Background and Objective:Lung adenocarcinoma is,at present,the most common malignancy in the world and its overall 5-year survival rate is disappointing.Because most of the patients are diagnosed at advanced stage,early diagnosis may improve the prognosis of patients with lung adenocarcinoma.Surface-Enhanced Laser Desorption and Ionization Mass Spectrometry(SELDI) is one of the currently used techniques to identify biomarkers for cancers.This study explored the application of serum SELDI proteomic patterns to distinguish lung adenocarcinoma patients from healthy individuals.Methods:Serum samples from 71 lung adenocarcinoma patients,71 healthy volunteers with matched gender,age and history of smoking were analyzed using WCX2 ProteinChip to select potential biomarkers.Proteomic spectra were generated by mass spectrometry.Results:Five highly expressed potential biomarkers were identified with the relative molecular weights of 4047.79?1.60,4203.99?1.91,4959.81?2.13,5329.30?2.55 and 7760.12?4.11.The sensitivity for diagnosing lung adenocarcinoma was 90.14%,78.87%,50.70%,57.75%,73.24%;and specificity was 97.18%,92.96%,70.42%,76.06%,94.37%,when the critical point was made 1.5.Conclusions:SELDI-TOF-MS ProteinChip technology is a quick,easy,convenient,and highoutput analyzing method that it is capable of selecting several relatively specific,potential biomarkers from the serum of lung adenocarcinoma patients and may have clinic value.

Genuine medicinal materials with special characteristics of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), is recognized as high quality medicine. Both ancient records and modern research considered that the origin is an important reason for the formation of genuine medicinal materials. However, blindly transplanting of genuine medicinal materials has led to the quality decline and counterfeit medicines appeared in production or sale progress, which may increase the risk of accidents in TCM. Frequent accidents emerged in Chinese herbal affects its export. What's more, it is a great threat to the medication safety in TCM clinical. There is an urgent need to implement traceability systems of TCM, which could provide convenient information record and traceability of TCM circulation. This paper reviews a variety of technical methods for genuine medicinal materials traceability, and proposed the establishment of genuine medicinal materials traceability system based on two-dimensional code and network database.
Databases, Factual ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; economics ; standards ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional

Artemisnin is a novel sesquiterpene lactone with an internal peroxide bridge structure, which is extracted from traditional Chinese herb Artemisia annua L. (Qinghao). Recommended by World Health Organization, artemisinin is the first-line drug in the treatment of encephalic and chloroquine-resistant malaria. In the present study, transgenic A. annua plants were developed by overexpressing the key enzymes involved in the biosynthetic pathway of artemisinin. Based on Agrobacterium-mediated transformation methods, transgenic plants of A. annua with overexpression of both HDR and ADS were obtained through hygromycin screening. The genomic PCR analysis confirmed six transgenic lines in which both HDR and ADS were integrated into genome. The gene expression analysis given by real-time quantitative PCR showed that all the transgenic lines had higher expression levels of HDR and ADS than the non-transgenic control (except ah3 in which the expression level of ADS showed no significant difference compared with control); and the HPLC analysis of artemisinin demonstrated that transgenic A. annua plants produced artemisinin at significantly higher level than non-transgenic plants. Especially, the highest content of artemisinin was found in transgenic line ah70, in which the artemisinin content was 3.48 times compared with that in non-transgenic lines. In summary, overexpression of HDR and ADS facilitated artemisinin biosynthesis and this method could be applied to develop transgenic plants of A. annua with higher yield of artemisinin.
Artemisia annua ; genetics ; metabolism ; Artemisinins ; metabolism ; Biosynthetic Pathways ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Mixed Function Oxygenases ; genetics ; Oxidoreductases ; genetics ; Plant Proteins ; genetics ; Plants, Genetically Modified ; genetics ; metabolism ; Plants, Medicinal ; genetics ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy of semiconductor low level laser irradiation for the treatment of postoperative exposure of hydroxyapatite orbital implants.

METHODS22 cases with postoperative exposure of hydroxyapatite orbital implants were divided into three groups according to the size of implants exposure. The exposure wound in the 3 groups was irradated with semiconductor low level laser 5 min per day for 5-15 days. The follow-up period ranged from 2 to 24 months.

