Objective To evaluate the value of clinical pulmonary infection score (CPIS) and acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHEⅡ) in predicting the efficacy of noninvasive ventilation therapy in patients with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(AECOPD). Methods The clinical data of 67 AECOPD patients with respiratory failure were analyzed with CPIS and APACHE Ⅱ were calculated respectively. The trachea cannula and death rates of patients with different CPIS and APACHE Ⅱ were observed. Results CPIS≥18 scores and APACHE Ⅱ≥25 scores indicated higher trachea cannula and death rates (P< 0.01).The area under the curve was above 0.90 in both CPIS and APACHE Ⅱ . Conclusions CPIS and APACHE Ⅱ can be helpful in giving timely trachea eannula to AECOPD patients with respiratory failure. CPIS and APACHE Ⅱ play important roles in evaluation and forecasting prognosis.

Many major neurodegenerative diseases are associated with proteins misfolding and aggregation, which are also called "neurodegenerative conformational disease". The interaction of gene mutation and environmental factors are probably primary events resulting in oligomer and aggregate formations of proteins. Moreover, the dysfunctions of protein control systems, i.e. the ubiquitin-proteasome system and autophagy-lysosomal system, also contribute to the neurodegenerative process. The present review mainly summarizes protein misfolding and aggregation in the development of neurodegenerative conformational disease and the underling mechanisms, as well as upregulation of heatshock proteins as a promising treatment method for this kind of disease.

Objective To investigate the value of radiological and clinical features in predicting preoperatively spread through air spaces(STAS)in early-stage lung adenocarcinoma,and to provide patients with early-stage lung adenocarcinoma the reference in choice of the operation method.Methods The radiological and clinical data of 264 patients with resection of the pulmonary nodules were analyzed retrospectively,and the spicule sign,pleural indentation sign,vessel convergence sign,lobulated sign,vacuole sign,consolidation-to-tumor ratio(CTR)and general clinical data were analyzed.Results There were 110 cases with STAS positive and 154 cases with STAS negative.There were significant differences in smoking history,spicule sign,pleural indentation sign,and CTR between STAS positive and STAS negative(P＜0.05).CTR≥18.2％was an independent risk factor by logistic analysis.Conclusion CTR≥18.2％is an independent risk factor of STAS positive,while pulmonary nodules with spicule sign,pleural indentation sign and CTR≥18.2％are highly suspected STAS positive in smoking history patients,providing evidence in surgical method choice for patients with early-stage lung adenocarcinoma.