The nitric oxide donor drugs have the functions of anti-hyperplasia, inhibiting platelet adhesion and aggregation, regulating immune response, etc. It suggests that these drugs play important roles in therapy of cardiovascular diseases, male impotence and pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome.

Objective To investigate the expression and significance of human TREM-1 mRNA in patients with (biliary) infection. Methods Peripheral blood of 32 patients with biliary infection and 7 healthy volunteers were (collected). TREM-1 mRNA was determined by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. TNF-? was determined by ELISA method. Results The values of TREM-1/?-actin of control group was 0.48?0.072, while those of biliary infection group in 1d, 2d, 3d, 7d were 0.93?0.070,0.90?0.060,0.82?0.092,0.66?0.062 respectively (P

Objective:To develop an HPLC method for the determination of nintedanib in rabbit plasma and study the pharmacoki-netics of nintedanib in rabbits. Methods:The separation was performed on an Agilent ZORBAX SB-C18 column. A mixture of acetoni-trile-0. 1% trifluoroacetic acid-water (35∶ 20∶ 45) was used as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 1. 0 ml·min-1. The detection wavelength was set at 286 nm. Carbamazepine was used as the internal standard and nintedanib was extracted by ethyl acetate from plasma under basic condition. Totally 6 rabbits were given 20 mg·kg-1 nintedanib with intravenous administration. The blood samples were collected from the auricular vein at different time points after the administration. The concentration of nintedanib in plasma was detected by the HPLC method. The pharmacokinetics parameters were analyzed by DAS program. Results: An excellent linear rela-tionship was obtained within the range of 0. 05-10. 00 μg·ml-1(r=0. 999 8). The intra-day RSD was 5. 55%, 4. 53% and 2. 74%and inter-day RSD was 6. 15%, 5. 45% and 3. 15%, respectively for the three concentrations(0. 10, 2. 50 and 7. 50μg·ml-1), and the relative recovery was (98. 50 ± 5. 47)%, (100. 25 ± 4. 54)% and (99. 94 ± 2. 74)%, respectively. The main pharmacokinetics parameters of nintedanib were as follows: Cmaxwas (3.01 ±0.35) μg·ml-1, t1/2 was (4.38 ±1.53) h and AUC0-t was (11.67 ± 1. 71) μg·h·ml-1 . Conclusion:The method is simple, rapid and accurate, and can be used to determine the nintedanib concentra-tion in rabbit plasma and study its pharmacokinetics. Nintedanib is fitted the first-order elimination kinetics in rabbits.

Objective To evaluate the influence of different clinic pathways on the time from first medical contact to balloon (FMC2B) and the time from door to balloon (D2B) for emergency patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention as well as the prognosis. Methods 183 consecutive patients were divided into emergency easy access group and normal access group. The two groups were compared in terms of the FMC2B time, D2B time and outcomes during hospitalization and follow-up. Results Compared with the normal access group, the FMC2B time in the emergency easy access group was significantly shorter (100.3 min vs. 145.6 min, P < 0.05) and so it was with the D2B time (77.1 min vs. 115.4 min, P<0.05). Meanwhile, in-hospital mortality was significantly lower (5.0%vs. 15.7%, P<0.05). The follow-ups showed the rates of re-hospitalization related to heart diseases, and the mortality rate of cardiovascular disease were significantly lower in the emergency easy access group. Conclusion The optimized emergency easy access could reduce the FMC2B time and D2B time and improve the prognosis of patients with STEMI.

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Objective: To develop an HPLC method for the determination of ibrutinib in rat's plasma, and study its pharmacoki-netics. Methods: The analytical column was packed with ZORBAX XDB-C18(150 mm×4. 6 mm,5 μm). A mixture of acetonitrile-wa-ter-0. 1% trifluoroacetic acid (42 ∶ 31 ∶ 27) was used as the mobile phase with the flow rate at 1. 0 ml·min-1. The detection wave-length was set at 258 nm. The column temperature was set at 30℃. Carbamazepine was used as the internal standard. Plasma was ex-tracted under alkaline condition and ibrutinib was detected. Nine SD rats were treated with single dose of ibrutinib 15 mg·kg-1by in-tragastric administration. Blood samples were collected at different time points after ibrutinib administration. The plasma concentration of ibrutinib was detected, and the pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by DAS software. Results: Excellent linear relationship was obtained within the range of 10 μg·L-1to 2 000 μg·L-1(r =0.999 7). The intra-day RSDs were 7.11%, 10.41% and 3. 19% , and the inter-day RSDs were 2. 56% , 1. 98% and 3. 79% respectively for three concentrations ( 25, 500 and 1 500 μg· L-1), the average recoveries were (78. 91 ± 2. 10)% , (86. 29 ± 3. 97)% and (83. 61 ± 2. 11)% , respectively. After intragastric administration of ibrutinib, the main pharmacokinetic parameters of ibrutinib were as follows:Cmaxwas(1 019.43 ±74.85)μg·L-1, Tmaxwas(4.78 ±1.20)h, AUC(0-36)was(10 417.26 ±2 167.51)μg·h·L-1, AUC(0-inf)was(10 956.72 ±2491.09)μg·h·L-1, and t1/2was(8.57 ±1.47)h. Conclusion: The method is simple, rapid and accurate, and can be applied in the studies on the phar-macokinetics of ibrutinib.

