Bardet-Biedl Syndrome ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Child ; Female ; Humans

Animals ; Apoptosis ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit ; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain ; genetics ; pathology ; Neurons ; cytology ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; analysis ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Transcription Factors ; genetics

· AlM: To study the effect of bone mesenchymal stem cells ( BMSCs ) and chondroitinaseABC ( ChABC ) on photoreceptor apoptosis in the retina of sodium iodate-induced rats.
·METHODS:Forty Sprague Dawley rats ( SD rats) were intraperitoneally injected with NalO3 (30g/L, 100mg/kg) to establish the retinal degeneration models ( postnatal 28d).These rats were devided into 4 groups.Group A was not injected, group B was injected with BMSCs, group C was injected with BMSCs and ChABC, and group D was injected with phosphate buffer saline ( PBS).After 28d, subretinal injection were applied. Hematoxyln - eosinstaining ( HE ) , tunel and immunohistochemistry were performed at 21d after subretinal injection.
· RESULTS: Photoreceptor number and photoreceptor apoptosis rate of B and C groups were more than those of A and D groups, and there was significant difference statistically ( P <0.05 ) . Photoreceptor number and photoreceptor apoptosis rate of group B were compared with those of group C, and there was no statistical significance between B and C groups ( P>0.05 ) .Glial fibrillary acidic protein ( GFAP) was expressed by BMSCs after intraocular injection.
· CONCLUSlON: BMSCs and ChABC injected into subretinal space may alleviate photoreceptor apoptosis so as to protect retinal photoreceptor cells in degenerated rats.

Calcitonin ; metabolism ; Carcinoma, Medullary ; metabolism ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; metabolism ; pathology ; Chromogranin A ; metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; metabolism ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasms, Multiple Primary ; metabolism ; pathology ; Synaptophysin ; metabolism ; Thyroglobulin ; metabolism ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Transcription Factors

OBJECTIVETo study on the drug release characteristics and mechanism of gastrodin ion-activated nasal in situ gel in vitro.

METHODRegularity and mechanism of the drug release of gastrodin nasal in situ gel were studied by using the diffusion cell model and the membrane-less dissolution model, respectively. A novel kinesis diffusion cell model was designed according to the characteristics of release environment of nasal cavity. It was used to investigate the effect of adhesiveness on the release of the in situ gel.

RESULTDrug release of gastrodin nasal in situ gel followed the one order release model. Erosion rate of the gel was low and not linearly correlated with the release rate. Compared with gastrodin solution, the nasal in situ gel could increase release time and release amount.

CONCLUSIONGastrodin in the nasal in situ gel is released mainly by diffusion rather than erosion. Release amount of the in situ gel in nasal cavity may be obviously increased because of its adhesiveness.

Adhesiveness ; Benzyl Alcohols ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Calibration ; Diffusion ; Gels ; Glucosides ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Kinetics ; Models, Chemical ; Nose ; metabolism ; Solubility

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Brain ; metabolism ; pathology ; Caspase 3 ; Caspases ; metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; genetics ; Gene Expression ; Hypoxia, Brain ; genetics ; physiopathology ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit ; Immunohistochemistry ; Ischemic Preconditioning ; Nuclear Proteins ; genetics ; RNA ; genetics ; metabolism ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Transcription Factors

AIMIn order to explore the mechanism of central motilin-induced feeding behavior, the effects of erythromycin, a motilin receptor agonist, on glucose responsive neurons in hypothalamus were observed.

METHODSExtracellular recordings were made from single neurons in region of lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) and ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (VMH) in anesthetized rats. On the basis of their responsiveness to intracarotid injection of 0.58 mol/L glucose solution 0.2 ml, glucose-sensitive neurons (GSNs) in LHA and glucoreceptor neurons (GRNs) in VMH were recognized. Effects of intracerebroventricularly (i. c. v.) administration of 4 microg erythromycin on neural activities of glucose responsive neurons and non-glucose responsive neurons were examined. The mixture of EM and GM-109 1 microl were used to GSNs and GRNs which were sensitive to i. c. v. administration of EM.

RESULTSIn LHA, EM increased activity of GSNs significantly (P < 0.05 vs non-glucose-sensitive neurons group). Whereas in VMH, EM significantly decreased the activities of GRNs (P < 0.01 vs non-glucoreceptor neurons group). The mixture of EM and GM-109 had no effect on GSNs and GRNs.

CONCLUSIONEM, a motilin receptor agonist, can stimulate GSNs in LHA and suppress GRNs in VMH and this may contribute to central motilin's effect on feeding behavior.

Animals ; Erythromycin ; pharmacology ; Hypothalamus ; cytology ; Neurons ; cytology ; drug effects ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Receptors, Cell Surface ; metabolism ; Receptors, Gastrointestinal Hormone ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Receptors, Neuropeptide ; antagonists & inhibitors

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Electroencephalography ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Seizures ; classification ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; Video Recording

mutants which didnt produce red pigmen ts on malt extract agar plate were obtained.The 8 stable mutants were cultured on solid medium.Two samples wer e yellow,the others were white.The extracted samples were scanned in visible len gth.2 yellow samples showed only one absorptive peak at 370nm,the 6 white sample s showed no absorptive peak.The mutants producing only yellow pigments on solid medium were tested in liquid culture.The results indicated their ability to pro duce only yellow pigments were stable.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of the total saponin of Panax ginseng (TSPG) on gene expression profile of K562 cells using microarray technique.

METHODSThe total RNA were extracted and purified from K562 cells treated by 200 microg/ml TSPG for 3 days, and untreated K562 cells cultured in parallel served as the control. cRNAs were synthesized and labeled with Cy3 and Cy5 respectively. The labeled cRNA fragments were hybridized with Agilent human 1B 60 mer oligonucleotide microarray, which was then scanned to reveal the changes of gene expression profile in relation to TSPG treatment.

RESULTSTotally 362 differentially expressed genes were identified in TSPG-treated K562 cells, including 20 up-regulated ones (consisting of metabolism-associated genes, signal transduction-associated genes and cell receptor-associated genes etc) and 342 down-regulated ones (consisting of immunity and defense-associated genes, DNA-binding and transcription genes, metabolism-associated genes and cell cycle-associated genes etc). Changes in expressions of FOSL1, E2F2, CCNE2 and ODZ1 were confirmed by semi-quantitative RT-PCR.

CONCLUSIONSTSPG may induce changes in the gene expression profile in k562 cells possibly relevant to the anti-tumor mechanism of TSPG.

Gene Expression Profiling ; Humans ; K562 Cells ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Panax ; chemistry ; Saponins ; pharmacology