The effect of addition nucleotides on heparinase production by Flavobacterium heparinum was reseached. The result indicated that addition of nucleotides cause different effects on heparinase production depend on its addi ng mode, single kind of nucleotide would restrain, but multiplex promote. The s trongest promotion happened when the propotion of nucleotides was consistent wit h the nucleic acids of heparinase mRNA. HPLC result confined the entrance of nu cleoides to the bactera cell. And it also suggested the synthesis metabolic of nucleic acids in F.heparinum was imbalance, there always be higher lever of purin nucleoides. L-Asp was added to medium culture to enhance pyridine nucle oides thynesis in order to improve the enzyme production ,which has been affecte d by the imbalance of nucleoides.

OBJECTIVEInvestigating the antioxidant activities of water and ethanol extracts of natural Cordyceps sinensis and Cordyceps militaris and their fermentation preparations.

METHODThe samples were tested through 6 assays: inhibition ability of linoleic acid oxidation; scavenging activity of DPPH, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radical and superoxide anion; and metal chelating activity.

RESULTSamples showed different antioxidant ability, and there was not an extract that exhibited high activity in all assays; however, water extract of natural C. militaris could be regarded as the most powerful antioxidant among 8 samples. It had high activity in inhibition of linoleic acid oxidation, chelating metal ions, and scavenging DPPH and hydroxyl radical. The research also indicated that the contents of phenolic compounds in water and ethanol extracts of natural and cultured Cordyceps sp. had huge difference.

CONCLUSIONNatural Cordyceps sp. and its fermentation preparations could be used as potential natural antioxidants. The fermented process affected the antioxidant ability of cultured Cordyceps sp., and the antioxidant activity of both natural and cultured Cordyceps sp. did not significantly related with the quantity of phenolics.

Antioxidants ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Chelating Agents ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Cordyceps ; chemistry ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Ethanol ; Fermentation ; Flavonoids ; analysis ; metabolism ; Free Radical Scavengers ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Linoleic Acid ; metabolism ; Materia Medica ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Oxidation-Reduction ; drug effects ; Phenols ; analysis ; metabolism ; Polyphenols

OBJECTIVETo investigate myocardial protection and prognosis of the different operative procedures of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) for the senile patients with coronary artery disease.

METHODSFrom July 2008 to June 2009, 125 cases (age ≥ 65 years old) underwent CABG were divided into 3 groups.Group A (70 cases) undertook off-pump CABG, group B (33 cases) undertook on-pump beating heart CABG. group C (22 cases) undertook on-pump CABG with cardiac arrest. Serum level of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) and creatine kinase MB isoenzyme (CK-MB) activity were examined right before operation and 0, 24, 72 and 168 h after operation. The complications during perioperative period and the mortality were investigated.

RESULTSNo significant difference was found in the right before operation and 168 h after operation of the serum level of cTnI and CK-MB in the 3 groups (P > 0.05). The serum level of cTnI and CK-MB activity of group A was the lowest and group B was lower than group C. Group A was the best concerning the complications during perioperative period. The mortality of group A was lower than group B but no significant difference was found in the mortality between group A and C. No significant difference was found in the complications during perioperative period and the mortality between group B and C.

CONCLUSIONOff-pump CABG could reduce myocardial injury and the complications during perioperative period in the senile patients.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Cardiopulmonary Bypass ; Coronary Artery Bypass ; methods ; Coronary Artery Bypass, Off-Pump ; Coronary Disease ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Prognosis

The dynamic monitoring to concrete species is the basis of dynamic monitoring to entire traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) resources. In this paper, the method for the dynamic monitoring to resources species of TCM is discussed. By analysis of the factors, which affect resources species dynamically, methods are suggested to monitor factors, forecast trend of dynamic and appraise recruitment capability by analysis of population's age structure and size structure. The methods for collecting and analysis relative data are also recommended.
Conservation of Natural Resources ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional

Objective To observe the clinical therapial value of functional reconstruction with Botulinum Toxin A (BTA) on spasitic cerebral palsy. Methods Thirty-two patients were treated by Achilles tendon lengthening and anterior transfer of posterior tibial tendon.According to the spasticity of triceps surae muscle,all cases were arranged by BTA injection 2 months later after operation.Results From Jan.2000 to Jan.2009,thirty-two cases with equinovarus foot of spasticitical cerebral palsy were collected,the muscle strength of ankle dorsal extensor increased from 0-2 grades to 4-5 grades,there was significant difference between preoperational muscle strength and postoperational one.There was also significant improvement to adjust yarus degrees of ankle joint.the musclar tension of triceps muscle of calf decreased from Ⅱ-Ⅳ grades to Ⅰ-Ⅱ grades. Conclusion Anterior transfer of posterior tibial tendon corresponding with Botulinum Toxin A injection not only release muscle spasticity but also improve dorsal extending strength of ankle joint.The clinical effect of these methods was reliable on cerebral palsy.

