Objective To investigate the short-term and long-term effect of motor imagery training on visual imagery and kinesthetic imagery of athletes.Methods Twenty athletes majoring in the sports training of Capital University of Physical Education were selected into the experimental group,while 20 counterparts majoring in the human kinetic science were selected into the control group.All subjects received motor imagery training,and were assessed their visual imagery and kinesthetic imagery at three before the training,as well as ten minutes and 48 hours after the training.Results The repetitive measurement and analysis of variance showed that the visual imagery and kinesthetic imagery scores had the main effect of time factor [FvI (2,37)=7.57,P＜0.01;FK1 (2,37)=ll.75,P＜0.01)],as the scores were the highest at ten minutes after training,the second highest at 48 hours after training and the lowest before training.The visual imaginary scores increased significantly after the training,but had no significant difference 48 hours after the training compared to that before the training.After the training the kinesthetic imagery scores increased significantly and then declined slowly,and there were significant differences in the score before and 48 hours after the training (P=0.009).The experimental group and the control group had the same change trend in the visual and kinesthetic imagery scores.The average scores of the former group were higher than the latter at the same time points but without significant differences.The visual and kinesthetic imagery scores had no main effect of group factor,and there was no interaction effect of time factor and group factor.Conclusion Motor imagery training could increase the ability of visual and kinesthetic imagery of people never participating in motor imagery training and the short-term effect was more obvious.The long term effect of motor imagery training was more significant on kinesthetic imagery than visual imagery.

Objective To discuss the therapeutic effect in the treatment of the acute limb arterial critical ischemia.Methods Collect thirty-nine cases of acute limb arterial critical ischemia in Renji Hospital from Janary 2014 to July 2016.According to the patients' manifestation,these operations were porfermed including thrombectomy,cathetery-directed thrombolysis,mechanical suction bolt,percutaneous angioplasty and stenting.The effect and complications were observed.Results The eighteen patients in 39 cases (46.2％) were dead,including 5 cases without operation,13 operation.The eight cases were amputated during 34 cases of operations.In the 21 out-patients safely,2 cases were not followed up.The time of follow-up was from 3 to 27 months,on average 14.3 months.During the 21 patients,5 cases died from heart cerebrovascular or tumor diseases,3 cases with footdrop,2 cases with toe amputations,3 cases with distal leg and foot anesthesias.Conclusions The patiens with acute limb arteries critical ischemia must be treated as early as,and reinforced the management of multiple organ function,which may improve the diseases' therapeutic effect.

Objective To summarize clinical experience of one-station therapy for infected seriouslyischemic diabetic foot.Methods The clinical data of 15 patients (15 diseased limbs in total) with infected seriously-ischemic diabetic foot,who were admitted to authors' hospital during the period from June 2015 to April 2016 to receive treatment,were retrospectively analyzed.For all patients,one-station sequential therapy was carried out,which included endovascular revascularization (EVR) to open occluded vessel,surgical debridement and closed negative pressure wound drainage and antiseptic moisturizing wound dressing.The healing rate of infected wound and the limb salvage rate were evaluated.Results The 15 patients included 10 males and 5 females,with a median age of 77 years old.Lower extremity angiography showed that multiple segmental lesions of lower limb were detected in 13 patients and simple leg lesions in 2 patients.According to TASC Ⅱ update classification,leg artery disease of grade D was observed in 13 patients and artery disease of grade C in 2 patients.After EVR therapy,at least one branch of leg arteries was reopened in 14 limbs.Intact arterial arch of pedal-plantar loop (PPL) was seen in 6 patients,semi-arterial arch in 7 patients,and absent of arterial arch in 2 patients.After surgical debridement,the wound was washed by using negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) device as well as serf-made washing equipment.The time to control wound infection was (7.85±2.84) days.After discharge,the patients were followed up every 3-4 days,at the same time wound dressing exchange with antibacterial moisturizing sulfadiazine silver lipid hydrogel was conducted.Wound healing was achieved in 12 patients,and the mean healing time was (3.70±0.87) months.The wound failed to heal in 3 patients,among them below knee amputation had to be performed in 2 patients (13.3％,both patients showed absent of arterial arch of PPL),and the remaining one patient died of cardiovascular event.Statistically significant difference in PPL pathological changes existed between wound healing group and wound un-healing group (P=0.006 7).Conclusion The treatment of infected seriouslyischemic diabetic foot is rather complicated.Being one-station therapy,the sequential managements,which include EVR,NPWT device together with washing equipment and use of antibacterial moisturizing wound dressing,can effectively increase the blood supply to the affected limb,shorten the time to control infection and lower amputation rate.Therefore,one-station therapy should be regarded as the preferred method for infected seriously-ischemic diabetic foot.

