Objective To study the changes of the urinary ?-1 microglobulin and urinary immunoglobulin G(IgG) and to investigate the relationship between these two proteins and the allograft function after renal transplantation.Methods Twenty-nine renal transplant recipients were included in the study.Urinary ?-1 microglobulin and urinary IgG were analyzed at d 1,7,14,21,28 after renal transplantation.The allograft function was evaluated based on the clinical manifestations,laboratory and imaging examinations,and the relationship between urinary ?-1 microglobulin,IgG and serum cretinine(SCr) were analysed. Results Urinary ?-1 microglobulin and urinary IgG correlated with SCr after renal transplantation in one month.Of all the 29 cases,14 experienced allograft function recovery(group A),and 15 failed(group B).Urinary ?-1 microglobulin decreased significantly in group A(P

Objective To investigate the CT features of primary hepatic neuroendocrine carcinoma (PHNEC).Methods The CT findings of 8 patients with PHNEC which was confirmed by surgery and histopathology were analyzed retrospectively.Tumor location,size,shape,margin,density,enhancement patterns and degree,portal vein tumor thrombus,hilar and retroperitoneal lymph node enlargement were studied retrospectively.Results Of 8 patients,there were 5 tumors which were located in the right liver,1 in the left liver,and the remaining 2 in both the left and right livers.The CT value of the mass on plain scanning ranged from 20 to 35 HU.The mean value of CT was (29.6 ± 8.4) HU.Tumors showed low density in 5 patients and slightly lower density in 3.In 5 tumors the boundary was clear and in 3 it was not clear.Uneven mass density and different sizes of necrotic cysts were found in 8 tumors.In one of these tumors,the inside showed honey-comb appearance while small areas of haemorrhage were found in the tumor of another 2 patients.For all the eight patients,there were dilatation of peripheral bile ducts,portal vein tumor thrombus,enlarged lymph nodes or peritoneal effusion in hepatic portal area and peritoneal cavity.In the arterial phase,there was mild to moderate enhancement of the mass with CT value of 38 ～ 65 HU.The average value of CT was (54.8 ± 6.9) HU.In the venous phase,there was mild to moderate continuous enhancement of liver parenchyma,with CT value of 40 ～67 HU.The average value of CT was (61.4 ± 11.6) HU.In the delay phase,a substantial part of the mass was continuously enhanced in 2 patients while there was slow fading of enhancement in 6 patients.The CT value were 36 ～ 57 HU,the average value of CT was (46.6 ± 9.2) HU.In 3 patients,the separations inside the tumor showed enhancement.Conclusion CT features combined with clinical findings might give a hint to the diagnosis of primary neuroendocrine carcinoma of liver.

Objective To evaluate the effects of small dose of antithymocyte globulin(ATG)and zenapax in the induction therapy for kidney transplant recipients.Methods A series of 150 cadaver-donor kidney transplant recipients were randomly divided to 3 groups,ie,small dose of ATG group(total dose,2.1 -3.0 mg/kg;n=72),zenapax group(50mg,on the first and 14th d after operation;n=15)and controls without induction therapy(n=63).Follow-up was 6 months.The rates of acute rejection,delayed graft func- tion(DGF)and pulmonary infection were statistically compared among the 3 groups.Results During a 6-month period,in ATG,zenapax and control groups,acute rejection episodes occurred in 4 cases(5.5%), 1(6.7%)and 10(15.9%),respectively;DGF occurred in 3(4.2%),0 and 8(12.7%),respectively;pul- monary infection occurred in 4(5.1%),1(6.7%)and 3(4.8%),respectively;leucocytopenia occurred in 3(4.2%),1(6.7%)and 5(7.9%),respectively;thrombocytopenia occurred in 2(2.8%),1(6.7%)and 5(7.9%),respectively.Conclusions In the early stage of kidney transplantation,small dose of ATG and zenapax can be the optimal choice for induction therapy.

Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Endotoxemia ; blood ; drug therapy ; immunology ; Humans ; Lipopolysaccharide Receptors ; blood ; Lipopolysaccharides ; blood ; Phytotherapy ; Shock, Septic ; blood ; drug therapy ; immunology

Objective To study the expression of Rho kinase and its functional activation in lung tissue from hypoxic pulmonary hypertension(HPH) rat model,and the effects of fasudil on HPH.Methods Seventy-two male Spraque-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the control group,hypoxic model group,and fasudil-intervention group[group with hypoxia and fasudil for 15 mg/(kg?d)],respectively.Mean pulmonary arterial pressure(mPAP) and right ventricle hypertrophy index(RVHI) were measured.Expression of Rho kinase mRNA and protein were examined by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) and Western blot,respectively.The phosphorylation of binding subunit of myosin phosphatase(MBS)-a substrate of Rho kinase was detected by Western blot and defined,as the mark of functional activation of the kinase.Results The expression of Rho kinase mRNA in hypoxic model group was markedly upregulated even before the onset of the third day after the experiment(HPH),and it was much lower in rats of fasudil group than that of hypoxic model group.The phosphorylation of MBS was significantly higher in hypoxic model group than that in control group,and it was positively correlated with the mPAP and RVHI(all P

In gene manipulation, different selectable markers with various linkers are necessary. In order to get selectable markers directly, we constructed from pBlueScript SK(-) a series of particular plasmids, pSKsymKm, pSKsymBle, pSKsymEry, pSKsymHyg and pSKsymGm, each contains Kanamycin, Bleomycin, Erythromycin, Hygromycin or Gentamycin resistance cassette. By restriction enzyme digestion and gel extraction, any of five antibiotic resistance genes with specific ends can be conveniently obtained.

