The purpose of this study is to obtain effective and stable bacteriocin-like substance from lactic acid bacteria. Lactobacillus buchneri KLDS1.0364,which was isolated from fermented cream,a traditional dairy product in Inner Mongolia,could produce bacteriocin-like substance. The bacteriocin-like substance produced by KLDS1.0364 was partially purified and the characteristics were studied. The bacteriocin-like substance was purified by SP-Sepharose fast flow cation exchange chromatography. The molecular weight of the bacteriocin-like substance was 21.6kD,as determined by tricine-SDS-PAGE. The bacteriocin-like substance remained stable after 30 min at 121℃ and after 2 h of incubation during pH 2～10. Complete inactivation of antimicrobial activity was observed after treatment of the bacteriocin-like substance with several proteinases. Treatment with catalase and ?-amylase did not result in any changes of antimicrobial activity. The mode of action of the bacteriocin-like substance is bactericidal. It exhibited a broad spectrum of antagonistic activity against various species of Gram-positive bacteria,Gram-negative bacteria and fungi.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Barium ; poisoning ; Chronic Disease ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Diseases ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

Adolescent ; Cardiomyopathies ; complications ; genetics ; Female ; Heart Ventricles ; abnormalities ; Humans ; Pedigree ; Sick Sinus Syndrome ; complications ; genetics

Objective To observe the effects of ICB orthopedic sole combined with rehabilitation training on balance and walking function in stroke survivors.Methods Thirty hemiplegic stroke patients were recruited and divided into a study group (n =15) and a control group (n =15) by using a random number table.Both groups took exercises based on the principles of a motor relearning program and conducted core stability control training,and the study group additionally undertook hemiplegic lower extremity weight-bearing exercises and walking with ICB orthopedic sole used in daily living.The program was administered 20 min twice per day for 4 weeks.All patients were evaluated with Rest Calcaneus Standing Position (RCSP),Malleolar Position (MP),Forefoot Position (FP),Berg Balance Scale (BBS),l0 m Maximum Walking Speed (MWS) and walking section of Motor Assessment Scale (MAS)before and after the program.Results After 4 weeks of intervention,all the measurements except the FP in both groups improved significantly,and significant differences were observed between the two groups.After 4 weeks of training,the average RCSP (1.78 ± 0.32) ° and MP (13.33 ± 2.51)° were improved significantly compared to those of the control group [(2.58 ± 0.59) ° and (12.45 ± 3.31) °,respectively].Moreover,the average BBS,MAS and MWS improved significantly compared to the control group.Conclusions ICB orthopedic sole combined with rehabilitation training can improve the weight-bearing,balance and ambulation abilities of stroke survivors.

Thermogravimetry (TG), TG-MS, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM)-energy dispersive spectrometer(EDS) were adopted to investigate the pyrolysis characteristics of calamina. According to the findings of the qualitative and quantitative studies on the changes in the content of relevant elements, the whole shape, the functional groups, and the volatile components of calamina before and after being pyrolyzed, the 200-360, 580-750 degrees C were two sensitive temperature ranges related to the changes in effective component during calamina processing. Thermal weight loss was observed for ZnCO3, Zn(OH)2 and ZnCO3-2Zn(OH)2-H2O under 200-360 degrees C and for CaCO3 under 580-750 degrees C. The results of studies on chemical reaction kinetics showed good linear relations. This experiment integrated relevant methods and theories of physical chemistry and science of traditional Chinese medicine processing, and interpretes calamina processing techniques and mechanism, in order to provide a good example for modem studies on other traditional Chinese medicine processing.
Drug Combinations ; Drug Compounding ; methods ; Ferric Compounds ; chemistry ; Kinetics ; Temperature ; Zinc Oxide ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo study the related proteins of apoptosis initiation induced by homoharringtonine (HHT) in HL-60 cells.

METHODSAfter establishment of an apoptosis initiation model induced by HHT in HL-60 cells, proteins of untreated and HHT treated HL-60 cells were extracted, and the two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2-DE) maps of the extracted proteins were established by using the immobilized pH gradient (IPG) two-dimensional electrophoresis respectively. The alteration protein spots were identified with assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) and database searching.

RESULTSProteomics analysis showed that proteins including MHC class I antigen, calbindin D-28K, chloride channel protein 6, oncoprotein 18, zinc finger protein Helios and apoptosis inhibitor like protein 2 were involved in apoptosis initiation induced by HHT.

CONCLUSIONThe present study might conduce to the researches of HL-60 cells carcinogenesis and pave the way to exploit drug precursor related to HHT and initiation of apoptosis in HL-60 cells.

Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Calbindins ; Chloride Channels ; analysis ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; analysis ; Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional ; methods ; HL-60 Cells ; Harringtonines ; pharmacology ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class I ; analysis ; Humans ; Ikaros Transcription Factor ; Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins ; Microtubule Proteins ; Phosphoproteins ; analysis ; Proteins ; analysis ; Proteome ; analysis ; S100 Calcium Binding Protein G ; analysis ; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization ; Stathmin ; Transcription Factors ; analysis

OBJECTIVETo establish a high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) amalgamated to double UV waves method for simultaneous determination of loganin and paeonol in Liuwei Dihuang pills.