Objective To investigate the protective effect of sulodexide (SDX) on oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) induced damage to human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC),and to discuss its mechanism.Methods By using CCK-8 method,the ox-LDL intervention HUVEC dose and the concentration of SDX were determined.The reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay kit was used to verify the protective effect of SDX on HUVEC.Real time fluorescent quantitation-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was employed to test the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and caveolin-1 mRNA expression;immunoblot assay was adopted to check the protein expression of phosphorylated eNOS (p-eNOS) and caveolin-1.The ability of cell migration was assessed by Transwell assay.Results Stimulated by 100 μg/ml concentration of ox-LDL,the cell viability of HUVEC decreased significantly (P＜0.01).After adding 125 LRU/ml concentration of LDX,the cell viability of HUVEC was remarkably improved (P＜0.01) and the production of ROS was strikingly decreased (P＜0.01).SDX could down-regulate the expression of caveolin-1 (P＜0.05) and up-regulate the expression of eNOS mRNA and p-eNOS (P＜0.05) for ox-LDL-damaged HUVEC,and markedly improve the migration ability of damaged HUVEC (P＜0.01).Conclusion By regulating the caveolin-1/eNOS signal route,SDX can improve impaired HUVEC cell migration ability,thus,to protect endothelial cells.

Objective To explore the value of wound blush in predicting patients' ulcer healing whom with critical limb ischemia after revascularization.Methods Retrospectively analyze the clinical data of 173 cases of critical limb ischemia with ischemic ulcers under thetreatment of endovascular therapy followed the concept of angiosome.According to the condition of wound blush after endovascular therapy,by compared the difference of limb salvage rate and ulcer healing time,and try to analyze the value of wound blush in predicting ulcer healing in patients.Results Included in the study with a total of 173 cases (173 limbs),group wound blush(+) 109 patients,group wound blush (-) 64 cases,the age,proportion of male patients,smoking history,diabetes,coronary heart disease,chronic renal insufficiency,pre and post operative ankle brachial index,were no statistical difference between the two groups.The ulcer healing time of group wound blush (+) was significantly shorter than that of group wound blush(-) (P ＜ 0.05).The rate of ulcer healing in group wound blush(+) was significantly higher than that in group wound blush(-) (P ＜ 0.05).In group wound blush(+),the cumulative rate of limb salvage was statisticallyhigher than group wound blush (-) (P ＜ 0.05).By logistic regression analysis,wound blush(-) (OR =4.5,P ＜ 0.05),IRc revascularization (OR =2.6,P ＜ 0.05) were independent risk factors of ulcer healing.Conclusions The resoult of wound blush(+) shows a good distal perfusion of foot.It can be used as a predictive factor for critical limb ischemia ischemic ulcer healing,and wound blush (-) was an independent risk factor for ulcer nonhealing.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and safety of using bidirectional subintimal technique,i.e.subintimal arterial flossing with antegrade-retrograde intervention (SAFARI),in endovascular treatment of subclavian arterial occlusion when the guide wire cannot re-enter into the distal true cavity.Methods The clinical data of 11 patients with symptomatic subclavian artery occlusion,who were admitted to authors' hospital during the period from August 2013 to June 2016 to receive treatment,were retrospectively analyzed.The patients included 8 males and 3 females,with a mean age of 67 years old (61-74 years).Endovascular recanalization of subclavian artery with SAFARI technique and stent implantation were carried out in all patients after conventional reopening surgery of obstructed artery failed.Results Subclavian artery recanalization by using SAFARI technique together with implantation of stent (average length of 46.4 mm) was successfully accomplished in 10 patients,but in one patient the technical management failed,the technical success rate was 90.9％.No serious postoperative complications occurred.The patients were followed up for 6-36 months by telephone,and no in-stent restenosis was verified during the follow-up period.Conclusion In treating severely calcified and long-segmental subclavian artery occlusion,endovascular treatment using SAFARI technique is safe and effective,SAFARI technique can further improve the success rate of endovascular treatment.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of endovascular therapy with covered stent in treating aortoiliac occlusive disease. Methods The clinical data of 20 patients with aortoiliac occlusive disease, who received endovascular therapy with covered stent during the period from January 2014 to December 2016, were collected. According to Rutherford standard of clinical symptom classification, gradeⅢ, grade Ⅳ and grade V were seen in 9, 7 and 4 patients respectively. Based on the Trans-Atlantic Society Coalition (TASC) treatment guidelines Ⅱ classification, B type, C type and D type were observed in 4, 7 and 9 patients respectively. The postoperative primary patency and secondary patency of the stent as well as the clinical efficacy were analyzed. Results Endovascular treatment was successfully accomplished in all 20 patients. After the treatment, the clinical symptoms were significantly relieved. Two patients developed complications (10％). One patient developed thrombus at the distal end of stent, which was improved after thrombolytic therapy. Another patient developed hematoma at puncture site, which was absorbed after conservative therapy. No perioperative death occurred. The patients were followed up for 5-37 months, with a mean of (17±10) months. The primary patency rate was 95％ and the secondary patency rate was 100％. Conclusion For the treatment of aortoiliac occlusive disease, endovascular therapy with covered stent has excellent clinical efficacy.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of drug-coated balloon (DCB) with paclitaxel in the treatment of femoropopliteal arteriosclerosis obliterans (ASO).Methods:From Dec 2016 to Dec 2018, clinical data of femoropopliteal artery disease patients treated with paclitaxel DCB in Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University were retrospectively analyzed.Results:A total of 83 patients (95 lower limbs) underwent DCB therapy. Including 50 chronic total occlusion (CTO) lesions (52.6%) with mean lesion length of (18.35±10.61) cm. Twenty-four lesions (25.3%) were moderately or severely calcified. Bail-out stent implantation was performed in 29.5% cases. The mean follow-up time was 17.5 months. Twelve months after intervention, the all-cause mortality rate was 6.0%, the major amputation rate was 4.3%, the primary patency rate was 60.6%, the primary assisted patency rate was 72.4%, the secondary patency rate was 83.4%, and the freedom rate from clinically-driven target lesion revascularization(F-TLR) was 77.0%. Moderate to severe calcification was an independent risk factor for the primary patency of DCB therapy.Conclusion:DCB is a safe and effective endovascular therapy for femoropopliteal artery disease.

