Objective To explore the change of plasma orexin A concentration and the correlation between plasma orexin A concentration and energy intake in obese children.Methods Fasting plasma orexin A concentrations,boaly mass index(BMI) and energy intake were measured in 48 obese children(obese group) and 48 healthy children(healthy control group),and these indexes were compared,the correlation between plasma orexin A concentration and BMI,energy intake were analyzed.Results 1.The plasma orexin A concentration in obese group was significantly lower than that in healthy control group(F=5.632 P=0.008).2.In obsess group,there were negative correlation between plasma orexin A concentration and BMI(r=-0.478 P=0.012),positive correlation between plasma orexin A concentration and total energy intake(r=0.503 P=0.007),fat intake(r=0.659 P=0.006) and protein intake(r=0.381 P=0.026),and there was negative correlation between plasma orexin A concentration and carbohydrate(r=-0.316 P=0.022).3.In healthy control group,there were negative correlation between plasma orexin A concentration and BMI(r=-0.491 P=0.018),positive correlation between plasma orexin A concentration and total energy intake(r=0.512 P=0.009),fat intake(r=0.406 P=0.005),protein intake(r=0.313 P=0.020),and carbohydrate(r=0.432 P=0.025).Conclusions Orexin A may be involved in regulation of energy metabolism in obese children,and the interaction between plasma orexin A and energy intake might be different in different nutritional status in children.

OBJECTIVETo observe the efficacy and safety of Yigu capsule (YGC, a Chinese herbal compound preparation) in treating postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO) and to explore its possible mechanism.

METHODSThe clinical study was conducted adopting prospective, randomized, double blinded method for 6 months with placebo and positive controls. Two hundred and ten PMO patients with confirmed diagnosis were divided into the YGC group, the osteocalcin group and the placebo group, they were treated with YGC, osteocalcin capsule and placebo capsule, respectively. The symptoms, as new fracture and ostealgia, bone mineral density (BMD) of the 2nd to the 4th lumbar vertebrae (L24) and upper segment of femur, blood and urinary indexes for bone metabolism, sex hormone level and adverse reaction were observed.

RESULTSIn the YGC group, the total effective rate was 95.50%, no new fracture occurred, which was significantly better than that in the other two groups (P < 0.05). The increase of BMD was 9.83% in L2-4, 4.09% in femoral neck, 4.60% in Wards triangle, 3.00% in greater trochanter, which were better than those in the placebo group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). As compared with the placebo group, in the YGC group, levels of urinary oxyproline hydroxyproline/creatinine, urinary calcium/creatinine were lower, serum and bone alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, estradiol, and estradiol/testosterone were higher, but with no difference in level of testosterone. In the observation period, no abnormal findings in blood and urine routine examination as well as in liver and renal function were found. Mild, transient gastro-intestinal response occurred in individual patients but it didn't affect the treatment.

CONCLUSIONYGC could treat PMO effectively, it could obviously increase the BMD of lumbar vertebrae and hip, elevate the alleviating rate of ostealgia and incessant motion time, without new compressive fracture of vertebrae, and without any related adverse reaction. YGC could not only promote the formation, but also inhibit the absorption of bone, and increase the sex hormone level, therefore, it is a pure Chinese herbal compound preparation that worths further deep research and development.

Absorptiometry, Photon ; Bone Density ; Capsules ; Double-Blind Method ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Estradiol ; blood ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Phytotherapy ; Prospective Studies ; Testosterone ; blood

OBJECTIVETo research the application and clinical effect of titanium elastic nails (TEN) for the treatment of closed clavicular fracture in elder children.

METHODSFrom October 2010 to December 2012,16 elderly children with clavicular fracture of elder children were treated with internal fixation, including 9 boys and 7 girls with an average age of 14.2 yeats old ranging from 9 to 17 years. The mean time between injury and surgery was 2 to 6 days. Thirteen patients had a transverse fractures; 3 patients had a oblique fractures, excluding the long-oblique patients. Neer function score after 3 months follow-up and the shoulder activity degree after 3 weeks followed were compared respectively between the injured side and healthy side. Fracture reduction and healing were followed up by X-rays to analyze internal fixation with TEN technique.

RESULTSAll patients were healed well after surgery. There were 2 cases with soft tissue irritation. No cases of infection, TEN broken, delayed healing or skin bursting were observed. All patients were followed up for 3 to 10 months,with an average of 7.2 months. There were no significant differences (t=2.12, P>0.05) between the healthy side (98.75±2.70) and injured side(96.69±6.22)of Neer score at 3 months during followed up. The shoulder activity at 3 weeks during followed up was different between both sides (P<0.05). The intramedullary nail was removed after X-rays at 12-18 weeks during followed up showed good bone healing,and the shoulder function was recovered well.

CONCLUSIONInternal fixation with TEN for the treatment of clavicular fracture has advantages of a limited invasion, beauty, safety and reliability. This technique provides an ideal fixation option for the treatment of clavicular fracture in elder children.

