Objective To evaluate the diagnostic evaluation of isotropic scanning and Lung Care soft- ware in solitary pulmonary nodules,and to improve the diagnostic accuracy.Methods 52 patients suffered from SPN were included in our study.Two experts in CT analyzed the films.First,they read the axial images and made diagnosis.Then isotropic scanning and lung care software approaches were used on 16 spiral CT and another analysis were made again.The results were compared with pathological diagnosis respectively. Results Spiculated sign,lobulated sign,vessel convergence were found more on isotropic scanning approach, that had significant difference with axial images analysis(P

Abstract: Objective　To understand the kdr (knockdown resistance, kdr) gene mutation of the voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) of Anopheles sinensis in Yunnan Province. Methods　From 2018 to 2019, mosquitoes were collected in Luoping County, Suijiang County, Tengchong City, Yingjiang County, Yuanjiang County and Mengla County in Yunnan Province. The collected mosquitoes were morphologically identified as Anopheles sinensis and genomic DNA was extracted by kits. The DNA templates were sequenced after PCR amplification and the sequencing results were identify as Anopheles sinensis by homology alignment in NCBI. After the ⅡS5 and ⅡS6 fragments of the sodium channels in Anopheles sinensis were amplified and sequenced, the sequencing results were multiple aligned by DNAMAN software, and the mutations were analyzed one by one with BioEdit software to determine the kdr allele types and genotypes, and the frequencies were calculated. Results This survey amplified 287 sequences, and the sequence maps showed that 1014 loci had three alleles, including wild type TTG/L (89.20%), mutant type TTT/F (9.76%) and TCG/S (1.04%). Five genotypes: homozygous wildtype L/L (85.02%), homozygous mutant F/F (6.27%) and S/S (0.35%), heterozygous mutant L/F (6.97%) and L/S (1.39%). The wild type allele TTG/L was the main allele in six sampling sites except Suijiang County. The frequency of wild type allele in Tengchong City was the highest (100.00%). That is, no mutation was detected, while the rest of counties occurred different degrees of mutation at 1014 loci. The frequency of mutant allele in Suijiang County was the highest, reaching 55.68%. Luoping County, Mengla County and Suijiang County had two mutant types. Yingjiang County and Yuanjiang County had one heterozygous mutant L/F. Conclusion　Wild type L1014 (TTG/L) is still dominant in most areas of Yunnan Province. The kdr mutation type is mainly L1014F, followed by L1014S, and the mutation frequency is lower than that in central provinces of China.

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of nano-SiO2 on spatial learning and memory.

METHODSTwenty-four male rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: control group (C group), low dose group (L group) and high dose group (H group). The rats were intragastrically administrated with nanometer particles at 25 and 100 mg/kg body weight every day for 4 weeks. After exposure, the ability of learning and memory of rats was tested by Morris water maze, and electrophysiological brain stereotactic method was used to test long-tear potentiation (LTP) in dentate gyrus (DG) of the rats.

RESULTSThe increase rate of body weight in H group was reduced significantly compared with C group ( P < 0.05). In the space exploration experiment of Morris water maze test, the escape latency of H group was longer than that of C group (P < 0.05). The rats of H group spent less time in finding the target quadrant (P < 0.05) . The rate of LP induction of H group was significantly lower than that of C group (P < 0.05). After high fre quency stimulation (HFS), The changes of amplitude of population spike (PS) of L group and H group were lower than those of C group significantly (P < 0.05, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONNano-SiO₂may result in impairment of spatial learning and memory ability by reducing the rate of LTP induction and the increase of PS in hippocampus.

Animals ; Dentate Gyrus ; drug effects ; Long-Term Potentiation ; drug effects ; Male ; Maze Learning ; drug effects ; Memory ; drug effects ; Nanoparticles ; adverse effects ; Rats ; Silicon Dioxide ; adverse effects ; Spatial Learning ; drug effects

