OBJECTIVETo evaluate computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in patients with autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP).

METHODSThe imaging findings of pancreas and extra-pancreas in 24 patients with AIP were retrospectively reviewed. Among them, CT scan was performed in 18 patients, MRI in 11, and bGth CT and MRI in 10.

RESULTSThe pancreas showed diffuse enlargement (25%, 6/24), focal enlargement (37. 5%, 9/24), combined enlargement (25%, 6/24) ,and no enlargement (12. 5%, 9/24). Unenhanced CT showed hypoattenuation in AIP area (n = 2) . After intravenous injection of contrast medium, 17 patients showed abnormal contrast enhancement in the affected pancreatic parenchyma, including hypoattenuation during the arterial phase (50%, 9/18) and hyper attenuation during the delayed phase (94. 4%, 17/18). Precontrast MRI showed abnormal signal intense (n =9), including hypointense on T1-weight images (T1 WI) (n = 7), hyperintense (n = 7) and hypointense (n = 2) on T2-weight images (TIWI). Enhanced MRI demonstrated abnormal contrast enhancement within lesions (n = 11), including hypoattenuation during the arterial phase (81. 8%, 9/11) and good enhancement during the delayed phase (100%, 11111). A capsule-like rim was seen around pancreas (37. 5%, 9/24), among which CT detected in 6 out of 18 patients and MRI found in 7 out of 11 patients.The main pancreatic duct lumen within lesions has no visualization (100%, 24/24) and upstream dilation of the main pancreatic duct (n = 8) , ranging from 2. 2 to 4. 5 mm(mean 3. 1 0. 47 mm) in diameter. Narrowing of the common bile duct was shown in 14 patients. Miscellaneous findings were: infiltration of extrapancreatic vein (n = 9) and artery (n = 1); mild fluid collection around pancreas (n = 2); pseudocysts (n = 3). Fourteen patients also presented one or more of the following extrapancreatic imaging findings: narrowing of the intra-hepatic bile duct or hilar duct (n = 5); thickening of gallbladder wall (n = 5); fibrosis in mesenteric (n = 2), in retroperitoneal (n = 2) and in ligamentum teres hepatis (n = 1); renal involvement (n = 3); peri-pancreatic or para-aortic lymphadenopathy (n = 10); and ulcerative colitis (n = 3).

CONCLUSIONAIP display some characteristic CT and MRI imaging features: sausage-like change of the pancreas; capsule-like rims around lesions; delayed contrast enhancement in the affected pancreatic parenchyma; segment or diffuse pancreatic duct stenosis but mild upstream dilation and extrapancreatic organs involvement. CT and MRI findings combining with serological tests and pancreas biopsy can assist physicians to make accurate and timely diagnosis.

Adult ; Aged ; Autoimmune Diseases ; diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pancreas ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Pancreatitis ; diagnosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

OBJECTIVETo identify the affect of chronic low back pain on multifidus muscle atrophy and fatty infiltration.

METHODSFrom March 2010 to August 2013, a retrospective study were carried out in the department of orthopedics of patients with low back pain. Finally 31 cases were selected to this study including 19 males and 12 females with an average age of 36.4 years ranging from 23 to 55 years. The main symptoms of these patients were repeated back pain. Duration was more than 1 year. X-ray, CT, MRI showed no obvious abnormalities. The changes of net cross-sectional area of multifidus and T2 signal ratio of the same patient were measured at different time by MRI. VAS and Oswestry disability scores were recorded in two MRI examination. Correlation between these change of multifidus net area and T2 signal ratio in two times measurement and duration of low back pain, VAS, Oswestry disability scores were analyzed to find the affection of low back pain on paraspinal multifidus muscle.

RESULTSThe net multifidus cross-sectional area in same case by the second follow-up MRI is significantly smaller than that of the first follow-up, T2 signal ratio at second was significantly higher than that of the first (P < 0.05). The net cross sectional area of multifidus muscles reduced rate were positively correlated with VAS scores, duration and of Oswestry disabilitry scores (P < 0.001). The rate of increase in T2 signal ratio was not correlated with VAS scores,duration and the Oswestry disability scores (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONChronic low back pain is one of the most important reasons of paraspinal multifidus muscle atrophy and fatty. The duration, VAS and Oswestry disability scores of chronic low back pain were positively correlated with the multifidus muscle atrophy.

Adult ; Chronic Disease ; Female ; Humans ; Low Back Pain ; complications ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Muscular Atrophy ; diagnostic imaging ; etiology ; Paraspinal Muscles ; diagnostic imaging ; Radiography ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo analyze the clinical characteristics and the surgical treatment strategy of cervical kyphosis.

