Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc Displacement ; therapy ; Male ; Massage ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Cervical Vertebrae ; injuries ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Massage ; Middle Aged ; Pharyngitis ; etiology ; therapy ; Spinal Diseases ; complications ; Young Adult

Objective: To observe the level of pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) mRNA expression in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus in young and senile rats. Methods: POMC mRNA was determined with in situ hybridization, the hybridization signals and areas of POMC mRNA-positive cells were measured with computer image analysis system. Results: Compared with young rats, average gray values of POMC mRNA-positive neurons in the hypothalalmic arcuate nucleus and near region in the senile rats decreased, but the numbers of POMC mRNA-positive neurons did not change significantly. Conclusion: The decrease of POMC mRNA expression level in individual neurons in hypothalamic arcuate nucleus of senile rats is one of the causes that decrease the expression of peptides-derived from POMC gene.

Humanized monoclonal antibodies(mAbs) are increasingly widely used in targeted therapy for cancer and some other major diseases.Complementarity-determining region(CDR) grafting makes quantities of humanized mAbs available.Herein,we provide an overview on the strategy and progress of CDR grafting.

Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Leiomyosarcoma ; pathology ; Parotid Gland ; pathology ; Parotid Neoplasms ; pathology ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of phosphotyrosine interaction domain containing 1 (PID1, NYGGF4) onpromotion of IR and HCC, and explore its underlying mechanisms. METHODS Lentivirus were used to mediate the knockdown of PID1 in HFD induced IR mouse model as well as ob/ob mice. Intraperitoneal glucose and insulin tolerance were performed 4 weeks after lentivirus injection. Hydrodynamics-based transfection was applied to induce the liver specific overexpression of PID1. Flow cytometry was exerted to detect the proportion and function of immune cells.qRT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect the expression of downstream pathways of PID1. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) were conducted to identify proteins interacting with PID1.Chromatin immunoprecipitation(ChIP)was operated to measure the modification of H3K4me3 of PID1 promoter.RESULTS PID1 restriction improved insulin resistance,hyperglycemia and fatty liver. Conversely, hepatic knockdown of PID1 attenuated liver xenografted tumor growth. Moreover,PID1 liver-specific protooncogenes via hydrodynamics-based transfection established a primary hepatocellular carcinoma mouse model,induced an immunosuppressive environment,with the reduction of CD3+,CD4+,CD8+T cells,retarded maturation of dendritic cells(DCs),pronounced differentiation of regulatory T cells(Tregs),and recruitment of MDSC.In addition,PID1 overexpression activated prolifer-ation related genes, promoted anti-inflammatory genes, suppressed pro-inflammatory genes, induced glycolysis and lipid metabolism genes to facilitate tumorigenesis in liver. Importantly, PID1 exerted its tumor-promoting function through binding to epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)and activation of downstream KRAS/ERK pathway.As such,PID1 exist trimethylation of histone H3 at lysine 4(H3K4me3) modification and IR up-regulated the expression of PID1 by activation the H3K4me3 modification. CONCLUSION PID1 is a new gene that exerts both liver cancer-promoting and insulin resistance inducing function.IR accelerates liver cancer development and progression partially dependent on the activation of PID1.

Objective: To observe the level of pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) mRNA expression in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus in young and senile rats. Methods: POMC mRNA was determined with in situ hybridization, the hybridization signals and areas of POMC mRNA-positive cells were measured with computer image analysis system. Results: Compared with young rats, average gray values of POMC mRNA-positive neurons in the hypothalalmic arcuate nucleus and near region in the senile rats decreased, but the numbers of POMC mRNA-positive neurons did not change significantly. Conclusion: The decrease of POMC mRNA expression level in individual neurons in hypothalamic arcuate nucleus of senile rats is one of the causes that decrease the expression of peptides-derived from POMC gene.

Dietary restriction (DR) can delay senescence,prolong lifespan of mammals and improve their learning-memory activity.The purpose of the study was to explore the effects of DR on hypolipidemic action and liver function of mice with hyperlipidemia.To investigate these effects,hyperlipidemia mouse models were established with high-fat diet (HFD) (34％ of energy),then randomly divided into HFD group,DR30％ group and DR50％ group.Mice in DR30％ and DR50％ group were respectively supplied with HFD as much as about 70％ and 50％ of the consumption of HFD in the mice of HFD group.Rats in control group were fed routinely.After DR for 5 weeks,the average body weight,liver weight,liver index,serum lipids and glucose levels in both DR groups decreased significantly as compared with the HFD group (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),so did alanine aminotransferase (ALT),aspartate aminotransferase (AST),lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels and the ratio of LDL-C/HDL-C in the DR50％ group (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Histopathology examination of liver tissues further proved ameliorative effect of DR on liver function.Western blotting showed that DR significantly increased the expression of silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (SIRT1) in liver and adipose,while notably decreased the expression of peroxisome proliferators-activated receptors-gamma (PPARγ) in adipose (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).The increase of SIRT1 and decrease of PPARγ may be a mechanism by which DR reduces blood lipids and ameliorates liver function.

BACKGROUND: Construction of animal models of vertebral artery type of cervical spondylosis and evaluation have become a new issue of concern.OBJECTIVE: To describe the research progress of animal models of vertebral artery type of cervical spondylosis at home and abroad, and to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of each method. METHODS: The keywords were "cervical vertigo, basal-vertebral ischemia, cervical spondylosis of vertebral artery type, animal, model" in Chinese and English, respectively. CNKI, WanFang, VIP, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases were retrieved for the articles published from 1998 to 2018. Chinese and English articles on animal modeling of vertebral artery type of cervical spondylosis were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion diagnosis criteria of vertebral artery type of cervical spondylosis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Through induction and analysis, modeling methods include hardener injection, bone graft compression, dynamic imbalance, blood stasis blocking collaturation, vertebral artery ligation and mixed modeling method. Of them, hardener injection method is most commonly used. Bone graft compression method is the most similar pathogenesis to the human body. However, the disadvantage is that the modeling is difficult and the size of the bone block is various. So the bone is not in the right position. Dynamic imbalance method can cause cervical spine imbalanced by resecting the unilateral muscle and bone. This method has high operability, but has long modeling period. Although ligating or clipping the unilateral vertebral artery is easy to operate, the pathogenesis of vertebral artery type of cervical spondylosis is not just vertebral artery stenosis, which ignores the influence of humoral factors, sympathetic nerves and vertebral nerves on the blood flow velocity and lumen size of vertebral artery. Each method has advantages and disadvantages. The evaluation criteria, time and success rate are different.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mikulicz' Disease ; Salivary Gland Diseases