Objective: To investigate the factors affecting depression and anxiety symptoms among the elderly, so as to provide the basis for promoting mental health among the elderly. Methods: The elderly aged 60 years and above in Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province were recruited using the multistage stratified random sampling method from June to August 2022, and demographic information, lifestyle and self-rated health status were collected by questionnaires. The symptoms of depression and anxiety were assessed by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), respectively. The presence of depressive and anxiety symptoms was determined when both the PHQ-9 score and the GAD-7 score were 10 points and higher. Factors affecting depressive and anxiety symptoms were identified using a multivariable logistic regression model. Results: A total of 7 771 individuals were surveyed, including 3 490 males (44.91%) and 4 281 females (55.09%), and had a mean age of (72.11±6.79) years. The prevalence of depression and anxiety symptoms was 2.05%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified residence (urban area, OR=0.316, 95%CI: 0.201-0.498), sedentary duration (<3 h/d, OR=0.349, 95%CI: 0.232-0.525; 3-5 h/d, OR=0.458, 95%CI: 0.313-0.671), physical activity (≥3 times/week, OR=0.551, 95%CI: 0.373-0.815), sleep quality (poor, OR=2.491, 95%CI: 1.738-3.571), social isolation (OR=1.688, 95%CI: 1.148-2.481) and self-rated health (poor, OR=5.857, 95%CI: 3.547-9.671; normal, OR=1.903, 95%CI: 1.234-2.937) as the influencing factors for depression and anxiety symptoms among the elderly. Conclusion The prevalence of depression and anxiety symptoms among the elderly is associated with residence, sedentary duration, sleep quality, physical activity, social interactions and self-rated health status.

OBJECTIVEThe aim of the present study is to explore the effects of exhaustive exercise-induced oxidative stress on the antioxidant capacity and diformability of rat red blood cells.

METHODSRats were divided into three group (n = 10): sedentary control (C), exhaustive running exercise (ERE) and moderate running exercise (MRE) groups. Animals in the ERE group started treadmill running at a speed of 20 m/min speed with a 5% gradient, and reached a speed of 25 m/min with gradient 15% in 20 min. Running was continued until exhaustion. MRE group rats running at a speed of 20 m/min with a 5% gradient for 40 min. The levels of free thiol in erythrocyte membrane protein, lipidperoxidation levels and membrane protein components were analyzed. The red blood cell deformability of different groups was also observed.

RESULTSThe results showed that red blood cells were damaged by severe oxidative stress and the anti-oxidative capacity decreased significantly under exhaustive exercise conditions. Besides, lipid peroxidation and protein sulfhydryl cross-link based clustering of membrane were found after exhaustive exercise, and polymers high molecular weight (HMW) was formed. The elongation index (EI) was found to decline significantly in the ERE group compared with the C and MRE groups under shear stress (control group, 0.41 +/- 0.01 at 3 Pa and 0.571 +/- 0.008 at 30 Pa; ERE group, 0.314 +/- 0.013 at 3 Pa and 0.534 +/- 0.009 at 30 Pa; P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively).

CONCLUSIONThese exercise-induced oxidative injure result in a significant decrease in deformability of rat erythrocytes, which in turn leads to dysfunction in the microcirculatory.

Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Erythrocyte Deformability ; Fatigue ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Male ; Oxidative Stress ; Physical Conditioning, Animal ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo study the growth characters of the craniofacial widths and then perusing its growth pattern.

METHODS26 adolescents with normal occlusions were selected. A posteroanterior cephalogram was taken for every subject at the same time each year for 6 successive years. Computer-aided cephalometrics was carried out.

RESULTS(1) From age 13 to 18, most items of the craniofacial widths were bigger in male than in female. With the increase of age, the items with gender differences keep stable, except the width of L-Anter, L-Ore and L-Nas. (2) Compare with the growth completion of the craniofacial widths in 18 years old, they had completed more than 92% in 13 years old, and the L-Eur, L-Anter, L-Lo, L-Max, L-UM and L-LM were almost complete as well. The growth completion quantity of L-Ore, L-Zyg, and L-Nas in female was larger than that in male. (3) The growth of L-Mas, L-Nas, and L-Zyg could keep on to the age of 18. The L-Max maitained stable in female after 13 years old, while there was a growth from age 13 to 17 in male. (4) From age 13 to 18, the tooth arch width kept stable, while the cusp of the lower canine tends to be converging.

CONCLUSIONThe present findings may aid orthodontists to make rational diagnosis and treatment planning.