BACKGROUNDIntraoperative Doppler sonography has been used in the neurosurgical operating room for the localization and description of cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). This study aimed to investigate the clinical value of contrast-enhanced intraoperative Doppler sonography, including its ability to assess the location and identify of feeding arteries in patients with AVMs and to compare this method with angiography.

METHODSTwenty-three patients with cerebral AVMs who were diagnosed using angiography, were examined with contrast-enhanced intraoperative Doppler sonography. As an echo-enhancing agent, Sulphur Hexafluoride Microbubbles for Injection ("SonoVue") was administered intravenously in all patients. Sonogram results were reviewed and correlated with angiographic findings. For statistical analysis, the Wilcoxon signed-rank test was applied.

RESULTSAngiography identified 20 AVM lesions in the anterior or middle fossa and 3 in the posterior fossa. Contrast-enhanced intraoperative Doppler was somewhat less sensitive for only detecting 21/23 (91.3%) of the AVM lesions. Additionally, contrast-enhanced intraoperative Doppler slightly underestimated AVM size compared with angiographic findings but showed feeding arteries with sufficient acoustic properties. In 15 patients, angiography revealed a coincidental blood supply from another intracranial vessel, which was missed by contrast-enhanced intraoperative Doppler sonography.

CONCLUSIONSIn a limited group of patients with AVMs, contrast-enhanced intraoperative Doppler sonography was a less sensitive but useful and simple method for the detection of AVMs in contrast to angiography. No specific untoward effects were attributed to the use of "SonoVue" as a contrast-enhancing substance.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Cerebral Angiography ; methods ; Contrast Media ; Humans ; Image Enhancement ; Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations ; diagnosis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phospholipids ; Sulfur Hexafluoride ; Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial ; methods

BACKGROUNDAcute renal failure following coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Approximately half of all patients who develop acute kidney injury (AKI) subsequently develop acute renal failure (ARF). The purpose of the study was to compare early transient changes in renal function within the first post-operative week following CABG in patients that were either off-pump or on-pump.

METHODSEight hundred and forty-nine consecutive patients with isolated CABG in a single institution between January 1990 and August 2006 were retrospectively analyzed, including 518 off-pump and 331 on-pump patients. A multivariate Logistic regression model was constructed to identify risk factors for the development of AKI.

RESULTSSixty-one off-pump patients and 63 on-pump patients developed AKI. Risk factors for the development of post-operative AKI included an ejection fraction > or =50% or < or =30%, a pulse pressure > or =60 mmHg, peripheral vascular disease, diabetes, emergent procedure, triple-vessel disease, body mass index, peri-operative and post-operative. intra-aortic balloon pumping, NYHA class III and IV, and cardiopulmonary bypass. An ejection fraction > or =50% and peri-operative and post-operative intra-aortic balloon pumping were protective (OR <1). Peak serum creatinine for post-operative AKI was noted 12 hours and 24 hours in the off-pump and on-pump patients, respectively. Serum creatinine kinetics revealed rapid recovery in the 24th to 48th hour (off-pump) and the 48th to 72nd hour (on-pump).

CONCLUSIONRenal protection strategies are indicated from general anesthesia induction until 48 and 72 hours post-operatively in off-pump and on-pump patients, respectively.

Acute Kidney Injury ; etiology ; Aged ; Coronary Artery Bypass ; adverse effects ; Coronary Artery Bypass, Off-Pump ; adverse effects ; Creatinine ; blood ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney ; physiopathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVETo investigate the incidence and risk factors of acute kidney injury (AKI) within the first postoperative week after off-pump or on-pump coronary artery bypass (OPCAB or CCAB) surgery.