METHODSFrom March 2006 to October 2009, 31 cases of cervical kyphosis were treated. According to the clinical features and imaging findings, different treatment methods were used. There were 9 patients in operation group, including 4 male and 5 female patients, aged from 17 to 72 years (average age of 35 years). Among them, 5 cases were idiopathic kyphosis and 4 cases were caused by laminectomy or other reasons. There were 22 patients in conservative treatment group, including 11 male and 11 female patients, aged from 14 to 40 years (average age of 29 years), who were all idiopathic cervical kyphosis. Before and 1 week after operation, clinical assessment were taken for the patients in operation group using Spinal Cord Injuries Classification Standard of American Spinal Injury Association (AISA). During the periodic review, the anteroposterior, normal sagittal films of cervical spine were taken. At 1 week and every 6 months after operation, MRI films were also taken. These films were studied to evaluate the effects of the operations. In the conservative group, assessment of treatment results by studying anteroposterior and normal lateral views of cervical spine were were taken every month. The clinical characteristics and the surgical treatment strategies of these patients were analyzed.

RESULTSIn operation group, 9 cases were followed up for 6 to 18 months, all patients did not failed in internal fixation and fusion. AISA neurological score and neurological function significantly improved. Three days after operation the average Cobb angle was -1.29 ° (preoperative 54.24 °). In conservative group, the average Cobb angle was -5.41 ° (before treatment 11.20 °) 4 months after the treatment. The symptoms of neck shoulder and back pain disappeared, and all patients were followed up for 3 to 24 months, with no recurrence of symptoms.

CONCLUSIONSIn the early period of cervical kyphosis, adopt postural therapy, plaster braces to correct an imbalance in cervical spine biomechanics can prevent deformity development. According to patients' clinical characteristics, choosing individual treatment programs can correct the severe cervical kyphosis and achieve good outcome.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Cervical Vertebrae ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Kyphosis ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Spinal Fusion ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of gene expression of mouse uroplakin II (UPII) promoter on human bladder cell cancer cell line.

METHODSThe mRNA expression of different cell lines was quantified by RT-PCR. Green fluorescent protein (GFP) and luciferase (Luc) were used as reporter genes. The plasmids carrying UPII or GFP were constructed and transfected into human cell lines of bladder transitional cell cancer (BIU-87), kindey cancer (GRC-1), vascular endothelium (EC), lung cancer cell line (A549) and skin fibroblast cell line (Hs27). GFP activity of cells was detected by confocual microscopy and flow cytometry (FCM). Luciferase value was measured by luminometer (microplate) and luciferase to beta-galactosidase ratios (L/G values) were used for evaluating transfection efficiency.

RESULTSRT-PCR showed high expression level of UPII mRNA in bladder cancer cell line BIU-87, whereas low level or no expression in nonbladder cancer cell lines. The activity of GFP in bladder cancer (BIU-87) cell was higher than that in the other cell lines (5 - 10/HP versus 0 - 2/HP), with 4.34% positive cells in BIU-87 detected by FCM, but no positive cell was found in the other cell lines. L/G values indicated that the luciferase expression in human bladder cancer cells transfected with mouse UPII promoter was 1.8 - 8.2-fold as high as that in the nonbladder cell lines.

CONCLUSIONMouse UPII promoter gene can be expressed in a tissue-specific fashion in human urinary bladder cancer. It is capable of initiating transcription of reporter genes in human bladder cancer cell line.

Animals ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Flow Cytometry ; Genetic Therapy ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; Humans ; Luminescent Proteins ; genetics ; Membrane Proteins ; genetics ; Mice ; Organ Specificity ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Transfection ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; genetics ; therapy ; Uroplakin II

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy and safety of recombinant human thrombopoietin (rhTPO) in treatment for chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia in patients with lung cancer.

METHODSFifty-one lung cancer patients with platelet count < 100 x 10(9)/L after chemotherapy were enrolled into this study. They were divided into three groups: mild, moderate and severe thrombocytopenia groups according to the platelet count. rhTPO was subcutaneously administered at a dosage of 300 microg kg(-1) d(-1) until the platelet count >or= 100 x 10(9)/L or absolute value of platelet count >or= 50 x 10(9)/L. Laboratory tests included routine blood count, serum biochemistry, and blood coagulation test.