METHODA HPLC method was developed. The separation was carried out on a Agilent Zorbax SB C18 column (5 microm, 4.6 mm x 250 mm). The mobile phase consisted of water (A) and acetonitrile (B) with linear linear gradient elution [0-8 min, (B) from 1% to 12%; 8-21 min, B keep 12%; 21-40 min, (B) from 12% to 90%; 40-50 min, B keep 90% for 10 min]. The detection was Photodiode Array with the detection wavelengths were at 236 nm and 274 nm. The column temperature being 30 degrees C and the flow rate was 1.0 mL min(-1). Extracting the chromatergraph from 274 nm and 236 nm, we amalgamated the two chromatographs by matlab programmed.

RESULTThe calibration curves of loganin and paeonol were linear in the ranges of 0.0362-1.09 microg (r =0. 9998) and 0.0450-1.35 microg (r =0.9998), respectively. The average recoveries of loganin and paeonol were 97.3% (RSD 1.4 %) and 103.0% (RSD 1.9%), respectively. Three different batches of Liuwei Dihuang pills were determined with this method.

CONCLUSIONThis is a more convenient, reasonable and credible quality control method for the traditional Chinese medicine.

Acetophenones ; chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Iridoids ; chemistry ; Reproducibility of Results ; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet

OBJECTIVETo investigate the processing mechanism of Zushima which was stir-fried with licorice.

METHODStudy of pyrolysis characteristics for extraction of Zushima effective part, petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol parts and the mixture of Zushima effective parts and licorice solid powder according to the proportion of 10: 1, 10: 2, 10: 3 was carried out in the thermogravimetric analyzer, the simulation of air (N2-O2 4:1) was chosen as carrier gas and heating rate was 5 degrees C x min(-1).

RESULTCompared with TG-DTG curve of Zushima effective parts, the major weightloss temperature range of petroleum ether extraction which has strong stimulation was 320-390 degrees C, 0.69% x min(-1) weightlessness rate peak gradually moved forward with the addition of licorice powder, finally it was merged with the peak around 265 degrees C. In addition, effective department of Zushima at 291, 516 degrees C for 2.38% x min(-1) and 2.42% x min(-1) thermal weightlessness rate peak shift to lower temperature, the moving range were about 20-26, 19-50 degrees C, the former was significantly reduced, the latter was significantly increased.

CONCLUSIONIn the course of programmed temperature heating, petroleum ether department was easy to lose with the addition oflicorice solid powder. At the same time, the main efficacy components of Zushima had a slow loss rate, which supported the processing mechanisms of TG-DTG method to research traditional Chinese medicine, and verified irritating characteristics that stimulus reduced after stir-fried with licorice.

Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Glycyrrhiza ; chemistry ; Thermogravimetry ; methods

Volatile oil components and the contents and types of amino acid in spica of Prunella vulgaris were analysed by GC-MS and amino acid analyzer. Esters, fatty acids, aromatic hydrocarbon, ketone and several alcohol compounds were identified by mass spectrum comparison. In these ingredients, beta-ionone smelled aroma of cedar, raspberry, nerolidol showed weak sweet soft orange blossom flavor, neroli tasted sweet and fresh, nerolidol tasted sweet with light aroma of wood, hexadecanal showed a weak aroma of flowers and wax, alpha-sinensal had rich and fresh sweet orange flavor. To some extent, these types of aromatic substances can affect the taste of herbal tea or decoction made of Spica Prunellae. Among amino acids detected, natural amino acids accounted for a larger proportion, and those natural amino acids showed bitterness, slight bitterness, sourness (freshness), sweetness, slight sweetness, sourness (slight freshness). The results indicated that bitter and slightly bitter amino acids have the greatest impacts on the sense of Spica Prunellae.
Amino Acids ; analysis ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; Oils, Volatile ; analysis ; Prunella ; chemistry ; Taste

In order to characterize the molecular epidemiology of HFMD-associated Coxsackievirus A6 (CVA6) in Fujian Province, a total of 1340 specimens from non-EV71 non-CVA16 HFMD patients were collected during 2011-2013. Isolated virus strains were identified and subtyped. Full-length coding regions for the VP1 gene of the predominant serotype CVA6 isolates were amplified and sequenced. Among the 375 non-EV71 non-CVA16 HFMD cases confirmed by virus isolation and molecular subtyping, 182 (48.5%) were found to be caused by CVA6, accounting for 7.9%, 16.2% and 39.6% HFMD-associated enteroviruses in FujianProvince during 2011, 2012, and 2013, respectively. Compared with general features observed in the HFMD epidemic, no difference in CVA6-specificity or severity rates was observed between geographical origins, gender, or age groups. Nucleotide sequence analyses of VP1 genes revealed high diversity levels of 16.2%-18.6% among CVA6 strains from Fujian Province, in contrast to the prototype CVA6 strain, and showed low levels of diversity in the amino acid sequences (4.3%-6.2%). Phylogenetic analysis also indicated that CVA6 isolates from Fujian Province were distinct from the prototype strain and other isolates from abroad; however, it was homologous to domestic strains, although the Fujian isolates clustered into multiple branches. These results suggested that significant changes in the pathogenic spectrum of HFMD in Fujian Province occurred during 2011-2013, as CVA6 was one of the predominant serotypes of HFMD. CVA6 isolates from Fujian Province were co-circulating and co-evolving with other domestic strains as multiple closely related CVA6 transmission chains were observed in Fujian Province overall and within each prefecture.
Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Enterovirus A, Human ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Evolution, Molecular ; Female ; Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease ; epidemiology ; virology ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Molecular Epidemiology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny