The mechanism of invasion and metastasis of colorectal carcinoma was associated with many aspects, including correlative genes such as k-ras,c-met,nm23,c-SRC,HES-6 and P107; immunoreaction; angiogenesis; correlative molecules interacting with extracellular matrix,nitric oxide. The paper summarized the current development in this field.

Chromosome Banding ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; genetics ; Comparative Genomic Hybridization ; methods ; standards ; DNA Probes ; DNA, Neoplasm ; genetics ; Humans ; Karyotyping ; Quality Control ; Reproducibility of Results

Background and purpose:The membrane cytoskeletal crosslinker—Ezrin may be involved in several functions including cell adhesion,motility and cell survival.There is increasing evidence that it regulates tumor progression.However,the role of Ezrin in the carcinogenesis,progression and metastasis of primary sporadic colorectal carcinoma is still under investigation.This research is to study the expression,the localization and the clinical significance of Ezrin in human sporadic colorectal carcinoma(SCRC).Methods:Immunohistological EnVision staining was used to detect the expression of Ezrin in 132 cases of human sporadic colorectal carcinoma and 43 adjacent normal colorectal mucosa,and the different expressions of Ezrin among metastatic and non-metastatic SCRC,including 74 metastatic cases and 58 non-metastatic cases were also under investigation.Results:① The expression rate of Ezrin in SCRC was significantly higher than that in adjacent normal colorectal mucosa(79.5% Vs 11.6%,P

0.05).In the followed-up patients,univariant analysis demonstrated that the expressions of CD44 and Ezrin and their coexpression were correlated with disease free survival(DFS)rate(P

OBJECTIVETo compare laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication (LNF)and Toupet laparoscopic fundoplication (LTF) with respect to treatment outcomes and postoperative complications.

METHODSPubMed, Medline, Embase and the Cochrane Library were searched. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing laparoscopic Nissen and Toupet fundoplication were included. Outcomes evaluation included occurrences of heartburn, reflux, difficulty swallowing, chest pain, abdominal distention, failure to hiccup, diarrhea, and early complications and degree of patient satisfaction at early (three to six months) and later (one to three years) post-operative periods.

RESULTSOf 939 patients in seven RCTs, 478 received LNF and 461 received LTF. For both groups, control of reflux was good and occurrence of heartburn was similar (P>0.05). A lower incidence of postoperative dysphagia for both early and later post-operative periods, but a higher overall complication rate in early post-operative period were observed in the LTF group (P<0.05). Patient satisfaction was similar (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONSLNF and LTF are both safe and effective. The adoption of procedure should be based on the patient status and surgeon experience.

Fundoplication ; methods ; Gastroesophageal Reflux ; surgery ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; methods ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Treatment Outcome

Lysine decarboxylase is a key enzyme involved in the upstream biosynthesis of lycopodium alkaloids (LAs) such as huperzine A, contributing to the decarboxylation of lysine to 1,5-pentanediamine (cadaverine). Three lysine decarboxylase genes (HsLDC-L1, HsLDC-L2, HsLDC-L3) were successfully cloned from Huperzia serrata using transcriptomic sequence data mining strategy combined with reverse transcription PCR. The physicochemical properties, secondary and tertiary structures, amino acid identities, and evolutionary relationship of the three LDCs were analyzed by online bioinformatics analysis platforms and DNAMAN, MEGA 7.0 software, revealing that all of these proteins had the conserved PLP binding domain and active site residues were completely conserved in LDCs. Phylogenetic analysis showed that these LDCs were located in the same branch as other known LDCs from LA-producing plants. Accordingly, the ORFs of these three HsLDCs were inserted into different expression plasmids for further expression in E. coli. However, only HsLDC-L1 was successfully expressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3) by inserting into a pCold TF vector. The recombinant protein was purified by Ni²⁺ affinity chromatography purification. HsLDC-L1 contains 469 amino acid residues, with a calculated molecular weight of 50.50 kDa. HsLDC-L1 expectedly catalyzed the decarboxylation of lysine to produce cadaverine. In addition, HsLDC-L1 can also catalyze the generation of putrescine from ornithine. However, it cannot catalyze the decarboxylation of tyrosine, phenylalanine, tryptophan and histidine. The results not only provide insight into the biosynthesis of LAs including huperzine A, but also provide a critical genetic element for the overproduction of Δ¹-piperideine and pelletierine, the essential biosynthetic precursors of LAs, using synthetic biology strategies.

Objective To investigate the occupational risk perception of surgeons in a tertiary hospital in Suzhou and ex-plore the relationship between occupational risk perception and self-efficacy,and to provide suggestions for improving surgeons'mental health.Methods The occupational risk perception scale of surgeons was designed to investigate,and 194 valid question-naires were collected.Factor analysis,correlation analysis and regression analysis were used to study the data.Results Occupa-tional risk perception of surgeons has multidimensional structures,including physical function risk,economic risk,occupational exposure risk,organizational risk,time risk and psycho-social risk.Age,educational background,professional title and working time are the influencing factors of occupational risk perception,and occupational risk perception of surgeons is significantly nega-tively correlated with self-efficacy.Conclusion The scale designed has good reliability and validity,and surgeons have a high lev-el of occupational risk perception,which can reduce the negative impact of occupational risk perception by improving self-efficacy.

