Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of combining real-time three-dimensional ultrasonography with three-dimensional power Doppler ultrasound for the patients with small ovarian masses.Methods One hundred and seven patients with small ovarian masses were examined with real-time three-dimensional ultrasonography and three-dimensional power Doppler ultrasound.The images and the relationship between benign and malignant small ovarian masses were analyzed.Results Benign and malignant small ovarian tumors had statistical differences in these three parameters:the envelope,inner wall and whether there being central vessels.The sensitivity and specificity of combining real-time threedimensional ultrasonography with three-dimensional power Doppler ultrasound to diagnose malignant small ovarian tumors were 92.9% and 97.3% respectively.Conclusions Combining real-time three-dimensional ultrasonography with three-dimensional color Doppler energy can be used to diagnose the small ovarian masses and provide valuable information to identify malignant ovarian tumors.A small ovarian tumor with incomplete envelope,irregular inner wall and there being central vessels indicated the possibility of being malignant.

In the reform of medical microbiology education on medical students of 8-year-education pro-gram, we compared the traditional teaching methods with Problem Based Learning (PBL) method. Through our practice, we have found that the combination of traditional lecture-based learning and PBL seems to better match the students’ way of learning. The lack of basic knowledge of the students hindered their learn-ing effect during the bilateral discussion in the PBL education. We also found that the application of PBL in medical microbiology education is an iterative process and should be promoted step by step. The theoretical level and the innovative ideas of the teachers play a crucial role in the dynamic process of education reform.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate efficacies of three commonly used oral drugs including Berbamine Hydrochloride Tablet (B), Qijiao Shengbai Capsule (Q), and Leucogen Tablet (L) (by single drug, two drugs or three drugs) combined with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) for treat ment of chemotherapy related leukocytopenia in mice.

METHODSTotally 156 Kunming male mice were divided into the normal control group (A, n=24), the model group (B, n=24), the G-CSF group (C, n =24), the G-CSF+Q group (D, n=12), G-CSF+ B (E, n=12), the G-CSF+L group (F, n=12), the G-CSF + Q + B group (G, n=12), the G-CSF + Q + L group (H, n=12), the G-CSF + L + B group (I, n=12), and the G-CSF + L + Q + B (J, n=12). Mouse models of chemotherapy related leukocytopenia were established by intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamide (CTX). A G-CSF group was set up as a positive control. Mice were treated by a single oral drug, a single oral drug combined with G-CSF, and two or three drugs combined with G-CSF respectively, and the death rate calculated. Hemocytes [such as white blood cells (WBC) and its classification, red blood cells (RBC), platelet (PLT), hemoglobin (Hb)] were calculated by hematology analyzer. Mice were anatomized and important organs weighed. Organ indices were calculated.

RESULTSThere was no statistical difference in the mortality rate among all groups (P > 0.05). Compared with Group B, WBC was elevated in all other groups (P < 0.01). WBC and PLT were elevated most in Group J, Hb and RBC were also increased at the same time (P < 0.05, P < 0. 01). Compared with Group B, RBC increased in Group E, F, G, I, and J (P < 0.01); Hb obviously increased in Group C, E, F, H, I, and J (P<0.01). Compared with Group B and D, the promotion of erythroid hematopoiesis by G-CSF could be elevated in any group contained drug B and L (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). The spleen index of model mice could be significantly improved in Group C, D, and G (P < 0.01). The thymus index of model mice could be significantly improved in Group H (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe best scheme to treat mice with chemotherapy related leukopenia or decreased three blood series was to administrate three commonly oral drugs combined with G-CSF. Authors speculated that G-CSF and Q might have a certain effect on CTX induced immune inhibition.

Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Blood Platelets ; Cyclophosphamide ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions ; drug therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Erythrocyte Count ; Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor ; metabolism ; Hematopoiesis ; Hemoglobins ; Leukocyte Count ; Leukocytes ; Leukopenia ; chemically induced ; drug therapy ; Male ; Mice ; Pharmaceutical Preparations

Objectives To investigate the changes of cystatin C in the serum of patients with acute kidney injury ( AKI) or end-stage renal disease ( ESRD), and study its significance in the early diagnosis of AKI and its correlation with the degree of renal function injury. Method The cases in Xiangya hospital were enrolled in this study according to the RIFLE criteria, including 20 cases of slight acute kidney injury, 30 cases of medium-severe acute kidney injury, 48 cases of victims of the 5. 12 wenchuan earthquake, 32 cases of end-stage renal disease and 20 healthy patients. The microparticle-enhanced immunoturbidimetry method was used to detect serum cystatin C, and the colorimetric method was used to detect urine N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAGase). The enzymic method was used to detect serum creatinine. The correlation between serum cystatin C and serum creatinine was analyzed, and the sensitivity and specificity of serum cystatin C were evaluated with the receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC curve). Results Compared with healthy control group, the serum cystatin C increased obviously in acute kidney injury group and ESRD group( P <0. 05 and P <0. 01). The serum cystatin C was positively correlated with serum creati-nine( P <0.01). The serum cystatin C in the 5. 12 wenchuan earthquake injured group was also higher than that in healthy control group ( P <0.05), an the serum cystatin C had an AUC - ROC of 0.931 ( P <0. 01). Conclusion Compared to the conventional biomarkers, the earlier emergence of serum cystatin C can contribute better to early clinical diagnosis of AKI. The serum cystatin C is positively correlated with renal function, and reflect changes in renal function accurately.

Objective To assess the quality of reporting randomized controlled trials published in Chinese journal of radiology from 2000 to 2005.Methods A manual search was performed and 22 checklists of CONSORT statements and other self-established criteria were applied.Results Six volumes and 72 issues were investigated.There were total trials of 236 in 2186 literatures,and finally 3 randomized controlled trials(RCTs)(1.27%)were identified.In the 3 RCTs,there were 3 trials with methods of randomization,1 with endpoints measurement,1 with multi-centre,but without the prior calculation of sample size,blind methods,statistically probability,participant flow,compliance and negative results.Conclusion The quality of reporting randomized controlled trials of interventional radiology has been improved,but it did not meet fully the CONSORT statement.

Objective To investigate the value of intraoperative ultrasound in the resection of hemangioblastoma.Methods Intraoperative ultrasound was applied in 17 patients who underwent resection. The size,number,location ,depth,feeding arteries and draining veins of the tumors were clearly displayed.Results Intraoperative ultrasound could real-time locate the tumor with high accuracy. Totally there were 35 tumors in 17 patients, and intraoperative ultrasound found 32 of them.The diameter of thr smallest tumor was 7 mm. Intraoperative ultrasound could displayed clearly the feeding arteries and draining veins in bigger tumors. Conclusions Intraoperative ultrasound should be routinely used in the operation of hemangioblastoma for its high detection rate.

Objective To predict the CTL epitopes of Tat exon 1 region in HIV-1 CRF07_BC strains, which were prevailing in China. Methods Total of 236 plasma samples were from the 3rd National HIV Molecular Epidemic Survey (NMES3). All the subjects were infected with HIV-1 CRF07_BC viruses. The tat exon 1 region was amplified by reverse transcription reaction and nested polymerase chain reaction (nested-PCR), then the PCR products were sequenced. The distribution of CTL epitopes of this region were predicted by on-line software BIMAS HLA Peptide Binding Predictions and statistics software. Results To-tal of 236 CRF07_BC strains were from 16 provinces, mainly in intravenous drug asers(58.9%)and then sex(25.0%). It was showed that there were 12 CTL epitopes of 236 Tat exon 1 region of CRF07_BC strains mainly located in proline-rich region, cysteine-rich region and core-region. Those epitopes were banded by 5 HLA presenting molecules in genotype(A * 2501 ,A * 2902, B * 15,B * 5301 and Cw * 1203) and 6 HLA presenting molecules in serotype (B53, B58 ,B57 ,A3 ,A68 and Cw12). The frequency of single amino acid substitution was more than 50% in 7 CTL epitopes. Conclusion The CTL epitopes in Tat exon 1 of CRF07 _BC strains were located in different functional regions, and there were some amino acid variations in them.

short peptide AS1 screened from the phage random peptide library of 12 amino acids has antigenicity and can react with sera of AS patients. These findings indicate that AS1 could be one of candidate molecules of AS-specific serum markers.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the roles of p15,p27 gene protein and expression in nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC).METHODS The EnVision immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expression of p15,p27 gene protein in nasopharyngeal carcinoma tissues of 43 NPC cases and non-tumor nasopharyngeal tissues of 21 cases.RESULTS ① The positive expression rates of p15,p27 gene protein were 65%,68% in NPC respectively.There were significant differences between NPC and non-tumor group(P0.05).③The positive expression of p15 gene protein was correlated to the positive expression of p27 gene protein(P