Objective To compare the clinical efficacy of programmed intermittent epidural bollus (PIEB)+patient controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA)and continuous epidural infusion (CEI)+PCEA for labor analgesia.Methods One hundred nulliparous parturients with cervical dilation of 2-3 cm were randomly assigned to PIEB group or CEI group for labor,with 100 parturients in each group.The background infusion in PIEB group delivered 8 ml bolus at a rate of 6 ml/min per 1 hour, in group CEI at 8 ml/h.Blood pressure,VAS score and modified Bromage score before labor anesthe-sia (T0 ),10 min after labor anesthesia (T1 ),30 min after labor anesthesia (T2 ),1 h after labor an-esthesia (T3 ),2 h after labor anesthesia (T4 ),the uterus opening to the full extent (T5 ),childbirth (T6 ),1 h after childbirth (T7 ),proportion of PCEA request,hourly ropivacaine and sufentanil con-sumption,uterine contraction,fetal heart,total delivery time,analgesic time,delivery mode,number of cases using oxytocin,adverse reactions,neonatal Apgar score,maternal satisfaction score were ob-served.Results The VAS score of PIEB group was significantly lower than that of CEI group at T4-T6 (P <0.01).Compared with the CEI group,protortion of PCEA request,the dosage of drug was de-creased obviously in group PIEB (P <0.05),the maternal satisfaction of PIEB group was significantly higher than that of CEI group (P <0.05).There was no significant difference in the blood pressure, duration and interval time of uterine contraction,fetal heart,total delivery time,analgesic time,deliv-ery mode,number of cases using oxytocin,adverse reactions,neonatal Apgar score and weight among two groups.Conclusion Compared with the CEI+PCEA,the need of PCEA and the dosage of drug was decreased obviously,the VAS score was significantly lower,the maternal satisfaction was signifi-cantly higher and adverse reactions did not increase in the PIEB+PCEA.

Objective To study the change of P 300 in patients with acute puffer poisoning.Methods With medicid-03E brain evoked potential instrument of Neuronic Company. the latency and the amplitude of P 300 evoked by visual (image) and audio stimulation were measured in 21 patients with acute puffer poisoning, these patients were compared with 30 normal subjects and compared with the P 300 during different condition of poisoning.Results The latency of P 300 evoked by visual (image) and audio stimulation in patient group was significantly prolonged as compared with the control group (P

Objective To observe the effect of atropine and N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) on the pressure of lower esophageal sphincter (LESP) regulated by electro-acupuncturing (EA) at Zusanli acupoint (He-Sea, st 36) of stomach meridian and explore the neural mechanism of EA. Methods Forty-eight rats were divided into six groups:control group, EA group, atropine group, atropine+EA group, L-NAME group and L-NAME+EA group. LESP was observed and recorded by using three-channel perfusion manometric measurement system. Results LESP increased significantly under or after EA at Zusanli acupoint. Cholinergic M receptor blocker partly abolished the influence of EA on LESP, but EA could restore the decreased pressure of cholinergic M receptor blocked rats. Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor increased LESP, and EA could make it higher. Conclusions The main efferent pathway of regulating effect of EA at Zusanli acupoint on LESP is via the chlinergic nerve of vagus, and other mechanism possibly exits.

21 patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS)and hypertension were treated by orthodontic applince for 3 months.All complains of snore were alleviated or disappeared during sleep,the short of breath and drowsy in the daytime were disap-peared,AHI decreased(P<0.01)and the lowest SaO2 increased(P<0.01).The blood pressure tend to normal.The orthodontic appliance can effectively control OSAHS and hypertension.