METHODSConsecutive patients underwent CABG between January 1990 and August 2006 in our institution and had normal serum creatinine (Scr) and estimated creatinine clearance (Ccr) values before operation were retrospectively analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors for the development of AKI defined as Scr 130 - 199 micromol/L or Ccr 30 - 60 mlxmin(-1)x1.73 m(-2).

RESULTSIncidence of AKI was significantly higher in patients underwent CCAB compared to those underwent OPCAB (63/331 vs. 61/518, P < 0.01). Peak Scr value was seen at 12th hour post OPCAB and 24th hour post CCAB, respectively. The rapid recovering of Scr occurred between 24th hour to 48th hour in patients underwent OPCAB and 48th hour to 72th hour in patients underwent CCAB surgery. Multivariate forward stepwise logistic regression analysis showed that LVEF < 30%, pulse pressure >/= 60 mm Hg (1 mm Hg = 0.133 kPa), peripheral vascular disease, diabetes, emergent procedure, triple-vessel disease, higher body mass index (kg/m(2)), intraoperative and postoperative IABP, NYHA class III or IV and cardiopulmonary bypass were risk factors for the development of postoperative AKI following CABG, while LVEF > 50% and intraoperative and postoperative IABP were associated with lower incidence of AKI (OR < 1).

CONCLUSIONAKI is not a rare complication post OPCAB or CCAB surgery, especially in patients with reduced LVEF, increased pulse pressure, peripheral vascular disease, diabetes, emergent procedure, triple-vessel disease, higher body mass index, intraoperative and postoperative IABP.

Acute Kidney Injury ; etiology ; Aged ; Cardiopulmonary Bypass ; adverse effects ; Coronary Artery Bypass ; adverse effects ; Coronary Artery Bypass, Off-Pump ; adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors

OBJECTIVETo summarize and analyze the experience in diagnosis and treatment of primary malignant tumors of the heart and pericardium.

METHODSThe clinical data of 24 patients with malignant tumors of the heart and pericardium treated in our hospital between Jun. 1980 and Mar. 2008 were retrospectively analyzed and the related literature was reviewed.

RESULTSAll 24 patients received surgical treatment. Radical resection in 10 cases and partial resection in 6 cases were performed, and the remaining 8 patients received only surgical exploration due to unresectable tumors. One patient died of cardiopulmonary failure in early postoperative stage and all the other patients died within 4 years after operation due to recurrence or metastases.

CONCLUSIONEchocardiography, CT, MRI, 3D-CT, CT of coronary artery and cardiac angiography are helpful for the diagnosis and selection of operation mode. Histological examination is necessary for the final diagnosis. Early diagnosis and surgical resection of the tumor as complete as possible, and combination with post-operative radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy may improve the survival of the patients.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Heart Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Mesothelioma ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Middle Aged ; Myxoma ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Pericardium ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the quality of life on brachial plexus injury patients in crosssectional study method and acquire related data. To analysis the effect factors and try to study on the methods which help to improve the quality of life of these patients. To our knowledge, this is the first study that measures quality of life of the brachial plexus injury patients in China. Methods Research participants completed the Chinese version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment-Bref (WHOQOL-BREF) and the 5-items version of International Index of Erectile Dysfunction Questionnaire (IIEF-5) for male.Data were typed into computer and analyzed with SPSS version 13.0. Correlations between domain scores and hospital stay, age, and family monthly income variables were analyzed with Spearman non-parameter correlation analysis. Results Fifty-one valid questionnaires were retrieved. The average score of these patients in physical, psychological, environment domains were 11.47 ± 2.36, 12.37 ± 2.28 and 11.62 ± 2.22, respectively. They were significantly lower than the norm groups in national studies which were 15.8 ± 2.9, 14.3 ±2.5 and 13.2 ± 2.4 (P ＜ 0.01 ). The average score of IIEF-5 was ( 17.83 ± 4.65), significantly lower than the normal score of 22 (P ＜ 0.01 ). Significant correlation was found among physical domain and age(P ＜ 0.05),family monthly income (P ＜ 0.05) and IIEF-5 score(P ＜ 0.01). Psychological domain also has significant correlation with IIEF-5 score (P ＜ 0.05) and so does environment domain with family monthly income (P ＜0.05). Conclusion Brachial plexus injury patients showed a reduction in quality of life scores. Even though the physical aspect was the most affected, there is evidence that the psychological, environmental domains and erectile function remained far from the ideal conditions expected for the general population. The effect factors are complex and there still remain much work to do.