Objective To summmrize the clinical characteristics complications,antimicrobial resistance and prognosis in 15 children with streptococcus pneumoniae meningitis so as to improve the diagnosis and treatment of this disease.Methods A systematic retrospective analysis was carried out in the Qilu Children's Hospital of Shandong University from Jan.2010 to Jan.2013,and clinical data from 15 children with streptococcus pneumococcal meningitis were retrospectively analyzed and followed up for 6 months in order to observe the prognosis.Results Eleven cases of streptococcus pneumoniae meningitis occuned in the winter and spring.And it often occuned in children less than 2 years of age who lived in rural areas (13 cases).The clinical manifestations showed diverse characteristics,severe symptoms,obvious changes in symptoms and cerebrospinal fluid were observed.Severe or death cases had low temperature,low leukopenia or low blood platelet.Common complications of streptococcus pneumoniae meningitis included anemia (10 cases),hypoalbuminemia (9 cases),sepsis (8 cases).Multi-drug resistance and complications in streptococcus pneumoniae meningitis led to the therapeutic difficulties.In this study,3 cases were cured,9 cases had varying degrees of sequences,such as left languages,sports,hydrocephalus and cognitive dysfunction,and 3 cases died,and the main cause of death was multiple organ dysfunction syndrome.Conclusions Streptococcus pneumoniae meningitis mainly occurred in the winter and spring.And the children under 2 years of age who lives in rural areas were often attacked.Clinical characteristics and cerebrospinal fluid changes obviously; severe cases are common with low temperature,low leukopenia or blood platelet.And there aye often diverse complications and multi-sequelae; the problem of multi-drug resistant and complications can lead to great difficulties in the clinical treatment.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Blood Donors ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Diseases ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Graft vs Host Disease ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; adverse effects ; Hormones ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Transplantation, Homologous ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the age distribution and types of human papillomavirus (HPV) cervical infection in patients in Wuhan region, so as to provide scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of HPV infection and cervical cancer.Methods 9 915 exfoliated cervical cell specimens from patients in Wuhan Medical and Health Center for Women and Children between January 2015 and March 2016 were performed HPV genotyping (21 subtypes), clinical data of 1 732 HPV positive cases were statistically analyzed.Results HPV-positive rates in ≤25, 26~, 36~, 46~, and ≥56 age groups were 22.15%, 15.90%, 17.04%, 19.97%, and 17.57%,respectively (χ2=36.587,P<0.01),HPV-positive rates in ≤25 and 46~ age groups were both higher than other age groups.There were significant differences in single infection and multiple infection rates among different age groups respectively(χ2=14.39, 36.51,respectively, both P<0.05),single infection rate was highest in 46~ and ≤25 age groups (15.41% and 15.24% respectively);multiple infection rates was highest in ≤25 and ≥56 age groups (6.90% and 5.86% respectively).The percentage of single infection and multiple infection were 75.58% and 24.42% respectively, the major single infection type was HPV high-risk subtype (84.34%),the major multiple infection types were high-risk and high-risk compound subtype as well as high-risk and low-risk compound subtype, accounting for 60.52% and 38.77% respectively.The main single infection types were HPV high-risk subtypes 33, 68, 31 and 16, as well as and low-risk subtype 11, the ratios of single infection to multiple infection were 3.13, 2.03, 1.71, 1.67 and 2.00 respectively.Conclusion Cervical infection rates in women in Wuhan region is high in ≤25 and 46~ age groups, there are differences in the distribution of different HPV subtypes of single infection and multiple infection.

Objective To study the temporal changes of alveolar epithelial type Ⅱ cells and surfactant pro-tein A in young rats with acute lung injury induced by lipopolysaecharide. Method Totally 110 SD young rats (male:53, female : 57) were randomly divided into ALI and normal control groups (six subgroups in each group).LPS(4 mg/kg) was given intraperitoneally in ALI group. The same amount of normal saline was given in the con-trol groups. Eight rats in each subgroup were sacrificed at 6, 12, 24, 36, 48 and 72 hours after the injection.Lung samples were taken for transmission electron microscope examination. RT-PCR was epmloyed for the mea-surement of SP-A mRNA. Western blot was used for the detection of SP-A in the lung tissue. ANOVA and homo-geneity of variance test were performed by SPSS 12.0. Results The microvilli disappeared at 24 hours after the injection of LPS. The number of lamellar body (LBs) was provisionality increased at 24 hours and 48 hours. The ring-like an'angement of LBs around nucleus and the giant LB with vacuole-like deformity were found as the main characteristics of AEC- Ⅱ in ALI at 48 hours. The number of LBs reduced and broken and residual LB remained at 72 hours. SP-A elevated greatly from 24 to 48 hours (P < 0.01), reached peak at 36 hours (6.94 ± 0.80, P <0.01),reached the lowest level(3.87 ±0.50, P <0.01)at 72 hours. Conclusions The pathological changes of AEC-Ⅱ and SP-A in lung tissue wiht ALI are time-dependent. The typical alterations of AEC- Ⅱ occurs at 48 hours accompanied by the compensatory increase of SP-A. AEC- Ⅱ is seriously injuried with the typical changes of LBs and the diminishing of SP-A in lung tissue.