OBJECTIVETo Provide the scientific basis for controlling the lycium pests.

METHODThe kinds and number of pests and their natural enemies were investigated at regular intervals and on the fixed trees.

RESULTThere are 13 kinds of lycium pests and 17 kinds of natural enemies, the occurrence of which are closely related.

CONCLUSIONNatural enemies can control aphids and psyllidae effectively, but ten-spotted lema and Epithrix sp. must be controlled by pesticides.

Animals ; Aphids ; Coleoptera ; Ecosystem ; Hemiptera ; Lepidoptera ; Lycium ; Pest Control, Biological ; Pesticides ; Seasons

OBJECTIVETo investigate the incidence of microsatellite instability (MSI) in sporadic colorectal carcinoma (CRC) using BAT-25 and BAT-26 loci, and its association with clinicopathological features.

METHODSMicrosatellite analysis was performed on tissue samples from 73 primary and 53 metastatic tumors collected at the Department of Pathology, Fudan University Cancer Hospital in 2002. Genomic DNA was extracted from paraffin-embedded tissues. Microsatellite alterations of BAT-25 and BAT-26 were detected using fluorescent PCR followed by fragment analysis on automatic DNA sequencer with GeneScan 3.1 software. A case of hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer syndrome (HNPCC) with known high-frequency MSI (MSI-H) was included as positive control.

RESULTSEleven out of 73 samples from primary tumors (15.1%) were MSI-positive and significantly associated with patient age, tumor site, differentiation and prognosis (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the positive rate of MSI in tissue samples from primary and metastatic sites among the 53 metastatic tumors, being 17.0% and 13.2%, respectively, P > 0.05. Two cases with negative MSI at the primary site but positive at the metastatic sites were observed.

CONCLUSIONMSI is a frequent molecular event that may serve as a useful parameter for studying tumor biological behavior. MSI plays a partial role in the metastasis of sporadic CRC, but the role of mismatch repair genes and its exact mechanism remains to be determined. The classification of sporadic CRC according to MSI may be of importance both theoretically and practically.

Adenocarcinoma ; genetics ; secondary ; Adult ; Aged ; Colonic Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology ; Colorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary Nonpolyposis ; genetics ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; genetics ; secondary ; Male ; Microsatellite Repeats ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Rectal Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology

Objective To investigate the expression pattern of membrane-cytoskeleton linker ezrin mRNA in human sporadic colorectal carcinoma (SCRC), and to evaluate the correlation of ezrin mRNA expression with carcinogenesis, progression and metastasis of SCRC. Methods TaqMan real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (real-time RT-PCR) technique and immunohistochemical (IHC). EnVision staining were used to detect the expression of ezrin mRNA and ezrin protein in 132 SCRC specimens and 43 adjacent normal eolorectal mucosa specimens, including 74 cases with metastasis and 58 without. The correlation between the expression of ezrin mRNA and the process of carcinogenesis and metastasis in SCRC was analyzed, and the correlation between the location of ezrin expression and the clinicopathological parameters was also analyzed. Results The expression of ezrin mRNA and ezrin protein expression rate were significantly higher in SCRC than that in adjacent normal eolorectal mucosa (P< 0.05) ; which was also significantly higher in the metastatic group than that in the non-metastatic group (2.3580±0.5584 vs. 2.1129±0.6625, P=0.037;86.5% vs. 70.7%, P=0.026). The rate of ezrin protein expression on the membrane was 31.1% in the metastatic group versus 6.9% in the non-metastatic group (P<0.001), but ezrin mRNA expression was only slightly higher in the metastatic group (2.2671± 0.5990) than that in the non-metastatic group (2. 2448±0. 6241). No significant difference was found in cytoplasmic ezrin expression rate between the metastatic group (55.4%) and non-metastatic group (63.8% ). Ezrin mRNA expression was significantly higher in the group at age of < 50 years (2.5165±0.5755 ) than that at age of &ge;50 years (2.1762±0.6094, P=0.016). The rate of ezrin protein expression on the membrane in the right colon was significantly higher than that in the left colon and rectum ( P=0.0003 ), but rate of cytoplasmic ezrin protein expression in the left colon was higher than that in the right colon and rectum(P=0.004). No correlation was found between the expression level of ezrin mRNA and the age, sex, tumor size, location, differentiation and depth of invasion. Conclusion The expressions of ezrin mRNA and ezrin protein were closely correlated with the process of carcinogenesis, progression and metastasis in SCRC, and the ezrin protein expression is consistent with expression trend of ezrin mRNA. The switching of ezrin localization from the cytoplasm to the membrane may play an important role in metastasis. The expression of ezrin mRNA is correlated with patients'age; membrane, and cytoplasmic ezrin expression is related to the tumor location. Ezrin may potentially become an important parameter in determining biological behavior of SCRC.