Objective To evaluate the value of whole body 18F-FDG PET/CT in detecting small intestine adenocarcinoma (SIA).Methods A retrospective study of 18F-FDG PET/CT was performed on 29 cases (male 17,female 12) of SIA,21 cases of small intestine lymphoma (SIL) (male 15,female 6) and 10 cases of small intestine tuberculosis (SIT) (male 4,female 6).Visual and semi-quantitative methods (SUVmax) were used to summarize and analyse the 18F-FDG PET/CT resutls.One-way analysis of variance and x2 test were used to analyze the data.Results (1) 18F-FDG PET/CT for SIA showed a partially conglomerate pattern of hypermetabolic small bowel masses with nodular configurations.A typical SIL showed a partially annular abnormal growth with aggregated foci of radioactivity.SIT lesions were usually in form of stripes and/or nodules with high metabolic foci or lesions withskipped distribution.The SUVmax of SIA (8.44±3.82) was significantly lower than that of SIL (11.54±4.02; F=86.96,t=2.77,both P＜0.01),but not significantly different when compared with SIT (8.61±2.99; t=0.11,P＞0.05).(2) The incidence rates of peri-lesion lymph node enlargement in SIA,SIL and SIT were 72.41％ (21/29),85.71％ (18/21) and 70.00％ (7/10),respectively (x2 =1.50,P＞0.05).The SUVmax of peri-lesion lymph nodes in SIA (5.59±2.86) was significantly lower than that of SIL (11.10±5.72; F=56.56,t=3.85,both P＜0.01),but was not significantly different when compared with SIT (5.63± 3.36; t =0.30,P＞ 0.05).The detection rate of PET/CT on pefi-lesion lymph node enlargement of SIA was higher than CT (41.38％,12/29; x2 =5.69,P＜0.05).(3) The incidence rate of extra-intestinal metastases was 55.17％ (16/29) in SIA,and the most common metastatic sites were liver,bone and adrenal gland.The incidence rate of extra-intestinal lesions was 66.67％ (14/21) in SIL,most commonly presented as widespread multifocal nodal permeation.Extra abdominal tuberculous loci were found in 80.00％ (8/10) of SIT.The incidence rates of extra-intestinal involvement were not significantly different among SIA,SIL and SIT (x2=2.13,P＞0.05).(4) Among the 29 SIA cases,15 (51.72％) involved the ileum,8 (27.59％) jejunum,4 (13.79％) both jejunum and ileum,and 2 (6.90％) both jejunum and duodenum (x2 =18.16,P＜0.01).(5) Among the 29 SIA cases,primary SIA was found in 8 cases (27.59％),double primary in 7 cases (24.14％) and metastatic SIA in 14 eases (48.28％).(6) Based on the clinical data,pathological results and clinical follow-up,the diagnosis of SIA by 18F-FDG PET/CT had a sensitivity and specificity of 93.10％ (27/29) and 80.00％ (8/10),respectively.Conclusions 18F-FDG PET/CT is useful for the differential diagnosis of S1A and for supporting the diagnosis of single primary,multi-primary and metastatic SIA.

Objective To study the effect of intercostal bronchial artery embolization(BAE) with gelatinum sponge(GS) or polyvinyl alcohol(PVA) in treating acute massive hemoptysis.Methods Fifty-two patients with acute massive hemoptysis underwent selective bronchial arteries angiogaphy first,then superselective bronchial arteries embolization using 3F SP catheter with GS in group A(n=24) and with PVA in group B(n=28).Results In group A,immediate control of hemoptysis was achieved in 16 patients(66.67%),marked reduce in bleeding was seen in 7 patients(29.17%),the effective rate was 95.83%.In group B,immediate control of hemoptysis was achieved in 24 patients(85.71%),marked reduce in bleeding was seen in one patients(14.29%),the effective rate was 100%(P﹥0.05).All patients were followed-up for one year.The recurrent rate was 25%(6 cases) in group A and 3.57%(1 case) in group B(P﹤0.05).Conclusion BAE with PVA is effective and safe method in treating serious hemoptysis.