Evaluation of the permeability mainly focuses on intestinal absorption in biopharmaceutics classification system (BCS). It is more complicated that the absorption and metabolism under multicomponent environment in biopharmaceutics classification system of Chinese materia medica (CMMBCS) compared with single component environment, which needs suitable mathematical models to be described. Therefore, with full consideration of existing single component mathematical algorithm combining with the characteristics of intestinal absorption and metabolism, we explored and designed a new mathematical algorithm of intestinal absorption and metabolism of multicomponent drug. Then we put forward a new coefficient, P (influence), the relative change rate of the single component's intestinal absorption and metabolism under multicomponent environment compared with single component environment, which described the influences of intestinal absorption and metabolism of the component under multicomponent environment. Moreover, P (influence) highlights the distinctive characteristics of multicomponent drug's intestinal absorption and metabolism, and lays the foundation for the construction of CMMBCS.
Algorithms ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Humans ; Intestinal Absorption ; Intestines ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Models, Theoretical ; Solubility

Objective To examine the complement component 1 Q subcomponent-binding protein (C1QBP) gene expression in human resistance choriocarcinoma cell lines and its parental cell line JeG-3,and to investigate whether silence C 1QBP by small interference RNA could reverse the resistance of human resistance choriocarcinoma cell lines to its relevant chemotherapy drugs.Methods Expression of C1QBP mRNA and protein in cells were detected by real-time fluorogenic quantitative PCR and western blot,respectively.The difference of C 1QBP expression was compared between human resistance choriocarcinoma cell lines and its parental cell line JeG-3.Sub-cellular location was proved by confocal immunofluorescence microscopy.A lentiviral vector containing short hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting C 1QBP was constructed and cotransfected with the packaging plasmid mixture into 293T cells by lipofectamine 2000.The human resistance choriocarcinoma cell lines were infected with the packaged lentivirus.Real-time fluorogenic quantitative PCR and western blot were used to validate whether the C 1QBP gene expression was silenced.The cell counting kit 8(CCK8)was used to determine the drug sensitivity.Results (1)The C1QBP mRNA expression levels among four human resistance choriocarcinoma cell lines[JeG-3/floxuridiuum (FUDR),JeG-3/methotrexate (MTX),JeG-3/etoposide (VP),JeG-3/dactinomycin (KSM)] were 2.520±0.680,1.770±0.230,1.940±0.090 and 1.740±0.350 folds compared to that in JeG-3 cells.The C1QBP protein was higher expression level in human resistance choriocarcinoma cell lines than that in JeG-3.The immunofluorescence methods and confocal analysis showed that C1QBP localized predominantly in the mitochondrial matrix.(2)The C1QBP mRNA expression in JeG-3/FUDR cells after infected with lentiviral vector were decreased by 93.1％ (P＜0.01).The protein expression of C 1QBP in JeG-3/FUDR cells after infected with lentiviral vector were almost completely suppressed.The resistance indexes of four human resistance choriocarcinoma cell lines(JeG-3/FUDR,JeG-3/MTX,JeG-3/VP,JeG-3/KSM) were respectively 86.3％,93.9％,92.8％ and 89.9％,which were decreased remarkably by knockdown the C 1QBP expression (P＜0.05).Conclusions C1QBP is overexpressed in human resistance choriocarcinoma cell lines compared with parental cell line JeG-3.Inhibition of C 1QBP by lentivirus-mediated small interference RNA could effectively reverses the resistance of human resistance choriocarcinoma cell lines to its relevant chemotherapy drugs.

