Surface electromyogram (sEMG) may have low signal to noise ratios. An adaptive wavelet thresholding technique was developed in this study to remove noise contamination from sEMG signals. Compared with convention- al wavelet thresholding methods, the adaptive approach can adjust thresholds based on different signal to noise ratios of the processed signal, thus effectively removing noise contamination and reducing distortion of the EMG signal. The advantage of the developed adaptive thresholding method was demonstrated using simulated and experimental sEMG recordings.
Algorithms ; Electromyography ; Humans ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Wavelet Analysis

Objective To investigated the expression of intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1)in mouse to rat cardiac xenograft and the effects of leflunomide and cyclosporine.Methods NIH mice and Wistar rats served as donors and recipients respectively.Mouse to rat heterotopic heart transplantation was performed(in the neck).The experiments were divided into 4 groups:CsA group,leflunomide(Lef)group,CsA+Lef group,control group.It was the time of rejection that no pulsation could be detected in the transplanted heart.The expression of ICAM-1 protein in cardiac xenograft tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot in each group.Results The survival time of cardiac xenograft in control group,CsA group,Lef group and CsA+Lef group was (2.17?0.41),(2.50?1.05),(4.17?1.33)and(6.50?2.56)days respectively.The expression of ICAM-1 protein(IOD)in cardiac xenograft tissue in control group,CsA group,Lef group and CsA+ Lef group was 155.40?5.33,150.73?5.13,104.65?6.15 and 29.24?2.76 respectively.Conclu- sion The expression of ICAM-1 protein was strong in mouse to rat cardiac xenograft.The combined use of Lef and CsA can significantly suppress the expression of ICAM-1 protein in the cardiac xenograft.

Hirudin is one of the most potent anti-coagulant protein ever found, and its C-terminus is a key domain for inhibiting thrombin.In order to enhance its specificity,a novel anti-coagulant protein was constructed via fusing the C-terminus of hirudin to Annexin V, which was expected to sustain both anti coagulant activity and phorspholipid affinity. The structure of the designed protein was predicted with both molecular mechanics and dynamics. Molecular dynamics was adopted to simulate the docking interaction between the fusion protein and thrombin. The results showed the inhibitory activity of the fusion protein to thrombin.

Objective: To better understand homing potentiality of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) in human umbilial cord blood (UCB) and the mechanism of dextran sulfate (DS) mobilization. Methods: Sub lethally irradiated or DS pretreated severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice were transplanted with UCB, which was cryopreserved at -80℃.Human cells in recipient mice were detected by flow cytometry and CFU GM assay from each host organ. Results: In contrast with the controls, engraftment after irradiation or administration of DS resulted in a higher percentage of CD45 +,CD34 +,CD19 + cells produced in SCID mice. While comparison between the experimental groups, higher implantation level was obtained in the former if equivalent donor cells were used in both groups. Conclusion:DS is a safe and effective pretreatment, which can mobilize HSC, but also vocate niches for transplanted HSC homing. [

To enhance the scientific research participation of the medical postgraduates, and pro-mote core competitiveness of the medical colleges, based on analysis of the necessity of patent application in medical colleges postgraduate, we constructed the teaching teams including the medical professors, patent engineers, graduate teaching manager, and science and technology managers. The problem-based learning (PBL) and case-based learning (CBL) as teaching methods were used in practice. The patent courses included the reference search and analysis, basic knowledge of patent law, and patent application training module were constructed; and the teaching effect were evaluated and optimized through the scores of the patent basic theory test, research output, and the training of the patent application. The patent course of the medi-cal postgraduates provides a reference for cultivating the compound talents have scientific research innova-tion and patent application capability.

Objective To provide evidence for the clinical prevention and treatment of prostate cancer by the clinical study in elderly patients with prostate cancer and metabolic syndrome(MS).Methods 196 patients diagnosed as prostate cancer in our hospital from July 2007 to March 2013 were recruited.Clinical data,including age,height,body weight,waistline,triacylglycerol(TG),high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C),fasting blood glucose (FPG),prostate specific antigen (PSA),prostate volume(PV),systolic and diastolic blood pressures and pathological Gleason score,were analyzed.Patients were divided into two groups of prostate cancer with and without MS.Results The prostate cancer with MS group showed no statistical differences from simple prostate cancer group in the levels of age,TG,systolic pressure(SBP),diastolic pressure(DBP) and Gleason score(all P＞0.05),but had statistical differences in the levels of BMI,waistline,FPG,HDL-C,PSAandPV(t=2.89,2.67,3.13,-3.16,-3.13,3.14,respectively,all P＜0.05).SerumPSA level was lower in patients with obesity and high level of TG than in patients without obesity and high level of TG(t=4.27 and 3.89,all P＜0.01),while serum PSA level was lower in men with high FPG and low HDL than in men with normal levels of FPG and HDL-C,but had no statistically significant differences(all P＞0.05).Serum PSA level was higher in patients with high diastolic pressure than with normal diastolic pressure level(t=0.138,P＜0.01).PSA was positively correlated with age and DBP(r=0.21 and 0.18,both P＜0.01) and negatively correlated with BMI,FPG,TG(r=-0.12,-0.18,-0.03,respectively,all P＜0.01),but had no significant correlations with waistline,HDLC,and SBP.Conclusions The correlation of the occurrence and development of prostate cancer with metabolic syndrome may exist,and the level of serum PSA is also correlated with MS.Serum PSA level is affected by age,DBP,BMI,FPG and TG.