Adolescent ; Cephalometry ; Dental Occlusion ; Facial Bones ; anatomy & histology ; growth & development ; Female ; Humans ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male ; Malocclusion ; Mandible ; anatomy & histology ; growth & development ; Maxilla ; anatomy & histology ; growth & development ; Maxillofacial Development ; Reference Values ; Skull ; anatomy & histology ; growth & development

Objective To explore the changes of plasma angiotensinⅡ (AngⅡ) and cardiac function,and the curative effect of children with acute viral myocarditis (VMC) treated with captopril(CAP).Methods Concentrations of plasma AngⅡ were measured with radio-immunity and cardiac function was detected by Doppler echocardiography for the VMC group (n=60) before and after treatment [the CAP group (n=30), the routine group (n=30) and the control group (n=30)].Results 1. The level of plasma AngⅡ significantly increased and the contractive and diastolic function obviously declined in children with acute VMC. There was a significant difference between VMC group and control group, with a significant correlation between the level of AngⅡand the contractive diastolic function.2. Compared with the level before treatment, the level of AngⅡ decreased and the contractive function obviously ameliorated in two groups; the diastolic function obviously ameliorated in the CAP group and did not ameliorate in the routine group after treatment. In CAP group the level of AngⅡ and the cardiac function significantly improved; there were statistical differences between the two groups after treatment.Conclusions 1.The increase of the plasma AngⅡ was an important factor for decrements of the contractive and diastolic function in acute viral myocarditis.2.It could decrease the concentration of plasma AngⅡ and ameliorate cardiac function in children with acute VMC treated with captopril,which was an effective therapy for acute VMC.

Objective To investigate the daily total fluoride intake in relating to the prevalence of skeletal fluorosis in two villages in Jiangsu Province,in order to provide the scientific evidences for the control and prevention of endemic fluorosis.Methods Adults sampled from a high-fluoride Village,Wamiao,and a low-fluoride Village,Xinhuai,were surveyed in this study according to the fluoride concentration in their household shallow well.The average daily total fluoride intake from difierent sources and the skeletal fluorosis were investigated in each subject.Then the subjects from two villages were allocated into five subgroups(＜2.00,2.00～,3.00～,4.00～,≥5.00 mg/d),the relation fluoride intake and prevalence of osteofluorosis was analyzed.Results The prevalence of skeletal fluorosis in Wamiao Village was 31.06%(41/132),but no skeletal fluorosis case(0/35)was found in Xinhuai Village.According to the daily total fluoride intake,subjects with higher daily total fluoride intake tended to associated with a higher prevalence of skeletal fluorosis in a significant dose-response relationship(regression equation:y=2.624-6.855x+3.424x2:r=0.997).The benchmark dose lower limitation of daily total fluoride intake with 95% confidencewas 2.50 mg/d calculated according to this dose-response relationship,the reference dose(RfD)was 2.50 mg/d.In Wamiao Village a significant difference was also found between daily total fluoride intake in 41 subjects[(5.09±1.20)mg/d]with X-ray detectable skeletal fluorosis and in 91 subjects[(3.08±1.12)mg/d]without X-ray detectable skeletal fluorosis(t=-9.32,P＜0.01).Conclusions These findings indicate that the daily total fluoride intake has a significant dose-response relationship with the prevalence of skeletal fluorosis in an endemic fluorosis area associated with high-fluoride drinking water;and the RfD in this study was lower than that in the national standard of"Chinese hygienic standard for daily total fluoride intake(WS/T 87-1996)"(3.50 mg/d).

Objective To study the clinical diagnostic value of fluid-attenuated inversion recovery(HAIR)pulse sequence in low-field MR for the acute myelitis.Methods Fifty-two healthy controls and 33 patients with acute myelitis were imaged with TIWI,T2WI and FLAIR imaging in a 0.5T superconducting MR SCalHler,and among them,23 patients were imaged with TlMI after the injection of Gd-DTPA.The detectable abilities of lesions with FLAIR and TSE-T2W1 were compared.Results The FLAIR imaging showed 33 lesions(100%),but the TSE-T2WI only showed 23 lesions (69.7%)inthe 33 cases;32 lesions were clear with FLAIR in demonstrating the border of lesions,and 13 lesions with TSE-T2WI Therefore,the FLAIR sequence were superior to TSE-T2WI in demonstrating the border of lesions and displaying the lesions(P<0.01).Conclusion FLAIR is a very useful sequence in the low-field MR for the acute myelitis.and it should be used as a routine diagnostic method for the acute myelitis.

Objective:To improve the genetic stability of HBV gene in transgenic mice.Methods:HBV transgenic mice were bred by backcross and double cross.The HBV gene expression and replication were studied with real-time PCR,ELISA and chemiluminescence.Results:The HBV transgenic mice have stably bred to 23rd generation.The serum HBsAg level is 4122.31?2044.74IU/ml;The rate of HBV transgenic mice whose serum HBV DNA reach 104~106copies/ml was 93.93%.The HBV replication and expression were improved markedly.There is no difference between male and female mice about serum HBsAg level.Conclusion:After breeding the HBV gene was expressed stably with high-level in transgenic mice.