To improve the transduction efficiency of recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) in NK92 cells, the number of cells, concentration of IL-2 in the medium, and serotype and dosage of rAAV were explored to optimize cell state and viral transfection conditions.Then, zinc chloride (ZnCl2), chloroquine, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and genistein with different concentration were added separately during transfection to further improve the viral transduction efficiency.The results showed that, at cell number of 5 × 105, the expression efficiency of enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) was relatively high.When the IL-2 concentration was 1 000 IU/mL, NK92 cells were most suitable for virus transfection. The transduction efficiency of different serotypes of rAAV in NK92 cells was rAAV6, rAAV2 and rAAV9 in descending order.Pretreatment of NK92 cells with genistein could significantly increase the viral transduction efficiency, while the addition of other reagents had no significant effect.Through the optimization of the above conditions, the transduction efficiency of rAAV to NK92 cells could be significantly improved, which provided evidence for functional genetic modification of NK92 cells by rAAV.

AIM: To analyze the effect of influential factors on the estimation of pharmacokinetic parameters of teicoplanin, this study was proposed to develop the population pharmacokinetic (PPK) model of teicoplanin in patients with renal insufficiency. METHODS: A total of 66 routine blood teicoplanin concentration monitoring data were collected from 46 cases with renal insufficiency, and a nonlinear mixed effect modeling program was used to establish one-compartment model with Monolix 2021R1 software. Furthermore, 20 routine blood teicoplanin concentration monitoring data were also collected from the other 20 cases with renal insufficiency, and the external validation of the model was performed by goodness-of-fit parameter method. RESULTS: The one compartment model was an appropriate model for simulating the pharmacokinetics of teicoplanin in patients with renal insufficiency. The typical values of apparent volume of distribution and clearance rate were 148.9 L and 0.13 L/h, respectively. Glomerular filtration rate and body weight, instead of other factors, were the primary variables that affected the elimination of teicoplanin in vivo. CONCLUSION: The population pharmacokinetic model of teicoplanin established in the present study was effective and stable, which could also predict the dynamic change of teicoplanin concentration. As a result, the population pharmacokinetic model could provide references for the rational use of teicoplanin in special populations.

A novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) epidemic has occurred in Wuhan, Hubei Province since December 2019, caused by a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) never been seen previously in human. China has imposed the strictest quarantine and closed management measures in history to control the spreading of the disease. However, severe trauma can still occur in the NCP patients. In order to standardize the emergency treatment and the infection prevention and control of severe trauma patients with hidden infection, suspected or confirmed infection of 2019-nCoV, Trauma Surgery Branch of Chinese Medical Doctors' Association organized this expert consensus. The consensus illustrated the classification of the NCP patients, severe trauma patients in need of emergency surgery, emergency surgery type, hierarchical protection for medical personnel and treatment places. Meanwhile, the consensus standardized the screening, injury severity evaluation, emergency surgical treatment strategy and postoperative management strategy of severe trauma patients during the epidemic period of NCP, providing a basis for the clinical treatment of such kind of patients.

OBJECTIVE：To optimi ze and improve the quality standard for Keqing capsules. METHODS ：According to general rule 0502 method stated in 2015 edition of Chinese Pharmacopeia （part Ⅳ），TLC method was used to identify Reineckia carnea and Morus alba in Keqing capsules [the developing solvents were dichloromethane-ethyl acetate-formic acid （10 ∶ 4 ∶ 0.2，V/V/V） and ethyl acetate-carbinol-ammonia （12 ∶ 2 ∶ 1，V/V/V），respectively]. The contents of morphine and codeine phosphate in Keqing capsules were determined by HPLC. The determination was performed on XBridge C 18 column with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-0.01 mol/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution （pH value adjusted to 2.7 with 5％ phosphoric acid solution）（5 ∶ 95，V/V）at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The detection wavelength was set at 210 nm，and the column temperature was 35 ℃. The sample size was 10 µL. RESULTS ：In TLC of R. carnea and M. alba in samples ，same color spots were shown in the correspon ding positions of reference substance chromatogram without interference from negative control. The linear range of morphine and codeine phosphate were batches of Keqing capsules were 0.97-1.37，0.16-0.37 mg/g，respectively. CONCLUSIONS ：TLC identification method for R. carnea and M. alba ，as well as HPLC content determination method for morphine and codeine phosphate in Keqing capsules are established；the method is simple ，accurate and reliable with strong specificity ，which improves the quality standard of Keqing capsules.