RESULTSThe duration of the chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia was significantly shorter in the mild group than that in the moderate and severe groups (P < 0.01). After administration of rhTPO, the time of declined platelet count beginning to recover was also significantly shorter in the mild group than that in the moderate and severe groups (P < 0.01). There was a statistically significant difference in platelet transfusion needed among the three groups (P < 0.01). However, no significant difference was found among the three groups in the time of rhTPO treatment (P > 0.05) and platelet count improvement (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONRecombinant human thrombopoietin can be effectively and safely administered to deal with grade III/IV chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia in lung cancer patients with mild adverse effects.

Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Dizziness ; chemically induced ; Female ; Fever ; chemically induced ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; blood ; drug therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Platelet Count ; Platelet Transfusion ; Recombinant Proteins ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Thrombocytopenia ; chemically induced ; drug therapy ; therapy ; Thrombopoietin ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use

OBJECTIVETo know the genotype and subtype of hantavirus (HV) which infected persons in Hebei province.

METHODSAccording to G2 coding region of 76-118 and R22 strains, specific type primers were designed to detect and identity the types of HV in HFRS patients' sera with RT-nested PCR. Nucleotides were assayed from partial products after purification and reclaim. Then, gene analysis was done with DNAStar package.

RESULTS17 out of 69 positive serum specimens were successfully detected by RT-PCR and the detection rate was 24.64%, among which, or= 14 days were 0. 17 positive specimens were all belonged to SEO. The nucleotide homology of 9 typical specimens was 92.0%-100%. Between HeB7 and other 8 specimens was 92%-95%, and they belonged to different subtypes. When HeB7 compared with R22 strain, it was 97.7%. HeB7 and R22 belonged to S1 subtype. The 8 specimens except HeB7 was 95.7%-100% and they all belonged to S3 subtype. When compared with 76-118 strain, 9 specimens' nucleotide homology was only 70.3%-72.7%, belonged to different type.

CONCLUSIONSEO was the major type of HV from HFRS patients in Hebei province, S3 was the major subtype and S1 was also existed. In a certain area, the HV which belonged to the same type was correspondingly conservative, and had the characteristic of regional stability.

China ; Genotype ; Hantavirus ; classification ; genetics ; Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome ; diagnosis ; prevention & control ; therapy ; virology ; Humans ; Phylogeny ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Viral Envelope Proteins ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo discuss CT and MRI characteristics of hepatic angiomyolipoma based on pathological findings.

METHODSThe CT and MRI appearances with related pathohistological subtypes of 11 hepatic angiomyolipomas from 10 patients were retrospectively analyzed.

RESULTTen patients with hepatic angiomyolipomas were subcategorized into lipomatous (3 cases), angiomatous (1 case), myomatous (1 case) and mixed (5 cases) subtypes. Lesions of the lipomatous type were mainly composed of adipocytes which could be easily recognized on both CT and MRI. Abnormal vessels were commonly seen in the angiomatous lesions, which showed pronounced enhancement in the early arterial phase and remained higher than or isodense with the normal parenchyma in the portal phase. The myomatous type was predominantly composed of leiomyoid cells mixed with small amount of adipocytes. The mixed type was the most frequent,evenly comprising sheets of epithelioid muscle cells admixed with islands of adipocytes and abnormal vessels, and showing homogeneously low density on plain CT and low signal intensity on T1-weighted,intermediately high signal intensity on T2-weighted MRI scans. On dynamic study with both CT and MRI, the mixed type exhibited obvious enhancement, which retained to some degree during the portal phase.

CONCLUSIONThe discrete CT and MRI appearances of hepatic angiomyolipomas with different pathological subtypes depend on the components of the tumor.

Adult ; Angiomyolipoma ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; blood supply ; pathology ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; diagnostic imaging ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; methods

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effects of magnetic Twin-block appliance in the treatment of skeletal class II cases.

METHODSThe magnetic Twin-block appliance was embedded with two pairs of neodymium-iron-boron (Nd(2)Fe(14)B) rare earth permanent magnets in the upper and lower inclined planes of Twin-block appliance. The sample comprised of 13 skeletal class II patients in the late mixed or early permanent dentition treated by magnetic Twin-block appliance. Cephalometric films were taken before and after treatment. Helix CT images of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in all patients were examined before treatment (T1), during treatment (4 months after appliance placement, T2), after treatment (T3) and one year after treatment (T4).

RESULTSA double contour image was detected in the superior posterior part of the condylar head on the pseudo-sagittal reconstruction plane pictures of T2 in 11 patients. The double contour image could be observed in most patients as well. This image also exhibited on the pictures of T3 in several patients. On the pictures of T2 and T3 in some patients, interruption of cortical bone and "bifurcation phenomenon" of condyles were shown. Pictures of T1 and T4 were similar and no signs of remodeling of TMJ were observed. Cephalometric analysis revealed significant changes in the maxillofacial structure after treatment. The profile of patients improved.

CONCLUSIONSBone remodeling of condyle occurred during the magnetic Twin-block treatment in class II patients. Magnetic Twin-block appliance was effective in the treatment of the growing skeletal class II patients.

Adolescent ; Bone Remodeling ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetics ; Male ; Malocclusion, Angle Class II ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Mandibular Condyle ; physiopathology ; Orthodontic Appliances ; Orthodontics, Corrective ; instrumentation ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression of RKIP, p65 and pERK in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and theIr correlation with invasion and metastasis of HCC.

METHODSReverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of RKIP mRNA. The expression levels of RKIP, p65 and pERK proteins in HCC tumor and peritumoral tissues were determined by immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis. Statistical analysis was performed to determine the relationship between their expression and clinicopathological parameters.

RESULTSRKIP protein expression level (RKIP/actin) was 0.579 ± 0.380 in HCCs, 1.178 ± 0.659 in peritumoral tissues and 1.115 ± 0.442 in normal liver tissues. The pERK protein level was 1.023 ± 0.478, 0.605 ± 0.367 and 0.461 ± 0.293, p65 protein level was 0.83 ± 0.376, 0.63 ± 0.337 and 0.466 ± 0.345, respectively. Immunohistochemistry analysis showed that the RKIP positive rates in HCCs, peritumoral tissues and normal liver tissues, were 22.2%, 86.0%, and 93.8%, positive rates of p65 were 73.6%, 56.0% and 37.5%, positive rates of pERK were 65.3%, 38.0% and 31.3%, respectively. Statistical analysis revealed that there was a significant difference in RKIP protein expression levels (P < 0.05), but no significant difference in RKIP mRNA expression levels (P > 0.05) among HCC tumors, peritumoral tissues and normal liver tissues. The p65-positive and pERK-positive rates were higher in tumor tissues than that in peritumoral tissues and in normal liver tissues (P < 0.05), but RKIP-positive rates were lower in tumor tissues than that in paritumoral tissues and normal liver tissues (P < 0.05). RKIP protein expression levels were significantly lower in HCCs with intrahepatic or lymphatic metastasis than that in without. The RKIP positive rates in moderately and well differentiated HCCs were significantly higher than that in poorly differentiated HCCs. There was a relationship between RKIP and pERK expressions (P = 0.04), but RKIP expression was not correlated with p65 expression in HCCs (P = 0.143).

CONCLUSIONSOur findings indicate that the down-regulation of RKIP expression may serve as a predictive marker for HCC development, progression and metastasis, which may contribute to the elevated ERK activity. The inhibiting effect of RKIP on invasion and metastasis of liver cancer cells may be due to the down-regulation of pERK expression rather than p65 expression.

Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; metabolism ; pathology ; Down-Regulation ; Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases ; metabolism ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Liver ; metabolism ; Liver Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Phosphatidylethanolamine Binding Protein ; genetics ; metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; Transcription Factor RelA ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo evaluate three dimensional dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (3D-DCE MRA) in diagnosis of cavernous transformation of portal vein (CTPV).

METHODSTwenty-four patients with CTPV underwent 3D-DCE MRA examinations and the reconstructed images were retrospectively analyzed. A series of clinical, laboratory and imaging studies were performed on all these cases. Among all cases 14 underwent operations and 2 with hepatocellular carcinoma complicated portal thrombosis received transhepatic artery chemoembolization.

RESULTThe CTPA was located in the main trunk in 10 cases, in both the main trunk and left/right branches in 8, and in left or right branches of the portal vein in 4. In the remaining 2 cases CTPA was located at the level of superior mesenteric vein. MRA revealed multiple circuitous collateral veins striding over obstruction to extend into the liver in 9 cases,and in 7 it simultaneously showed streaky or dot-like low signal intensities representing thrombi in the extensively dilated network of portal system. MRA did not clearly demonstrate the structure of the portal vein but only showed multiple sinuous network of venous collaterals strangling together in 6 cases. In 15 cases it also showed the route and distribution of multiple hepatofugal venous collaterals.

CONCLUSION3D-DCE MRA can provide adequate information about the site and severity of CTPA.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Contrast Media ; Female ; Hemangioma, Cavernous ; diagnosis ; etiology ; pathology ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Liver Neoplasms ; complications ; Magnetic Resonance Angiography ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Portal Vein ; pathology ; Retrospective Studies ; Venous Thrombosis ; diagnosis ; etiology ; pathology