Adolescent ; Bone Nails ; Child ; Clavicle ; injuries ; surgery ; Elasticity ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Fractures, Bone ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Titanium

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the diagnostic significance of basophil activation test (BAT) in anaphylaxis to non-ionic contrast media through testing the content of CD63, mast cell-carboxypeptidase A3 (MC-CPA3), and terminal complement complex SC5b-9 of the individuals by testing their levels in the normal immune group and the anaphylaxis groups to β-lactam drugs and non -ionic contrast media. METHODS: The CD63 expression of basophilic granulocyte in blood was detected by flow cytometry. The levels of MC-CPA3 in blood serum and SC5b-9 in blood plasma were detected by ELISA. RESULTS: The CD63 expression of basophilic granulocyte in blood, the levels of MC-CPA3 and SC5b-9 of anaphylaxis to non-ionic contrast media and β-lactam drugs were significantly higher than that in normal immune group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION There is activation of basophilic granulocytes, mast cells and complement system in anaphylaxis to non-ionic contrast media. BAT can be used to diagnose the anaphylaxis to non-ionic contrast media.
Anaphylaxis/diagnosis* ; Basophils/cytology* ; Carboxypeptidases A/metabolism* ; Complement Membrane Attack Complex/metabolism* ; Contrast Media ; Flow Cytometry ; Granulocytes/cytology* ; Humans ; Mast Cells/cytology* ; Tetraspanin 30/metabolism*

Objective To analyze the efficacy of adefovir dipivoxil combined with bieyclol in treatment of HBeAg-positive chronic viral hepatitis B (CHB). Methods A total ofgl patients with CHB were randomized into experimental group and control group to be treated. The patients in experimental group (46 samples) received adefovir dipivoxil orally 10 nag daily and bieyclol orally 150 mg daily for 48 weeks and those in control group (45 samples) received adefovir dipivoxil orally 10 mg daily alone for 48 weeks. The serum aminotransferace (ALT/ AST), HBV-DNA, HBeAg/antiHBe were observed before and after treatment. Results Compared with pre-treatment, the serum aminotransferace were all decreased obviously in two groups, the experimental group is better (P <0.05). HBVDNA negative conversion rate was significantly higher in experimental group than in the control group(47.8% vs. 31.1%, P < 0.05). There were nostatistically differrence between the two groups in the portion of HBeAg loss rate and HBeAg seroeonversion rate. There were no obvious adverse reaction in the study. Conclusion Adefovir dipivoxil combined with bicyclol is efective in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B.

Adult ; Aged ; Early Diagnosis ; Female ; Fractures, Ununited ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tomography, Spiral Computed ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the incidence of JAK2V617F gene point mutation in patients with myeloproliferatives diseases (MPD) and its clinical significance.

METHODSGenomic DNA from bone marrow and peripheral blood cells were extracted from 68 patients with MPD. Allele specific polymerase chain reaction was used to amplify the exon 12 of JAK2 gene which harbours V617F mutation. The PCR products were identified by DNA sequencing. JAK2V617F gene point mutation and its impact on peripheral blood cells were analyzed.

RESULTSThe incidence of JAK2V617F mutation in 68 patients with MPD was 65.28 %. The positive rate of JAK2V617F point mutation was 77.77 % in patients with PV (36/59), 56.52 % in patients with ET (23/59) and 44.44 % in patients with IMF (4/9). In all groups, the incidence of JAK2V617F point mutation in bone marrow and peripheral blood were equal. Patients with JAK2V617F mutation in PV group had higher counts of white blood cell and hemoglobin in peripheral blood than patients without JAK2V617F point mutation (P <0.05). Patients with JAK2V617F mutation in ET group had higher counts of white blood cell than those without JAK2V617F mutation (P <0.05); there was no significant difference in platelet count.

CONCLUSIONJAK2V617F point mutation can affect the hematologic features, which may be of diagnostic value for MDP with negative BCR-ABL gene.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Amino Acid Substitution ; Base Sequence ; Female ; Humans ; Janus Kinase 2 ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Myeloproliferative Disorders ; enzymology ; genetics ; Point Mutation ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo explore biological exposure markers, we investigated the chromium content in peripheral erythrocytes from occupational population with broad ranges of soluble chromate exposure, as the candidate biomarker may provide the scientific evidence for health risk assessment in occupational chromate-exposed population.

METHODSA cross-sectional study was conducted in chromate exposed workers employed at a chromate factory in a district of Jinan city, Shandong Province. The studied population contained 114 workers from different processes of the chromate plants, which included 74 males and 40 females, with an age range from 25 to 52 years old, averaging at (35.83 +/- 6.14) years old; the length of service was ranging from 1 year to 37 years, an average of (14.20 +/- 6.77) years. In addition, 30 farmers in the countryside one hundred kilometers away from the factory, without exposure to chromate matched with exposed subjects by age, gender and smoking status were identified as a control group, which included 22 men and 8 women, with age ranging from 25 years old to 47 years old, having an average age of (36.13 +/- 6.17) years old. Personal information on age, chromate exposure, medical history, smoking habit and alcohol consumption was obtained at an interview. The air concentration of personal exposure was determined by individual sampling for 8 hours per day as shift work, and chromium was assayed by atomic absorption spectrometry. The chromium content in the erythrocytes from peripheral blood was determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. The potential plasma reduction capacity was determined by dibenzene anthracoamid dihydrazide spectrophotometry. The content of total vitamin C and reductive ascorbic acid were determined by 2, 4-dinitrobenzene hydrazine. The data were analyzed by SPSS10.0 software for statistical significance.

