Objective:To explore correlation between the distribution of TCM syndromes in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) and its cardiopulmonary function.Methods:The general data and cardiopulmonary function test results of 220 hospitalized patients with CHF in the Cardiology Department of Shaanxi Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from June 2018 to June 2023 were retrospectively analyzed, and they were divided into 95 cases with deficiency in nature syndrome and 125 cases with excess in superficiality syndrome according to TCM syndrome diagnosis criteria. The difference of cardiopulmonary function indexes among patients with different TCM syndromes was observed, and the correlation between the distribution of TCM syndromes and cardiopulmonary function indexes was analyzed.Results:In 95 patients with deficiency in nature syndrome, qi-deficiency syndrome (21.82%, 48/220) accounted for the highest proportion, and in 125 patients with excess in superficiality, water-drinking syndrome (39.09%, 86/220) accounted for the highest proportion. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) [(48.84±5.14) % vs. (56.55±6.01) %, t=10.02], stroke cardiac output (SV) [(55.99±6.23) ml vs. (62.86±6.47) ml, t=7.93], cardiac output (CO) [(2.60±0.59) L/min vs. (2.99±0.51) L/min, t=5.25], cardiac index (CI) [(1.54±0.39) L/min?m 2vs. (1.82±0.42) L/min?m 2, t=5.05] of patients with deficiency in nature syndrome were lower than patients with excess in superficiality syndrome ( P<0.001). FVC [(2.16±0.37) L vs. (2.51±0.48) L, t=5.90], maximum vital capacity (VC max) [(2.66±0.42) L vs. (3.01±0.49) L, t=5.58], FEV1 [(2.73±0.42) L vs. (3.15±0.53) L, t=6.35] of patients with deficiency in nature syndrome were lower than those in patients with excess in superficiality syndrome ( P<0.001). Point-biserial correlation analysis showed that patients of CHF excess in superficiality syndrome were significantly correlated with LVEF, SV, CO, CI, FVC, VC max, and FEV1 ( r values are 0.698, 0.705, 0.684, 0.675, 0.719, 0.742, and 0.640, respectively, P<0.05). Conclusions:The deficiency in nature syndrome of CHF patients is qi-deficiency syndrome, and the excess in superficiality syndrome is water-drinking syndrome. The cardiopulmonary function of patients with excess in superficiality syndrome is at a lower level, and there is a significant correlation between patients with excess in superficiality syndrome and cardiopulmonary function. It can provide reference for TCM syndrome diagnosis of CHF patients by monitoring cardiopulmonary function.