Objective To inspect the efficacy and mucosa healing condition of infliximab with azathioprine combination therapy in Crohn's disease (CD) and its correlation with prognosis.Methods A total of 20 active CD patients who received infliximab and azathioprine combination therapy at The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University were objects of this study.The clinical efficacy was evaluated at 10 weeks,30 weeks,54 weeks and 2 years respectively according to CD activity index.The efficacy was evaluated under endoscopy at 10 weeks,30 weeks,54 weeks and 2 years respectively according to mucosal response situation under endoscopy.The data were analyzed by analysis of variance or Fisher's exact test between two groups.The factor affecred mucosal healing was analyzed by Logistic regression analysis.Results The clinical remission rate of patients without steroid at week 10,30,54 and 2 year were 12/20,16/20,15/20 and 15/20 respectively.Mucosal healing rate at week 10,30 and 54 weeks were 8/20,12/20 and 10/20 respectively.Logistic regression analysis indicated that age was the only factor affected mucosal healing at 30 weeks (OR =0.774,95％ CI:0.630 to 0.950).There was significant differences in clinical remission between mucosa response patients and invalid under endoscopy at 30 weeks and 2 years without steroid (at 30 weeks:14/14 vs 2/6; at 2 years:14/14 vs 1/6; all P＜0.01).Infliximab were withdrawn in 4 of 16 patients who was in non-steroid clinical remission at 30 weeks,and the other 12 patients were continued with infliximab therapy.There was no significant difference in non-steroid clinical remission rate (4/4 vs 11/12) and mucosa healing rate (2/4 vs 7/12) between withdrawal and continue of infliximab therapy (all P＞0.05).Conclusions Infliximab with azathioprine combination therapy can effectively promote and maintain mucosa healing in CD.The mucosa response patients can maintain long time non-steroid clinical remission.

Objective To investigate the evaluation standard and proper time point of anti-tuberculosis trial for differential diagnosis between intestinal tuberculosis (ITB) and Crohn's disease (CD). Methods Clinical data and endoscopic changes of 28 patients with confirmed ITB and 11 with confirmed CD,who underwent anti-tuberculosis trail, were retrospectively analyzed. Results No significant difference could be found in clinical characteristics of ITB and CD patients on baseline, such as active pulmonary tuberculosis, strong positive skin test and anal fistula/perianal abscess. Clinical symptoms were relieved in both groups right after anti-tuberculosis treatment. After 3 months of treatment, the no-improvement rate in ITB group was 0, whereas that of CD group was 27.3% (P =0. 004). The disappearance rate plus improvement rate of ulcer in ITB group was 90. 9% (20/22) plus 9. 1% (2/22) and 100% ( 28/28 ) plus 0 at 3 and 6 months of treatment, respectively. The disappearance rate plus improvement rate of nodular lesion was 58. 8% (10/17) plus 41.2% (7/17) and 76. 5% (13/17) plus 23.5% (4/17), respectively. There was no obvious improvement of active ulcer or nodular transformation in CD group at any time point ( P ＜ 0. 01 ).Conclusion With deficiency of special index for differential diagnosis of ITB and CD, some cases hard to differentiate still have to accept anti-tuberculosis treatment. Three months of anti-tuberculosis treatment is a proper time point to evaluate the efficacy. Disappearance of active ulcer and nodular transformation, together with cure or obvious improvement in clinic are taken as effective for treatment trail.

Objective To explore the effects of recombinant human hormone(rhGH) on the plasma total protein,plasma albmin,healing of Wound surfaces in patients with the second degree burns wound.Methods 38 pa- tients with the second degree burns wound were divided into treatment group and control group randomly.All the patients were subject general.19 patients in the treatment group were given rhGH in a dose of 0.2U/kg for 14 days beginning from postoperative 5 days.The plasma total protein concentration,plasma albumin concentration,healing rat of wound surface and scar of patients of the two group were compared.Results The plasma total protein concen- tration plasma albumin concentration of the treatment group were significantly in creased,the scar hyperplasia of the treatment group were significantly mitigated and the healing time of wound surfaces of the treatment group were sig- nificantly shortened.Conclusion rhGH is found to promote protein anabotism and shorten the healing time of wound surfaces and mitigate the scar hyperplasia patients with the second degree burns wound.

BACKGROUND:Tree shrew is a representative between insectivore and primates, has a high degree of evolution, is more inexpensive primates, has high use of medical biology, and has been attached by scholars. OBJECTIVE:To detect whether the commonly used secondary antibodies have immune response with tree shrew serum. METHODS:Western blot assay and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay were utilized to detect whether the tree shrew serum had cross-reacts with anti-rabbit, anti-goat, anti-human, anti-mouse, anti-rat, and anti-monkey secondary antibodies. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Western blot assay results indicated that tree shrew serums did not react with anti-rabbit, anti-goat, anti-human, anti-mouse, and anti-rat secondary antibodies and had cross reaction with anti-monkey secondary antibody. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay results also indicated that tree shrew serums were cross-reactive with anti-monkey secondary antibody, but did not have cross-reactivity with the other secondary antibodies. Above data confirmed that the usual y soled secondary antibody cannot be used to immunoassay with tree shrews IgG. Only anti-monkey secondary antibody has cross-react with tree shrew serum. It is necessary to prepare anti-tree shrew IgG monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies. When no antibody is readily available at present, anti-monkey secondary antibody can be used to substitute detection, and can be widely applied in the study of tree shrew models of disease.