Objective To decrease the incidence of acute rejection in renal allograft recipients by monitoring of cyclosporine A (CsA) concentration at 2-hour after dosing(C2). Methods The CsA C2 and CsA trough concentration(C0) were assayed in renal allograft recipients.All patients were followed up for at least 1 year.The correlation of C0 and C2 monitoring with clinical outcomes was analyzed. Results At 1 week and 1 month post-transplantation,the incidence of acute rejection in patients with C2 in target level was 4.41% and 10.29%, respectively,but the incidence of acute rejection in patients with C2 in lower level was 42.37% and 36.20%,respectively. ConclusionBy reflecting the drug exposure of CsA more accurately,C2 monitoring is beneficial for decreasing the incidence of acute rejection after renal allograft transplantation.

Synergetic effects for p-nitrophenol degradation were observed in the ozonation with ultrasonic enhancement. The enhancements of removal rate for p-nitrophenol and TOC were around 116% and 294% respectively in comparison with the individual ultrasound and ozonation systems. The synergetic phenomenon is attributed to two physicochemical mechanisms: (1) Ultrasound decomposes ozone causing augmentation of the activity of free radicals; (2) Ultrasonic wave increased the concentration of O(3) in solution because of ultrasonic dispersion.
Hydrogen Peroxide ; chemistry ; Nitrophenols ; chemistry ; Oxygen ; chemistry ; Ozone ; chemistry ; Solutions ; Sonication ; Waste Disposal, Fluid ; Water Pollution

OBJECTIVETo investigate the displacement and stress distribution of upper incisors in three-dimensional (3D) space controlled by step-shaped vertical closing loop.

METHODSThe maxillary teeth and alveolar bone of a volunteer with normal occlusion were scanned with 3D spiral CT. Modeling and calculation were only carried out on right upper central incisor, lateral incisor and their alveolar bone in order to simplify the procedures. A 3D finite element model of archwire-brackets-upper incisors and periodontal tissues was developed using Ansys finite element package. Finally, a 3D finite element model of archwire-brackets-upper incisors and periodontal tissues was established based on mirror symmetry principle. The displacement of maxillary incisors and stress distribution in periodontal tissues were analyzed.

RESULTSWhen step-shaped vertical closing loop was simply drew back 1 mm, the maximum displacement of upper central incisor in labial and lingual direction were 5.29 × 10(-2) and 0.71 × 10(-2) mm; 10.47 × 10(-3) and 10.20 × 10(-3) mm in gingival and occlusal direction, 10.26 × 10(-3) and 1.63 × 10(-3) mm in medial and distal direction; the maximum displacement of upper lateral incisor in labial and lingual direction were 3.31 × 10(-2) and 0.41 × 10(-2) mm, 10.52 × 10(-3) and 5.10 × 10(-3) mm in gingival and occlusal direction, 6.29 × 10(-3) and 4.64 × 10(-3) mm in medial and distal direction, the displacement trend of them were moving lingually and gingivally similar to bodily movement. The stress peach of upper central incisor, periodontal ligament and alveolar bone were 31.35, 2.52 and 4.64 MPa, the stress peach of upper lateral incisor, periodontal ligament and alveolar bone were 19.59, 1.28 and 4.12 Mpa, the stress distribution of them were similar and the periodontal ligament buffered the stress imposed on the tooth.

Alveolar Process ; physiology ; Dental Stress Analysis ; Finite Element Analysis ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Incisor ; physiology ; Maxilla ; physiology ; Models, Biological ; Periodontium ; physiology ; Stress, Mechanical ; Tomography, Spiral Computed ; Tooth Crown ; physiology ; Tooth Migration ; Tooth Movement Techniques ; instrumentation ; methods

OBJECTIVETo investigate the feasibility of treatment for calculous pyonephrosis with first stage percutaneous nephrolithotomy under the standard access.

METHODSThirty-six cases of calculous pyonephrosis and 36 cases of urolithiasis with no pyonephrosis were treated by percutaneous nephrolithotomy. In the nephrostomy, the caliber was dilated to F24. All the operations were preformed through the EMS lithotrity system. The intrapelvic pressure was detected in the operation. The hemoculture before and after operation, the germi culture of urine, and the temperature and blood leucocyte changes after operation were recorded. All the patients were treated by antibiotics before and after the operation.

RESULTSAll the patients were treated successfully. The average intrapelvic pressure were 23.2 cmH(2)O in non-pyonephrosis group and 22.8 cmH(2)O in pyonephrosis group. Both of the groups had 1 case of transient bacteremia after the operation. No significant difference was found in the other indices between the two groups.

CONCLUSIONEMS lithotrity system is safe and feasible for treating calculous pyonephrosis with stage I percutaneous nephrolithotomy via the standard access.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Endoscopy ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney Calculi ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nephrostomy, Percutaneous ; methods ; Pyonephrosis ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult