ObjectiveTo understand the nursing undergraduates' graduation thesis writing,to provide basis for the revised management plan and improve the overall quality of graduation thesis.Methods A self-designed questionnaire was given to 158 four-year program nursing graduates of Grade 2006 by group and the questionnaires were collected timely and analyzed with SPSS 17.0.Results63.19％ of students thought it necessary to write thesis,86.71％ thought internship beneficial for wrting and 64.6％ hoped to finish the thesis writing before the practice because of great pressure.ConclusionStudents' recognition degree to graduation thesis directly affects the quality of thesis writing.A reasonable teaching plan should be made and school resources should be fully used to improve the quality of thesis writing.

Toll like receptors(TLRs) , a pattern conservative receptor superfamily are found on mammalian cell surface over the last decade. TLRs recognize distinct pathogen - associated molecular patterns, which can lead not only to the responses of the innate immunity but also to the development of the antigenspecific adaptive immunity. The expression of TLRs have changed in some carcinomas, besides, microbial composition and drugs mediate the tumor immunotherapy by the way of TLRs signal transduction. Consequently , deep studies on TLRs will provide new approaches for tumor immunotherapy.

This article introduces a cerebral thrombus protection device for the cerebral interventional treatment, also introduces the principle, design and manufacturing process of the device, and confirmes the effectiveness in vitro experiment.
Equipment Design ; Humans ; Thrombosis ; prevention & control

Objective To explore the effect of methylprednisolone combined with interferon in the treatment patients with relapse remitting multiple sclerosis.Methods 90 patients with relapse remitting multiple sclerosis were randomly divided into experimental group and treatment group.The experimental group during the acute stage with methylprednisolone pulse therapy,remission with interferon β (IFN-β) treatment; the control group only in the acute phase with methylprednisolone pulse therapy.Results The total effective rate of methylprednisolone pulse therapy in the acute stage was 98.9％.Experimental group during the treatment with IFN-β1α,relapse rate was 30.2％ ;patients in the control group were followed up for two years,the recurrence rate was 53.3％.Experimental group and control group was significantly different ( P ＜ 0.05 ),the experimental group was significantly lower than the control group.Conclusion For relapsing-remitting MS,using MPPT could relieve acute symptom in the acute stage,and in remission using of IFN-β1α relapse prevention was a good choice for clinicians.

neoplasia.

Objective To evaluate the effect of tissue-engineered nerve graft combined with tetramethylpyrazine in the repair of ischiadic nerve defect in rats.Methods Fifty-five adult SD rats were allocated into groups A (n =15),B (n =15),C (n =15) and D (n =10),according to the random number table.All experimental sciatic nerves were at the right hind side.After the rats were anesthetized with 10 g/L pentobarbital through abdominal injection,a 1.5 cm nerve sciatic nerve was excised at the point 0.5 cm away from the lower margin of the piriformis.Four grafts were used to bridge the nerve defect,including tissue-engineered nerve transplanted neural stem cells (NSCs) that were cultured in medium containing tetramethylpyrazine for 1 week (group A),tissue-engineered nerve transplanted NSCs that were cultured in tetramethylpyrazine-free medium for 1 week (group B),acellular nerve allograft (group C),and nerve autograft (group D).After operation,group A was administered tetramethylpyrazine for 12 weeks in the operative site.For other groups,the same volume of normal saline was used instead of tetramethylpyrazine.Repair results were detected with the sciatic function index (SFI),nerve electrophysiological evaluation,fluorescent microscopy,horseradish peroxidas (HRP) retrograde tracer and nerve fiber regeneration study.Results At postoperative 2 weeks,no differences were found in SFI and electrophysiological evaluation among the groups,there was an intensive fluorescence in groups A and B and no fluorescence in group C,and large nestin-positive cells were observed in groups A and B.At postoperative 12 weeks,SFI was-17.52 ± 2.41 in group A,-25.74 ± 2.85 in group B,-36.12 ± 3.41 in group C and-15.87 ± 2.26 in group D;electrophysiological evaluation showed nerve conduction velocity of (9.43 ± 0.40) m/s in group A,(7.76 ± 0.31) m/s in group B,(5.87 ± 0.67) m/s in group C and (10.16 ± 0.39) m/s in group D;fluorescence microscope and histological staining showed NSCs could survive in vivo,migrate and differentiate into neurons and gliocytes;HRP-positive neurons were 885.40 ± 19.91 in group A,684.57 ± 38.37 in group B,390.33 ± 43.41 in group C and 941.67 ± 32.54 in group D;regenerated nerve fibers,often myelinated were large in group A.All the measures in group A were better compared to groups B and C (P ＜ 0.05),but didn't differ from those in group D (P ＞0.05).Conclusion Tissue-engineered nerve transplanted NSCs cultured in medium including tetramethylpyrazine can effectively repair rat sciatic nerve defect,and promote peripheral nerve regeneration and lower limb motor function recovery.

Objective To explore the diagnostic value of MRI in female non-genital origin masses in pelvis.Methods The MRI features of female non-genital origin masses confirmed by surgery pathology in 15 patients were analyzed retrospectively.Results Preoperative MRI showed that 10 masses were mixed type,3 masses were solid,and other 2 masses were cystic,5 masess were mis-diagnosed as genital origin tumors.Pathological results revealed the masses in 6 patients from digestive system,5 from abdominal and retroperitoneal tumor,and other 4 from other tumors,including small intestine stromal tumors in 4 patients,sigmoid colon ade-nocarcinoma in 1,mucinous cystadenoma of the appendix in 1 patients,mesenteric liposarcoma in 1 schwannomas in 2,retroperitoneal fibromatosis in 1,hibernoma in 1,gossypiboma in 2,lymphatic cyst in 1,and lymphoma in 1.Conclusion Female non-genital origin masses in pelvis are easily misdiagnosed as ovarian tumor before operation,and other clinical features should be paid attention in or-der to reduce misdiagnosis.

Congenital bile duct dilatation may occur in any part of the biliary tree,and the diagnosis and treatment of lesions involving the intrahepatic bile duct is the most challenging issue.Surgical operation plays a dominant role in the management of congenital bile duct dilatation,with the purposes of relieving symptoms and preventing disease progression and malignant transformation.Surgical principles are radical resection of lesions and reconstruction of unobstructed bile drainage.Hepatectomy is the main surgical procedure for congenital bile duct dilatation with involvement of the intrahepatic bile duct,and liver transplantation can be used for diffuse lesions.Therefore,we believe that hepatectomy and early intervention will maximize patients' benefits.

Idiopathic Refractory Nephrotic Syndrome (IRNS) has been an intractable problem in clinical treatment .Anti CD20 monoclonal antibody is a new type of immunosuppressive agent , which can induce the lysis and apoptosis of B cells .Significant-ly, it improves the prognosis of IRNS patients .In recent years, a number of case studies and clinical trials have been conducted on the effectiveness of anti CD20 monoclonal antibody in the treatment of children with IRNS .In this paper, the mechanism, clinical applica-tion, adverse effects and problems in the study of anti CD 20 monoclonal antibody in IRNS will be reviewed .

Objective To explore the factors influencing health management demand by community residents.Methods Using data from the survey of Health Management Demand by Community Residents in Hangzhou,this paper examined the influence factors with the logistic model from such four aspects as individual characteristics,economic characteristics,health level and health awareness.Results The health awareness poses a positive impact on health management demand;the level of health has a negative impact while income has an inflection point(5 000 yuan per month).However,individual characteristics have no significant effect. Conclusion Such measures as enhancing health management awareness of the residents,building a health management system centering on communities and supported by health management firms,and building health management information platform,can effectively satisfy such demand.