Objective To obtain recombinant human pancreatic alpha-amylase protein (AMY2A). Methods Human pancreatic AMY2A cDNA was synthesized by RT-PCR using total RNA from human pancreatic tissues and a couple of primers designed according to the know sequence of human pancreatic alpha-amy lase gene, then digested with BamH Ⅰ and Kpn Ⅰ and inserted into the prokaryotic expression plasmid pGEX-5T vector. Construct The prokaryotic expression vector pGEX-5T-AMY2A was constructed and transformed into E. coli BL21 cell . Protein expressed under the induction of IPTG. The inclusion bodies were isolated and solubilized with urea and washed denatured and refolded. The fusion protein wes purified by affinity chrom atography with glutathione agarose. Results Sequence and restrction analysis revealed AMY2A gene was cloned in frame into pGEX-5T, SDS-PAGE profile showed a clear protein band with a relative molecular weight of 84000 and western blot indicated that the expressed product specifically reacted to polyclonal anti -human pancreatic AMY2A genes. Conclusion Human pancreatic AMY2A gene was successfully cloned,expressed and purification.

Objective To study the relationship between the 18F-FDG PET/CT whole body imaging characteristics and pathologic features of small intestine primary malignant neoplasms.Methods A retrospective study was carried out on 18F-FDG PET/CT data of patients(n =44)with small intestine disease(25 malignant,19 benign).All results were proved by pathologiy,or diagnostic therapy and/or clinical follow-up.The intestinal wall thickness(IWT)and maxium standardized uptake value(SUVmax)were used to analyze the imaging features under different pathological conditions.Results(1)The incidence rate of local tumor formation for benign and malignant intestinal lesions was 31.6％ and 84.0％(x2 =10.40,P ＜ 0.01),respectively.The IWT was(0.75 ± 0.32)cm and(1.42 ± 0.20)cm(t =2.66,P ＜ 0.01),respectively.The S UVmax was(5.17 ± 3.04)and(9.65 ± 5.48)(t =2.88,P ＜ 0.01),respectively.The incidence rate of enlargement of mesenteric lymph nodes for benign and malignant intestinal lesions was 52.6％ and 72.0％(x2 =1.01,P ＞ 0.05),respectively.The SUVmax was(4.80 ± 1.91)and(7.00 ± 5.61)(t =1.11,P ＞ 0.05),respectively.(2)The metastasis incidence rate of other organs for intestinal malignant lesions was 44.0％.The most common metastasis organs were liver(28.0％),distant lymph nodes(20.0％)and bone (16.0％).The most pathological type of intestinal malignant lesions were malignant lymphoma(44.0％),adenocarcinoma(32.0％).The IWT was(1.41 ± 0.59)cm and(1.36 ± 0.62)cm(t =0.18,P ＞ 0.05),respectively.The SUVmax was(12.49 ± 7.00)and(7.93 ± 2.82)(t =7.55,P ＜ 0.01),respectively.The metastasis incidence rate was 9.1％ and 62.5 ％(x2 =3.89,P ＜ 0.05),respectively.(3)Taking the intestinal local tumor formation and SUVmax andnot less than 4.2 0 wall thickening,and / or metastasis as the main basis of the intestinal malignant lesions,the sensitivity,specificity and accuracy were 96.0％,94.7％ and 95.4％,respectively.The main pathological type of false positive for '8F-FDG PET/CT imaging was intestinal tuberculosis,and false negative was signet(f)ing cell carcinoma.Conclusion 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging has a higher clinical diagnosis value in differentiating small intestine primary malignant carcinoma from benign ones.The size and SUVmax of perifocus lymph nodes could not point out its malignant degree.The 18F-FDG uptake of the lesions is correlated with pathological type.The IWT is not correlated with pathological type.