Objective:To investigate the effect of upregulated and downregulated PSMA7 on the cell cycle and Cyclin D1,CDK4,P16,Rb of RB pathway in A549 cells.Methods:Transfected upregulated pcDNA3.1-PSMA7 vecter and downregulated pGPU6/Hygro-PSMA7-265 vecter into A549 cells,and then tested the effect of PSMA7 on the cell cycle of A549 cells by flow cytometry,and detected the protein level of Cyclin D1,CDK4,P16,Rb by Western blot.Results:Compared with the control group,the cell cycle of the A549 cells did not change significantly,and the expression of Cyclin D1,CDK4 decreased but P16,Rb increased when PSMA7 was upregulated.Compared with the control group,the proportion of phase G0/G1,G2/M of the A549 cells decreased and phase S increased,and the expression of Cyclin D1,CDK4 increased but P16,Rb decreased when PSMA7 was downregulated.There was statistical significance for those results.Conclusion:PSMA7 could affect the expression of Cyclin D1,CDK4,P16,Rb protein level of RB pathway in A549 and promoted the A549 cells into phase S when it′s downregulated.

Objective To study the roles of icariin and cyclic tensile strain (CTS) in promoting the osteogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) and the molecular mechanisms involved.Methods ASCs were isolated from Sprague-Dawley rats and treated either with icariin (10-7 mol/L) or with 1000 μ,2000 μ or 3000 μ of CTS for 7 days,or with icariin plus CTS at 2000 μ for three days.Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was detected after 3 and 7 days of intervention.Western blotting was performed to detect the expression of Runt-related transcriptional factor 2 (Runx2),Yes-associated protein (YAP) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) after the third day of the intervention.A reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was performed at 7 days to detect the expression of osteopontin (OPN) and collagen la and after 3 days to detect the expression of the YAP target gene,CTGF and ankyrin repeating domain 1 (Ankrd1).Results Icariin and CTS at 1000 μ,2000 μ or 3000 μ could all significantly promote the expression of ALP protein.CTS at 2000 μ was the nost effective.The co-treatment with icariin and CTS significantly promoted ALP protein expression compared with icariin or CTS treatment alone.It also significantly promoted the expression of Runx2 and CTGF protein.Icariin or CTS (2000 μ) alone could not promote the expression of YAP protein,but icariin combined with CTS (2000 μ) promoted it significantly.Either icariin or CTS (2000 μ) could significantly promote ALP activity after 3 and 7 days,but icariin combined with CTS had the most obvious effect.Both icariin and CTS (2000 μ) could also significantly promote the expression of the osteogenesis-related genes OPN and collagen la,as well as the YAP targeted genes CTGF and Ankrdl.However,the combination of icariin and CTS had the greatest effect in promoting the expression of OPN mRNA,collagen la mRNA,CTGF mRNA and ankrdl mRNA.Conclusion Icariin and CTS co-treatment may promote osteogenic differentiation of ASCs via activating YAP expression.

Objective:To compare the clinical effect of anterior and posterior resection,bone grafting and internal fixation on the spinal tuberculosis.Methods:82 cases of patients with spinal tuberculosis in our hospital from February 2014 to August 2015 were selected and randomly divided into the control group and the observation group with 41 cases in each group.Both groups received conventional anti tuberculosis treament and underwent debridement bone graft and internal fixation treatment,the control group underwent anterior internal fixation,while the observation group underwent posterior internal fixation.The operation time,intraoperative blood loss,low back pain relief time,ambulation time and hospitalization time were compared between two groups.All patients were followed up for 6 months,the Frankel grade and serum Thl7 cell related factors levels were compared between two groups before and after operation.Results:The low back pain relief time,ambulation time and hospitalization time of observation group were significantly shorter than those of the control group(P＜0.01).After operation,the Frankel classification grade A and B ratio of observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P＜0.05),the serum IL-10,IL-17,IL-23 and TGF-beta 1 levels were significantly lower than those of the control group (P＜0.01).Conclusion:Anterior resection combined with posterior bone graft inFixation could effectively promote the rehabilitation of spinal tuberculosis,reduce the severity of spinal injury,relieve the inflammatory response and promote the recovery of immune function.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) represents a significant global public health challenge. Despite the availability of several approved drugs for hepatitis B treatment, the persistence of covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) renders HBV eradication elusive, thereby leading to disease relapse after drug withdrawal. This paper reviews the regulatory mechanisms of cccDNA formation, transcription and replication, and summarizes the research progress of related small molecule regulators from the perspective of medicinal chemistry.

