PCR/ASO probes were applied to analyse the T-786C polymorphisms in 5′-flanking region of endothelial nitric oxide synthase(eNOS)gene in type 2 diabetic patients with or without nephropatby and healthy individuals.The results showed that the T-786C polymorphisms of eNOS gene seemed to be related to diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetes.

Objective To explore clinical characters of type 1 diabetes mellitus with different serum potassium levels in children and adolescent.Methods One hundred and seventy-five patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus were reviewed,they were divided into 3 groups according to the serum potassium level.The patients whose serum potassium

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 ; diagnosis ; Diagnostic Errors ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male

Important forensic diagnostic indicators of sudden death in coronary atherosclerotic heart dis-ease,such as acute or chronic myocardial ischemic changes,sometimes make it difficult to locate the ischemic site due to the short death process,the lack of tissue reaction time.In some cases,the de-ceased died of sudden death on the first-episode,resulting in difficulty for medical examiners to make an accurate diagnosis.However,clinical studies on coronary instability plaque revealed the key role of coronary spasm and thrombosis caused by their lesions in sudden coronary death process.This paper mainly summarizes the pathological characteristics of unstable coronary plaque based on clinical medi-cal research,including plaque rupture,plaque erosion and calcified nodules,as well as the influencing factors leading to plaque instability,and briefly describes the research progress and technique of the atherosclerotic plaques,in order to improve the study on the mechanism of sudden coronary death and improve the accuracy of the forensic diagnosis of sudden coronary death by diagnosing different patho-logic states of coronary atherosclerotic plaques.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of hTERT antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ASODN) on the oncogenicity and the inductive apoptosis of HL-60 cells.

METHODSApoptosis of HL-60 cells was detected by flow cytometry (FCM) and agarose gel electrophoresis. Both treated and untreated HL-60 cells were collected and transplanted into 5 BALB/c nude mice respectively, the formation of transplanted neoplasm and its morphologic change were observed. After the transplanted neoplasms were uniform with the ameliorated method in another 10 BALB/c nude mice, they were divided into 2 groups and injected ASODN and PBS into the neoplasm respectively. Seven days later, the tumor were measured, its morphology were observed, and the apoptotic cells were detected with a TUNEL kit.

RESULTSAfter 72 h treatment there were DNA ladders and early apoptosis peak in hTERT ASODN treated HL-60 cells but was none in SODN treated and blank control cells. In tumor formation experiment, neoplasms were formed in ASODN treated group at 16-17 d and untreated group at 12-13 d. Neoplasm was formed in 2 of 5 ASODN treated mice and 4 of 5 untreated mice respectively. In untreated mice tumor tissues were rich in blood vasa and stromal tissue compared with that in ASODN treated mice. In tumor therapy experiment, before treatment, there was no difference in the average neoplasm physical volume between ASODN treated group [(100.9 +/- 24.6) mm3] and PBS treated group [(98.4 +/- 23.1) mm3] (P > 0.05). After treatment, the neoplasm volume in ASODN treated group [(422.7 +/- 326.4) mm3] was smaller than that in PBS treated group [(786.4 +/- 357.6) mm3] (P < 0.05). Histologically, there were many apoptosis cells in ASODN treated group, but was seldom seen in PBS treated group. The TUNEL positive cells in ASODN treated group were much more than that in PBS treated group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe hTERT ASODN induces apoptosis of HL-60 cells in vitro, reduces the tumor formation in BALB/c nude mice and inhibits the growth of the transplanted neoplasm.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; HL-60 Cells ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Nude ; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Antisense ; pharmacology ; Telomerase ; genetics ; Transfection ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

Comparative Genomic Hybridization ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Wolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome ; diagnosis

OBJECTIVETo investigate the change of zygomatic and temporal soft tissue after coronal incision.

METHODSA retrospective analysis was performed in 33 patients who received firm fixation for unilateral zygomatic comminuted fracture through semi-coronal incision. All the patients were followed up for more than one year. Craniofacial anthropometric measurement through 3D-CT reconstruction and facial profile was performed. The difference between the operated side and healthy side was analyzed.

RESULTSAt the temporal concave point, the soft tissue thickness at healthy side was (1.60 +/- 0. 97) mm more than that at operated side, showing a significant difference between them (P < 0.01). While the soft tissue thickness was not statistically different between two sides at zygion, malar prominence, zygomaxillare, and temporal convex point (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe soft tissue atrophy may happen at temporal fat pad after semi-coronal incision, but not at zygomatic area. Intraoperative precise dissection and less stretch of soft tissue may be helpful to avoid the postoperative facial asymmetry.