The aim of this study is to investigate the critical factor affecting the properties of PLGA microspheres fabricated by a solid-in-oil-in-water (S/O/W) emulsion technique with BSA as a model protein. Prior to encapsulation, the BSA microparticles were fabricated by a modified freezing-induced phase separation method. The microparticles were subsequently encapsulated into PLGA microspheres by S/O/W emulsion method, then Motic BA200 biological microscope, confocal laser scanning microscope, scanning electron microscope were used to observe the structure of S/O/W emulsion and PLGA microspheres. The protein content extracted or released from BSA microspheres was measured by Bradford protein assay method. It was found that NaCl added in the outer aqueous phase effectively suppressed material exchange between the inner and outer phase of S/O/W emulsion. Then, the structure and permeability of obtained microspheres were influenced. As a result, with the increase of NaCl concentration in the outer aqueous phase, the encapsulation efficiency of microspheres significantly increased from 60% to more than 85%, the burst release of microspheres reduced from 70% to 20%, and the particle size decreased from 103 microm to 62 microm. Furthermore, the rehydration of encapsulated protein was also retarded and then integrity of BSA was successfully protected during encapsulation process. In vitro release test showed that BSA released from PLGA microspheres in a sustained manner for more than 30 days.
Delayed-Action Preparations ; Drug Compounding ; Emulsions ; chemistry ; Lactic Acid ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Microscopy, Confocal ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Microspheres ; Oils ; Particle Size ; Polyglycolic Acid ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Serum Albumin, Bovine ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Sodium Chloride ; chemistry ; Water

Male infertility is a common and complex disease in urology and andrology, and for many years there has been no effective surgical treatment. With the emergence of microsurgery and assisted reproductive medicine (IVF/ICSI), rapid development has been achieved in the treatment of male infertility. The Center for Male Reproductive Medicine and Microsurgery at Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University has been playing an important leading role in developing microsurgical techniques for the management of male infertility. The development of microsurgical treatment of male infertility in China has experienced the 3 periods of emerging, making, and boosting ever since its systematic introduction from Weill Cornell Medical College 15 years ago. At present, many Chinese hospitals have adopted microsurgery in the management of male infertility, which has contributed to the initial establishment of a microsurgical treatment system for male infertility in China. However, some deficiencies do exist concerning microsurgical treatment of male infertility, as in normalized technical training programs for competent surgeons, unified criteria for evaluation of surgical outcomes, and detailed postoperative follow-up data. This article presents an overview on the 15-year development of microsurgical management of male infertility in China, points out the existing deficiencies, and offers some propositions for the promotion of its development.
China ; Humans ; Infertility, Male ; surgery ; Male ; Microsurgery

OBJECTIVETo study the association between vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene Apa I polymorphism and vitamin D deficiency rickets in children of Shanxi Han ethnic group, and to explore the significance of individual hereditary factors in the development of rickets.

METHODSThis was a case control study. The grouping criteria were serum 25(OH)D(3) level, blood bone alkaline phosphatase and clinical symptom, respectively. The laboratory test methods were enzyme linked immunoassay and radioimmunoassay. PCR-RFLP technology was applied to examine VDR gene Apa I site polymorphism and Hardy-Weinberg hereditary balance test was used to examine the coincidence of gene distribution.

RESULTSFrequencies of AA, Aa and aa genotypes were 5.0%, 52.5% and 42.5% in the rickets group and 4.4%, 55.9% and 39.7% in the control group, respectively. Frequencies of A and a genotypes were 31.3% and 68.7% in the rickets group and 32.3% and 67.7% in the control group, respectively. There was not significant difference in the frequency distribution of VDR genotype and allelic genes between two groups (chi(2) = 0.089, P > 0.05; chi(2) = 0.028, P > 0.05). There was significant difference in the serum 25(OH)D(3) between two groups (t = -8.919, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe distribution of VDR gene Apa I polymorphism in children of Han ethnic group is balanced relatively. The Frequency of a allelic genes is 67.7% which is therefore the superior gene. VDR gene polymorphism might not be important in an individual's susceptibility to development of vitamin D deficiency.

Calcifediol ; blood ; Calcitriol ; deficiency ; Case-Control Studies ; Child, Preschool ; China ; ethnology ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genotype ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Radioimmunoassay ; Receptors, Calcitriol ; genetics ; Rickets ; blood ; etiology ; genetics ; Vitamin D Deficiency ; complications ; genetics