Objective:To evaluate the mid-term clinical efficacy of drug-coated balloons (DCB)in the treatment of femoro-popliteal artery TASC Ⅱ C/D de novo stenosis and in-stent restenosis.Methods:A total of 126 patients with TASC Ⅱ C/D femoro-popliteal artery stenosis treated with DCB in Renji Hospital and Pudong New Area People's Hospital from December 2016 to August 2020 were retrospectively enrolled, including 74 cases of de novo stenosis (de novo group) and 52 cases of in-stent restenosis (ISR group). The clinical data and lesion characteristics were analyzed; the primary patency rate, primary-assisted patency rate, secondary patency rate, and the freedom from target lesion revascularization (f-TLR)rate were evaluated; the perioperative complications, mortality and amputation rate were compared between two groups. Kaplan-Meier method was used to evaluate the patency rate of target vessel lesions, and Cox regression analysis was used to evaluate the relative risk factors.Results:There were 6 patients died in each group during the followup period. The lesion length of the de novo and ISR groups were (21.25±12.64) cm and (34.71±12.02) cm, respectively( t=33.74, P<0.001). The popliteal artery involvement was 33.8% (25/74) in the de novo group and 15.4% (8/52) in the ISR group (χ 2=5.35, P=0.021). The operational success rate was 100.0% in both groups, and the perioperative complication rate was 6.8% (5/74) in the de novo group and 1.9% (1/52) in ISR group. The median follow-up time was 22 month and 17 months; the mean follow-up time were(19.78 ± 11.02) months and (20.02 ± 11.32) months in the de novo group and ISR group, respectively. The primary patency rates at 6, 12 and 24 months after intervention were 89.1%, 73.4%, 50.8% in the Denovo group, and 87.8%, 68.8%, 42.0% in the ISR group, respectively; the primary assisted patency rate was 90.7%, 78.4%, 62.8% in the de novo group, and 89.3%,77.1%, 62.8% in the ISR group, respectively; the secondary patency rate was 95.1%,95.1%, 88.7% in de novo group, and 94.9%, 88.9%, 84.3% in ISR group, respectively; the f-TLR rate was 97.3%, 88.6%, 79.2% in de novo group, and 90.0%, 77.7%, 74.7% in ISR group, respectively (all P>0.05). Cox regression analysis showed that P2 and P3 segment involvement of the popliteal artery were independent factors affecting the patency rate of target lesion. Conclusions:The mid-term clinical efficacy of DCB in the treatment of TASC Ⅱ C/D femoro-popliteal artery de novo stenosis and in-stent restenosis is satisfactory.

Objective:To investigate whether the clinical efficacy of mechanical pharmacothrombectomy (PMT) in treatment of whole-lower-limb acute deep vein thrombosis (DVT) could be improved by the modified approach removing popliteal vein thrombosis.Methods:From Mar 2016 to Mar 2018, 31 patients with whole-lower-limb acute DVT were enrolled and treated with PMT by AngioJet. The clinical data was retrospectively analyzed, and the clinical efficacy was evaluated.Results:26 cases were treated by contralateral common femoral vein approach and the other 5 cases by ipsilateral calf deep vein. Urokinase was given in bolus in 29 patients before thrombectomy. After PMT, 7 cases combined with catheter-directed thrombolysis. 26 cases underwent iliac vein PTA, and 14 cases underwent iliac vein stenting. The average hospitalization days was (7.6±1.8) d. The thrombus clearance rate was grade Ⅱ (50%~99%) in 16 cases (51.6%) and grade Ⅲ (100%) in 15 cases (48.4%). 30 patients were followed up and the mean follow-up time was 19.7 months. The 12-month primary patency rate was 83.3%. All the 5 patients with occlusion had different degrees of post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS), and the incidence of PTS was 16.7% (5/30).Conclusions:The modified approach to treat the whole-lower-limb acute deep vein thrombosis with PMT is safe and effective. The popliteal vein thrombosis can be cleared in one stage. The blood inflow can be improved, and the incidence of PTS is relatively low.