Adipose Tissue ; anatomy & histology ; Adult ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fractures, Comminuted ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Period ; Retrospective Studies ; Scalp ; surgery ; Young Adult ; Zygomatic Fractures ; surgery

This study is to report the study of protective effects of myricitrin against oxidative stress-induced apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells and the investigation of the possible mechanisms of action of myricitrin. The model of H2O2-induced apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells was used to determine the protective effects of myricitrin. The levels of LDH, MDA and the activities of SOD, NO were measured using the respective kits. The H2O2-induced apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells was detected using MTT reduction, TUNEL assay, JC-1 and ROS staining. The activation of Caspase-3 was also measured by fluorometry. The expression of apoptosis-related proteins was determined with Western blotting assay. Myricitrin had significant protective effects against H2O2-induced apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The results show that myricitrin could attenuate H2O2-induced decrease in the activities of SOD (P < 0.01). Myricitrin could decrease the levels of LDH, MDA and increase cell viability and the mitochondrial membrane potential (P < 0.01). Myricitrin had protective effects in a dose-dependent manner between 32 micromol x L(-1) to 64 micromol x L(-1). Myricitrin pretreatment could attenuate H2O2-induced increase of p-ERK. Moreover, myricitrin pretreatment could up-regulate the expression of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, down-regulate the expression of the pro-apoptotic protein Bax, and decrease the expression of Caspase-3, 9. In conclusion, myricitrin had significant protective effects against H2O2-induced apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells. Myricitrin can enhance the activities of anti-oxidative enzymes and decrease the production of free radicals. The possible mechanisms of action of myricitrin are due to myricitrin-mediated inhibition of phosphorylation of the apoptosis signaling pathways-related kinase ERK, up-regulation of the expression of the anti-apoptotic protein, and down-regulation of the expression of the pro-apoptotic protein.
Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Caspase 9 ; metabolism ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Endothelial Cells ; cytology ; Flavonoids ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Hydrogen Peroxide ; toxicity ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase ; metabolism ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial ; drug effects ; Nitric Oxide ; metabolism ; Oxidative Stress ; drug effects ; Protective Agents ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; metabolism ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo observe the anesthetic effect and safety of different doses of dexmedetomidine combined with ropivacaine for brachial plexus nerve block in children undergoing polydactyly surgery.

METHODSEighty children undergoing polydactyly surgery were randomized into 4 groups to receive brachial plexus nerve block with dexmedetomidine at 0.25, 0.50 or 0.75 µg/kg combined with 0.25% ropivacaine (0.20 mL/kg) (D1, D2, and D3 groups, respectively) or with 0.25% ropivacaine (0.20 mL/kg) only (control group). The onset time, duration of brachial plexus nerve block, awakening time, success rate, and incidence of complications were compared among the groups. Results In D2 and D3 groups, the onset time and awakening time were shorter and anesthesia lasted longer than those in the control group. The onset time and awakening time were shorter and anesthesia maintenance time was longer in D3 group than in D1 group. The success rates of brachial plexus nerve block were significantly higher in D1-3 groups than in the control group (P<0.05). Hematoma was found in one of the patients. In each of the 4 groups, laryngeal nerve block occurred in 1 child and respiratory depression in another; 2 or 3 patients had Horner syndrome, and 1 patient in D3 group experienced an episode of lowered heart beat to below 70 min. All the complications were managed properly and the patients all recovered uneventfully.

CONCLUSIONBrachial plexus nerve block with 0.5 µg/kg dexmedetomidine combined with 0.25% ropivacaine (0.20 mL/kg) is safe for effective anesthesia in children undergoing surgery for polydactyly.

To investigate the effects of c-myc antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ASODN) on the telomerase activity and the induction of apoptosis in HL-60 cells, and to explore the relationship between the telomerase activity and the expression of c-myc gene in HL-60 cells, after treatment by c-myc ASODN, the expression of c-myc was detected by RT-PCR, the apoptosis, cell cycle were detected with agarose gel electrophoresis and flow cytomety, and the telomerase activity was determined with TRAP-ELISA. The results showed that after blocking c-myc gene with ASODN for 72 hours, it is obvious that the expression of c-myc gene was inhibited. The percentage of S phase HL-60 cells decreased from 55.6% to 30%, the early apoptosis peak appeared (the percentage of apoptosis cells were 25.2%) and the DNA ladders were shown. OD(450 - 690) were 2.648 +/- 0.42, 2.324 +/- 0.36, 2.162 +/- 0.38, 1.952 +/- 0.14, 1.805 +/- 0.40, 1.616 +/- 0.41 and 2.466 +/- 0.29, respectively, as the cells were treated with 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 micromol/L ASODN and 5 micromol/L SODN for 72 hours. The difference was significant when compared 3, 4, 5 micromol/L groups with 0 micromol/L ASODN group respectively (P < 0.05), but the difference was no significant when compared 1, 2 micromol/L ASODN and 5 micromol/L SODN groups with 0 micromol/L ASODN group (P > 0.05). It is concluded that the c-myc gene ASODN may induce the apoptosis of cells, inhibit cells from G(1) phase into S phase and regulate the telomerase activity down in HL-60 cells by blocking the expression of c-myc gene.
Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Flow Cytometry ; HL-60 Cells ; Humans ; Oligonucleotides, Antisense ; genetics ; pharmacology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Telomerase ; metabolism