BACKGROUND: Endothelium-dependent vasodilatation (EDD) has been assessed by intracoronary acetylcholine infusion and digital subtraction angiography. However, its applications in continuous observing on early onset, progression and outcomes of clinical interventions of the disease are limited due to the potential trauma of the method. OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to assess the changes in brachial EDD in patients with hyperlipidemia using high-resolution ultrasound and to compare the outcomes of the patients to those of the healthy individuals. DESIGN: Case-control study SETTING: This study was carried out at the Cardiology Department and the Ultrasound Department of Xinyang CentralHospital PARTICIPANTS: Sixty patients with hyperlipidemia, 37 males and 23females, with an age ranging from 36 to 75 years old, were selected at the Cardiology Department of Xinyang Central Hospital from May 2001 to March 2002. They were divided into 3 groups according to abnormalities in blood lipid, as hypercholesterolemia group (HC, 20 cases),hypertriacylglycerolemia group (HTG, 20 cases) and mixed hyperlipidemia group (HLP,20 cases). Twenty voluntary individuals with normal physical examination findings were allocated into control group, 12 males and 8 females. Informed consents were obtained from all the eligible. METHODS: The brachial artery inner diameter and the changes in blood flow of the brachial artery were assessed using high-resolution ultrasound.After the patients having a rest for more than 10 minutes, the inner diameter (D0) and the baseline blood flow of their brachial artery were measured. The blood pressure cuff was placed under the elbow with a pressure at 300 mm Hg, lasting for 4 to 5 minutes and followed with a sudden deflation. 15 s after deflation, the reactive brachial artery inner diameter (D1) and the blood flow of the brachial artery were detected. The patients took another rest for more than 15 minutes and after the artery restored to a normal condition,the patients took nitroglycerol sublingually at a dose of 400 μg. Three to four minutes later, the brachial artery inner diameter (D2) and the blood flow of the brachial artery were detected. The increasing rate of the inner diameter of brachial artery were calculated, the increasing rate of reactive brachial artery inner diameter (%)= (D1-D0)/D0×100% and the increasing rate of post-treatment brachial artery inner diameter (%)=(D2-D0)/D0 ×100%.Meanwhile, the increasing rate of reactive blood flow (%)=(reactive blood flow-baseline blood flow)/ baseline blood flow (100% and the increasing rate of post-treatment blood flow (%)=(the post-treatment blood flow-baseline blood flow)/baseline blood flow×100%. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:In three hyperlipidemia groups and the control group, the inner diameter of the brachial artery were measured under resting conditions, in reactive congestion status and after sublingual nitroglycerol treatment respectively using high-resolution ultrasound. RESULTS: All the 60 patients with hyperlipidemia and 20 healthy controls entered the analysis procedure. In HC group, HTG group and HLP group, the increasing rate of reactive brachial-artery inner diameter were significantly lower than that in control group [(5.7±3.2)%, (5.4±3.0)%,(3.8±2.4)%, (11.3±3.1)%,P ＜ 0.05], which was most significant in HLP group. The increasing rate of both the reactive and the post-treatment blood flow in three experimental groups and the increasing rate of the post-treatment brachial-artery inner diameter were not significant (P ＞ 0.05). CONCLUSION:EDD were impaired significantly in patients with hyperlipidemia. High-resolution ultrasound is capable of assessing EDD accurately and reliably.

OBJECTIVESTo construct a prokaryotic recombinant vector for mouse lactate dehydrogenase-C and to detect its expression in BL21.

METHODSThe coding sequence of mouse lactate dehydrogenase subunit C was amplified from mouse testis RNA with specific primers, and cloned into pGEX-2T after the restriction digestion with BamH I and EcoR I. GST fusion protein was expressed after induction with IPTG.

RESULTSSequencing and restriction digestion of the recombinant plasmid revealed the existence of coding sequence for mouse lactate dehydrogenase subunit C. A protein band of about 60,000 could be induced by IPTG in the recombinant plasmid.

CONCLUSIONSThe coding sequence of mouse lactate dehydrogenase subunit C was introduced into the pGEX-2T plasmid and a GST-fused protein could be induced at a high level.

Animals ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; Glutathione Transferase ; genetics ; Isoenzymes ; genetics ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase ; genetics ; Male ; Mice ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; biosynthesis ; Spermatozoa ; enzymology