Hepatitis B virus infection is a serious threat to human life and health. The approved anti-HBV drugs including interferons and nucleos(t)ide analogues have serious adverse effect, rebound phenomena after drug withdrawal, and drug resistance. And the cccDNA cannot be completely eliminated by both of them, which is the reason why a complete cure for hepatitis B cannot be achieved. Therefore, developing anti-HBV drugs directly targeting protein or nucleic acid of HBV remains a current public health priority. Based on the analysis of representative literature from the last decade, this article reviews recent developments in small molecule inhibitors directly targeting HBV from a medicinal chemistry perspective.

OBJECTIVERefractory temporal lobe epilepsy (TCE) shows a unique type of hippocampal damage, referred to as hippocampal sclerosis. The mechanisms underlying drug-refractoriness in TCE are poorly understood, which may be connected with pharmacoresistance to antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). Some studies show that expression of the multidrug resistance gene (mdr1a and mdr1b) and p-glycoprotein encoded by mdr1a and mdr1b are high in the brain, especially in the hippocampus, and the expression may lead to reduction of AEDs concentration in the brain. But most of these studies focused on acute epileptic activity shortly after status epilepticus (SE), spontaneous seizures are seldom studied. The authors used a rat model of kainic acid induced spontaneous seizures to investigate expression of mdr1a and mdr1b mRNA, and explore whether topiramate (TPM) affects expression of mdr1a and mdr1b in the hippocampus.

METHODSSeizures were induced by intraperitoneal injection of 10 mg/kg kainic acid at postnatal day 28. Control rats were injected with sodium chloride. All rats were divided into 4 groups 1 week after spontaneous seizures developed: status epilepticus complicated with spontaneous seizures (SE, n = 8) group, status epilepticus complicated with spontaneous seizures treated with TPM (SE + TPM, n = 9) group, spontaneous seizures without status epilepticus (N-SE, n = 7) group, spontaneous seizures without status epilepticus treated with TPM (N-SE + TPM, n = 8) group, control (n = 7) group and control treated with TPM (control + TPM, n = 7) group. The treated rats were given therapeutic dose of TPM (25 mg/kg). All the rats were killed on the 42nd day of administration. The mdr1a and mdr1b mRNAs in the hippocampus were measured by RT-PCR.

RESULTSExpression of mdr1a and mdr1b mRNA in the hippocampus increased significantly in the SE + TPM group, SE group and N-SE + TPM group compared with control group (P < 0.001 or < 0.05). The mRNA in SE + TPM group increased significantly compared with the SE group, too (P < 0.01). The mdr1a and mdr1b mRNA expression in the hippocampus in control + TPM and N-SE groups did not change.

CONCLUSIONFrequent seizures, especially status epilepticus resulted in overexpression of mdr1a and mdr1b mRNAs in the hippocampus. The drug-refractoriness mechanism in TCE may be related to overexpression of mdr1a and mdr1b mRNAs. TPM could enhance the expression of mdr1a and mdr1b mRNAs in the hippocampus. Seizure activity and TPM are likely to be the main determinant in enhancing mdr1a and mdr1b mRNA expression in epilepsy.

ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family B, Member 1 ; metabolism ; Animals ; Anticonvulsants ; pharmacology ; Fructose ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Hippocampus ; metabolism ; Kainic Acid ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; Rats ; Seizures ; chemically induced ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Status Epilepticus ; drug therapy ; metabolism

Objective To further investigate the accuracy of the real-time three-dimensional echocardiography(RT-3DE) in evaluating right ventricular(RV) systolic function.Methods RT-3DE,MRI and SPECT were used to study a total 30 patients including 10 with coronary artery disease,7 with hypertension,5 with cardiomyopathy,5 with atrial septal defect,and 3 with pulmonary hypertension.The RV end-diastolic volume(RVEDV),RV end-systolic volume(RVESV),RV stroke volume(RVSV) and RV ejection fraction(RVEF) were measured.The correlation and the difference between different modalities were compared.Results RT-3DE had a good correlation with MRI in RVEDV,RVESV,RVSV and RVEF (rEDV =0.811,rESV =0.837,rSV =0.818,and rEF =0.701).Also RT-3DE had a correlation with SPECT in RVEDV,RVESV,and RVSV(rEDV =0.526,rESV =0.493,rSV =0.514),but there was no correlation between RT-3DE and SPECT in RVEF (rEF =0.235).Conclusions RT-3DE can assess RV systolic function accurately.