To improve the microsurgical curative effect of petroclival cholesteatoma (PCC), 52 patients harbouring PCC removed from 1993 to 2002 were analyzed retrospectively. Of all patients in this group, total tumor removal was achieved in 47 patients (90%), subtotal removal in 5 (10%). The new cranial nerve injuries occurred postoperatively in 4. Operative death occurred in 1 patient due to severe lung infection (1 9%). The key goal of surgical resection of the tumor was good. Suitable basicranial approaches and skillful microsurgical technique can increase the total removal rate, and decrease its mortality and morbidity.

To probe the treatment effects of the syringomyelia using microsurgical technique, a total of 127 patients with syringomyelia confirmed by CT or MRI in our department were analyzed retrospectively. The patients underwent occipitocervical decompression, syringostomy or syringo subarachnoid shunting (S S shunting) with microsurgery. All patients were followed up for more than 1 5 years and the treatment results were evaluated The results indicated that the collapse of the syrinx was achieved in 84 patients who underwent S S shunting or syringostomy. Decreased size of the syrinx was also noted in 43 Arnold Chiari malformation and spinal dysraphism patients who underwent occipitocervical decompression alone. The authors consider that the patients with syringomyelia should be microsurgically treated. The occipitocervical decompression, syringostomy or S S shunting may be an alternative method of surgical treatment for syringomyelia.

Objective To evaluate the diagnosis and microsurgical treatment of intraspinal abscesses. Methods The clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and microsurgical treatment of sixty-two patients with intraspinal abscess were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 36 were male and 26 were female, with an average age of 41 years. Thirty-seven were suffering from extradural abscesses, 23 subdural abscesses and 2 intramedullary abscesses. The diagnosis was made based on the history, clinical manifestations, MRI and myelogram. Prompt decompressive laminectomy and removal of the abscesses were carried out. Results Fifty-one patients were followed up. Of them, 27 completely recovered, accounting for 52.9%; in 18 the recovery was graded as good, accounting for 35.3%; and in 6 the recovery was fair, accounting for 11.8%. Conclusion Early diagnosis and microsurgical intervention of intraspinal abscesses could result in satisfactory recovery.

Objective To sum up the experiences in microneurosurgical treatment of spinal cord cavernous hemangiomas (SCH). Methods A retrospective analysis was made of 17 cases of SCH admitted from March 1992 to December 2002. Operations were performed via a posterior midline approach under a microscope. Results Total SCH resection was done in 13 cases, and subtotal removal in 4. The postoperative neurological status was improved in 11 cases, unchanged in 4, and aggravated in 2. No postoperative death occurred. Conclusion Spinal MRI examination is a reliable diagnostic method of SCH. Skillful microneurosurgical technique can achieve a rather good result.

The paper is to report the study of pharmacokinetics of transdermal administered nicotine in the brain of freely moving rat by using microdialysis with stable labeled isotope as internal standard. The pharmacokinetic behavior of nicotine in Sprague Dawley rat brain was investigated after intranasal administration (3.75 mg). Brain fluid samples were collected by intracerebral microdialysis with DL-nicotine as internal standard. Concentrations of nicotine and DL-nicotine in the sample were measured by HPLC-MS/MS. Main pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated and analyzed by Das 2.0 pharmacokinetic software. The recovery of nicotine and the delivery of DL-nicotine were the same. The fate of absorption and distribution was two compartment model and the values of t1/2alpha was 170.31 min, t1/2beta was 263.30 min and the AUC(0-infinity) was 2.75 x 10(5) microg x L(-1) min separately. DL-nicotine can be used to calibrate the recovery of nicotine, and the new method of stable isotope microdialysis can be used to study the pharmacokinetics of freely moving rat. It will make sense for the treatment of addiction of tobacco and provide a new thought for the research of pharmacokinetics-pharmacodynamic combination.

Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Humans ; Integrative Medicine ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional

Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; congenital

OBJECTIVE To explore the predictive value of human telomerase RNA gene component(hTERC) gene amplification and high-risk human papilomavirus(HR-HPV) testing in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia(CIN) as a marker for early diagnosis of cervix carcinoma.METHODS Fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH) was used to detect the amplification of hTERC of cervical epithelial cells in 72 cases.By using hybrid capture 2(HC-2),two types of the HR-HPV DNA(HPV16/18) of each case were detected.Then,the results were compared with the pathologic diagnosis.The dual-color probe we used was GLP TERC/CSP 3.HeLa cells and lymphocytes from normal marrow were the positive control,while the cervical specimens from healthy outpatients were the negative control.RESULTS hTERC Gene amplification of specimens was tested in 72 cases,the positive amplification rate of hTERC gene in the cervicitis/CINⅠgroup and normal,compared to the cervical carcinomas(100%) and CIN Ⅱ/Ⅲ(68.75%),which showed a significant difference.The rates in CINⅡ and CINⅢ were 60.00% and 83.33%,respectively,which showed a significant difference compared with normal and CINⅠ/inflammation groups.hTERC gene amplification was positive in both HeLa cells and lymphocytes from normal marrow and HC-2 testing was positive in 32 cases of patients containing 11 cases of CINⅡ/Ⅲ,3 cases of cervical cancer,18 cases of cervicitis/CIN1 diagnosed.The positive predictive value(PPV) and specificity(Sp) of hTERC for the high-grade CIN was significantly higher than the PPV and Sp of HC-2 HR-HPV testing.CONCLUSIONS hTERC Gene involves in the progression and occurrence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical squamous carcinoma.As a marker for early diagnosis of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical squamous carcinoma,the FISH method for hTERC gene is more reliable to differentiate the malignant diseases from the benign ones in cervixes than HC-2 HR-HPV DNA testing.The combined detection of HR-HPV and hTERC gene will provide more effective and suitable management to enhance the early diagnosis rate of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical squamous carcinoma.

Objective To explore the possibility of piezoelectric microarray immunosensor for the detection of Agkistrodon acutus venom. Methods Microarray immunosensor with quartz crystal of 10 MHz AT-cut and 2?5 gold-coated electrodes was prepared. The thiol-treated venom antibody was immobilized by a self assembling device for the detection of the standard fluid for different concentrations of the venom. Results Experimental results showed that the optimal concentration of the antibody was 3.0 g/ml with the response time of 40 minutes. The piezoelectric immunosensor could well respond to homologous venoms. Within the range of 0.1~4.0 g/ml, the frequency shifts were linearly dependent on the venom concentration. Conclusion Piezoelectric microarray immunosensor for the detection of Agkistrodon acutus venom is of high specificity of response, high sensitivity, and simple operation without marking. The technique of piezoelectric microarray immunosensor is possible to test snakebite quickly, quantitatively, and instrumentally.

In this study, the effect of prophylactic anti-inflammation on the development of smoke-induced emphysema was investigated. Young male guinea-pigs aged 1.5-2 months (weighing 198.3+/-26.9 g) were randomly divided into 4 groups: group A (cigarette smoke exposure only), group B (cigarette smoke exposure plus pentoxifylline-rich (PTX, 10 mg/d) forage feeding), group C (cigarette smoke exposure plus intermittent cortical steroid injection (Triamcinolone acetonide, 3 mg, i.m., every three weeks) and control group (group D: animals with sham smoke exposure, raised under the same conditions). Animals in group A, B and C were exposed to smoke of cigarettes for 1 to 1.5 h twice a day, 5 days a week. All animals were killed at the 16th week and followed by morphometrical analysis of the midsagittal sectioned lung slices. Smoke exposure of 16 weeks resulted in visible emphysematous development in Group A but not in Group B and C. It was evidenced by the indicator of air-space size, mean linear intercept (Lm): 120.6+/-16.0 microm in Group A; 89.8+/-9.2 microm in Group B and 102.4+/-17.7 microm in Group C. The average Lm in either group B or group C was shorter than that in Group A (ANOVA and Newman-Keuls test, F=8.80, P=0.0002) but comparable to that (94.8+/-13.2 microm) in group D (P>0.05). It is concluded that long-term prophylactic anti-inflammation inhibits pulmonary emphysema induced by cigarette smoking in the guinea pigs.
Anti-Inflammatory Agents/*pharmacology ; Pentoxifylline/pharmacology ; Pulmonary Emphysema/etiology ; Pulmonary Emphysema/pathology ; Pulmonary Emphysema/*prevention & control ; Random Allocation ; Smoking/*adverse effects ; Triamcinolone Acetonide/*pharmacology