Objective To investigate effects of Baishile Capsules on cAMP-CREB-BDNF signal pathway about hippocampal neurogenesis in model rats with chronic unpredicted stress depression. Methods SD rats were randomly divided into blank group, model group, fluoxetine hydrochloride group, and Baishile Capsules high, medium, and low dose groups. Chronic stress depression rat model was established by chronic and mild unpredictable stressors. All groups were given relevant medicine for 21 days. The open-field test, sugar consumption experiment, place navigation test, and space searching experiment were used to detect behavior changes of the rats. ELISA was used to detect content of corticosterone in plasma. The protein expressions of PKA, BDNF, and CREB were detected by immunohistochemical method. Results Compared with model group, Baishile Capsules high dose and medium dose groups could remarkably increase the number of vertical and horizontal activities and 1% sucrose partial eclipse. Platform latency and target quadrant searching time decreased significantly in Baishile Capsules high dose group (P<0.05), and content of corticosterone in plasma increased obviously (P<0.05) in Baishile Capsules all dose groups. Protein expressions of PKA, CREB, and BDNF in hippocampal DG and CA3 area increased significantly (P<0.05) in Baishile Capsules high dose group. Conclusion Baishile Capsules can promote hippocampal neurogenesis through the cAMP-CREB-BDNF signal pathway and realize anti-depression effect.

Background Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a serious neurological injury that often leads to permanent disabilities for the victims.The aim of this study was to determine the effects of glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) mediated by recombinant adeno-associated virus type 2 (rAAV2) alone or in combination with early rehabilitation training on SCI.Methods SCI was induced on the T8-9 segments of the spinal cord by laminectomy in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats.Then besides the sham operation group,the SCI rats were randomly divided into four groups:natural healing group,gene therapy group,rehabilitation training group,and combination therapy group (gene therapy in combination with rehabilitation training).Motor dysfunction,protein expression of GDNF,edema formation,and cell injury were examined 7,14,and 21 days after trauma.Results The topical application of rAAV-GDNF-GFP resulted in strong expression of GDNF,especially after the 14th day,and could protect the motor neuron ceils.Early rehabilitative treatment resulted in significantly improved motor function,reduced edema formation,and protected the cells from injury,especially after the 7th and 14th days,and increased the GDNF expression in the damaged area,which was most evident after Day 14.The combined application of GDNF and early rehabilitative treatment after SCI resulted in a significant reduction in spinal cord pathology and motor dysfunction after the 7th and 14th days.Conclusion These observations suggest that rAAV2 gene therapy in combination with rehabilitation therapy has potential clinical value for the treatment of SCI.

A in vitro platelet aggregation bioassay was developed for the quality control of XST capsules. The in vitro anti-platelet aggregation effect in rats was observed to detect the bioactivity of XST capsules. Panax notoginseng saponins and Xuesaitong lyophilizedpowder for injection were taken as standard control substances to determine the potency. According to the results, XST capsules showeda significant inhibitory effect on thrombin-induced platelet aggregation in a dose-dependent manner. The in vitro anti-platelet activity oflyophilized powder for injection was stabler than that of Panax notoginseng saponins, and so suitable to serve as a standard control substance. The biological potency of XST capsules compared with standard control substance was detected by using parallel line assay. According to the results, the established bioassay method had a good repeatability (RSD 2.92%). The sample test results could pass thereliability test(linear deviation P > 0.05, parallel deviation P > 0.05). This bioassay method could be used as one of the complementary quality control methods for XST capsules.
Animals ; Capsules ; pharmacology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Male ; Panax notoginseng ; chemistry ; Platelet Aggregation ; drug effects ; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Saponins ; pharmacology

The objective of this study was to analyze the relationship between some chemokines and the pathogenesis of GVHD and to find some biomarkers with diagnostic significance through observing and comparing the changes of some chemokine levels in samples from patients with or without aGVHD after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). 26 plasma samples were obtained from 26 patients undergoing allo-HSCT at various time points after transplantation, of which 13 samples from patients with aGVHD were served as investigating group and 13 samples from patients without GVHD after Allo-HSCT were used as control group. The patient characteristics between the two groups were compared, the levels of 40 chemokines in these samples were detected by ELISA, the changes of chemokine levels in samples of 2 groups were analyzed by means of significance analysis microarray (SAM), clustering method and c-test. The results showed that there were significant differences in levels of 6 chemokines including HCC-1, MIF, IP-10, ITAC, TARC and NAP-2 between 2 groups, in which the level of MIF in plasma samples after HSCT was the highest, the difference of TARC level between 2 groups was over 10-fold. It is concluded that the level changes of chemokines mentioned above can be used as a indicator of GVHD presence, but their pathogenetic role in occurrence of aGVHD remains to be determined.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Chemokines ; blood ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Graft vs Host Disease ; blood ; pathology ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Transplantation, Homologous ; Young Adult