RESULTS(1) The results showed that the chromium levels in erythrocytes in the exposed group [(15.79 +/- 31.01) microg/L] were significantly higher than those in the control group [(3.21 +/- 2.20) microg/L] (P < 0.01). (2) There existed a dose-response relationship between the personal airborne chromate concentration and the chromium content in erythrocytes. As airborne chromate concentration lowered to 106.00 microg/m(3), the chromium content in erythrocytes increased, depending on the air concentration of chromate. (3) Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between airborne chromate concentration and the chromium content in erythrocytes (P < 0.01). (4) In multiple regression analysis, it was found that the potential plasma reduction capacity and reductive ascorbic acid may be a good indicator for oxidative stress produced by chromate exposure and be used to evaluate the effects on intracellular uptake of chromium (VI).

CONCLUSIONOur findings suggested that the chromium content in erythrocytes should be used as an effective exposed biomarker in the risk assessment for occupational chromate-exposure.

Adult ; Air Pollutants, Occupational ; analysis ; Biomarkers ; blood ; Chromates ; analysis ; Chromium ; blood ; Erythrocytes ; chemistry ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Exposure ; analysis

OBJECTIVETo study the relaxant effect of ethanol on the isolated rabbit corpus cavernosum and its possible mechanism.

METHODSThe tension of isolated smooth muscle strips was recorded by the platform physiological graphed, and the concentrations of cAMP and cGMP in the rabbit corpus cavernosum were measured by 125I radioimmunoassay.

RESULTSThe 1.25% (V/V) ethanol significantly augmented the corporal relaxation induced by isoprenaline (10(-9) - 10(-5) mol/L). Ethanol-induced relaxation was inhibited by 100 micromol/L and 300 micromol/L SQ22536 (an adenylate cyclase inhibitor). Emax was depressed from (105.12 +/- 3.39) % to (97.00 +/- 2.57) % in the presence of 100 micromol/L SQ22536 or (91.09 +/- 2.42) % in the presence of 300 micromol/L SQ22536. EC50 was increased from (1.18 +/- 0.09)% (V/V) to (1.36 +/- 0.10) % in the presence of 100 micromol/L SQ22536 (P < 0.05) or (1.68 +/- 0.13) % (in the presence of 300 micromol/L SQ22536) (P < 0.05) respectively. Ethanol significantly elevated the level of cAMP but not that of cGMP in the isolated rabbit corpus cavernosum, and it also significantly enhanced the activity of the adenylate cyclase (AC) extracted from the rabbit corpus cavernosum in a dose-dependent manner.

CONCLUSIONEthanol has a relaxant effect on the isolated rabbit corpus cavernosum, which may be associated with the cAMP signaling pathway.

Animals ; Central Nervous System Depressants ; pharmacology ; Cyclic AMP ; metabolism ; Ethanol ; pharmacology ; In Vitro Techniques ; Male ; Muscle Relaxation ; drug effects ; Penile Erection ; drug effects ; physiology ; Penis ; drug effects ; physiology ; Rabbits ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects

A series of new coumarin-based benzotriazole derivatives were successfully synthesized via a multi-step sequence of cyclization, etherification and N-alkylation, and were confirmed by 1H NMR, IR, MS spectra as well as elemental analyses. All these synthesized coumarin compounds were evaluated for in vitro antimicrobial activities against four Gram-positive bacteria, four Gram-negative bacteria and three fungi by two fold serial dilution technique. The bioactive assay showed that all these prepared coumarin benzotriazoles could inhibit the growth of the tested bacterial and fungal strains. Title compounds 11a-11e and 13a-13c were more active than chloromycin on Proteus vulgaris ATCC 6896. Coumarin benzotriazoles 11a and 11b displayed comparable antibacterial efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Micrococcus luteus ATCC 4698 in comparison with reference drug chloromycin. Compared to fluconazole, compounds 11a-11d displayed stronger inhibition on Aspergillus fumigatus ATCC 96918. Moreover, coumarin-based benzotriazoles in combination with antibacterial chloromycin or antifungal fluconazole, showed notable antimicrobial efficacy with less dosage and broader antimicrobial spectrum. More importantly, fluconazole-insensitive A. fumigatus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus N 315 (MRSA) were sensitive to these combined drugs.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Antifungal Agents ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Aspergillus fumigatus ; drug effects ; Chloramphenicol ; pharmacology ; Coumarins ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Drug Synergism ; Fluconazole ; pharmacology ; Fungi ; drug effects ; Gram-Negative Bacteria ; drug effects ; Gram-Positive Bacteria ; drug effects ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ; drug effects ; Staphylococcus aureus ; drug effects ; Triazoles ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology