ VB(10.16±2.29)% Ⅲ+Ⅳ,t=2.473,P<0.05].Conclusions The CD127 biomarker can be used to selectively enrich human Treg cells for in vitro functional studies.The populations of CD4+ CD high25 CD127-/low Treg cells increased ith tumor stage in individuals with gastric cancer.

Objective To investigate the populations of CD+4CD25high Foxp3+ regulatory T cells(Treg cells)and mRNA expression of Foxp3 in peripheral and the marginal region of tumor from patients with gastric cancer,and to evaluate the prevalence of Treg cells from patients with gastric cancer in relation to the TNM stages.Methods PBMC,Ascites,tumor-infiltration lymphocyte and tumor-draining lymph nodes in 47 patients with gastric cancer(TNM I11,Ⅱ18,Ⅲ10,Ⅳ8)and PBMC in 20 normal healthy donors were evaluated for the proportion of Treg cells,as a percentage of the total CD4+ cells,by flow cytometric analysis.Levels of mRNA for Foxp3 were measured witll a real-time quantitative PCR Results The percentage of CD4+CD25high Foxp3+ Treg cells in PBMC for cases of gastric cancer were significantly higher than those for healthv donors(P<0.05).The percentage of Treg cells were more abundant in ascites(P< O.05),1rIL(P<0.01)and tumor-draining lymph nodes(P<0.01)of individuals with gastric cancer than in their blood.And the Foxp3 mean fluorescent intensity (MFI) of Treg cells in TIL and tumor draining lymph nodes with gastric caners were significantly higher than PBMC and ascites(P<0.05).The proportion 0f Treg cell in patients of gastric cancers with stage I,II,Ⅲ,Ⅳ were(5.72±1.95)%,(6.45± 2.23)%,(9.58±3.13)%,(11.70±2.30)%,respectively.There were significant correlation between Drevalenee of Treg cells and disease stages in gastric cancer(r=0.784,P<0.01).Foxp3 mRNA levels were higher in PBMC from the group with gastric cancers than in the group with healthy donors.Foxp3 mRNA levels were correlated with TNM stages(r=0.623,P<0.05).Conclusions Our results suggest that the populations of CD4+CDhigh25 Foxp3+Treg cells and Foxp3 mRNA levels in patients with gastric cancer are signifieantlv higher in comparison to those in control donors.In addition,the expression of Fox：p3 mRNA increased with tumor stage.The increased prevalence of Treg cells may be one of the explanations for impaired cell-mediated immunity in cancer bearing hosts.

Objective:To measure the safe range from the foramen rotundum to the siphon of internal carotid artery using three-dimensional reconstruction technique, and to provide guidance for operation through pterygopalatine fossa.Methods:The skulls of 121 volunteers were scanned to get the final results with thin-section computed tomographic images.The position of the siphon of internal carotid artery (point A)and foramen rotundum (pointB)were ascertained.Three-dimensional reconstruction technique was used to build a coordinate system paralleled to the frankfort horizontal plane and the nasal septum plane.The coordinate system took point A as the coordinate origin.Point C and point D were the projections of point A in two planes parallel with frankfort horizontal plane and nasal septum plane which included point B.The distances of AC,AB,and BC were measured. The angles of the line went through A and B to the three planes were also measured.Results:The distance of AC was measured as 13.22 (3.79)mm (range,8.33 - 105.67 mm;95%CI:8.55 - 21.39 mm).The angle to the sagittal plane was measured as 33.54 (9.23)° (range,5.38- 66.58°;95%CI:30.88 - 34.20°). The angle to the coronal plane was measured as 53.17 (10.48)°(range,5.60-75.02°;95%CI:51.29-55.06°).The angle to the horizontal plane was measured as 9.43 (12.91 ) mm (range,- 28.44 - 82.22;95% CI:7.11 - 11.76 ). Conclusion:The safety distance from foramen rotundum to the siphon of internal carotid artery in the operation through pterygopalatine fossa (PPF) under nasoendoscope is obtained by thin-section computed tomographic images.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has high incidence and mortality rates and poor prognosis and greatly threatens human health .Early identification and diagnosis is an important method for reducing the incidence and mortality rates of HCC .The sensitivities and specificities of commonly used serum tumor markers cannot meet the need in clinical practice .Metabolomics focuses on the changes in metabolites produced by organisms, such as lipids, bile acid, and amino acids, which are located at the downstream of systems biology and can directly reflect the biochemical status of tissues .With the help of the techniques including chromatography , mass spectrometry, and magnetic resonance,metabolomics can identify the differences in metabolites in serum , urine, and tissue samples, evaluate their diagnostic values, and help to find potential markers for HCC.In the early screening of tumors, metabolomics has the advantages of easily available specimens ,simple operation, and processing a large number of specimens simultaneously .This article reviews the recent research advances in metabolic markers for HCC with the application of metabolomics.

Objective To research the jugular foramen,internal auditory pore (IAP)and the turning point between its components by imageological methods and to provide theoretical basis for retrosigmoid approach in the operation of acoustic neurinoma.Methods The skulls of 100 volunteers were scanned to get the final result with thin-section computed tomographic image. High-resolution spiral CT multiplane reformation was used to reform images that were parallel to the Frankfort horizontal plane to measure the distance between the turning point of retrosigmoid (A),the edge of jugular foramen(B)and the lower edge of the internal auditory canal(C)(denoted AC,AB,BC) and the shortest distance from the jugular foramen to AC.The angles between AC,AB and sagittal axis(α,β) were measured.Results The distance of AC was (44.94 ± 3.84)mm,the distance of AB was (43.68 ± 4.56)mm.The distance of BC was (6.15 ±2.04)mm,and the shortest distance between jugular foramen and AC was (5.21±0.23)mm.The angleαwas measured as (39.50±4.74)°,and the angleβwas measured as (46.35± 5.51)°.Conclusion The research measure the distance and angle between entry points and landmarks of retrosigmoid approach and the safe distance.