RESULTSIn the group with less then 3 mm of exposure, the wound healed in 1 week after 5-10 days irradiation; in the group with implant exposure of 4-7 mm, the would healed in 1-2 weeks after 10-15 days irradiation; in the group with implant exposure of 8-10 mm, the would healed in 2-3 weeks after 10-15 days irradiation. Compared with the treatments of drugs and/or surgical repair, which was used for another 20 cases of exposure of hydroxyapatite orbital implants, semiconductor low level laser increased healing rate obviously in the groups with implant exposure of 4-7 mm and 8-10 mm (P = 0.019, 0.018).

CONCLUSIONSemiconductor low level laser has better effects than drugs and/or surgical repair for exposure of hydroxyapatite orbital implants.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Durapatite ; therapeutic use ; Eye ; pathology ; radiation effects ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Low-Level Light Therapy ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Orbital Implants ; adverse effects ; Postoperative Complications ; etiology ; radiotherapy ; Semiconductors ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To evaluate the effect of PTH gene polymorphisms on bone mineral density (BMD) at multiple skeletal sites in normal females.Methods PTH gene phenotype was determined by PCR-RFLP of restriction enzyme Bst BⅠin 596 females aged (46.3?13.7) years (20-80 years),and PCR products with or without enzymolytic site were considered as genotype B or genotype b respectively.BMDs of the anteropesterior spine (AP) and supine lateral spine (Lat) of lumbar vertebrae (L_1-L_4),femoral neck (FN),total hip (T-hip), Ward's triangle (Ward),Trochanter (Troch),forearm [radius+ulna ultradistal (RUUD) and total area of radius + ulna (RUT) ] were measured by DEXA (QDR4500A).Results (1) Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was evident for PTH polymorphisms.The frequencies of genotype were BB 0.784,Bb 0.208,bb 0.008 and frequencies of alleles B,b were 0.888 and 0.112 respectively in 596 normal females.Frequencies of BB,Bb,bb genotypes were 0.781,0.210,and 0.009 respectively in 347 postmenopausal women and their frequencies of alleles B,b were 0.886,0.114.No significant difference was found between post- and premenopausal women in genotype frequen- cy.(2) Comparing their BMDs of AP,Lat,FN,T-hip,Ward,Troch,RUUD and RUT,there was no significant difference between BB and Bb genotypes of pre- and postmenopansal women groups.(3) Logistic regression analysis failed to show any statistical difference between normal and osteoporosis women with regard to PTH phenotype.Conclusion PTH gene polymorphism has little effect on BMD in normal females.

Objective:To describe the epidemiological characteristics of mental disorders in Ximeng Wa Au-tonomous County and explore psychosocial risk factors of mental disorders. Methods:Two thousand three hundred and eighty one residents aged 1 8 years and over were sampled using multistage sampling in Ximeng Wa Autono-mous County in 2013. All respondents were investigated by face-to-face interview. Mental disorders were screened out by using the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ)and diagnosed according to the International Classification of Diseases Checklist (ICD-10-Checklist)criteria. Results:Life time prevalence of any mental disorder was 19. 86%(419/2110). The lifetime prevalence rates of substance use disorder,anxiety disorder,insomnia,mood disorder, schizophrenia were 12. 99%(274/2110),6. 30%(133/2110),2. 94%(62/2110),2. 32%(49/2110)and 1. 00%(21/2110)respectively. Male (OR=0. 43),older age (35 -49 years,OR=1. 78;50 -64 years,OR=2. 59;≥65 years,OR=3. 5 1 ),unmarried and other marital status (OR=0. 3 1 ),non-Wa and non-Lahu ethnic groups (OR=0. 29)were associated with neurotic,stress-related and somatoform disorders. Male (OR=2. 41),older age (35 -49 years,OR=2. 29;50-64 years,OR=3. 20;≥65 years,OR=4. 58),non-farmer and non-self-employed occupation (OR=0. 41),and non-Wa and non-Lahu ethnic groups (OR=0. 32)were associated with psychoactive substance use disorder. Male (OR =0. 35 ) and order age (≥65 years,OR =3. 05 ) were associated with mood disorders. Conclusion:Lifetime prevalence of any mental disorder,substance use disorders and anxiety disorders are high in Ximeng Wa Autonomous County. Measures should be strengthened against prevalence of mental disorders in ethnic minority areas.

OBJECTIVEExposure to high concentrations of oxygen in the neonatal period may impair lung growth and is a major contributing factor to the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Cell death from hyperoxic injury may occur through either an apoptotic or nonapoptotic pathway. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of hyperoxia on caspase-3 and p53 gene expression and apoptosis in the lungs of neonatal rats, so as to determine the type of cell death that occurs in the lungs of neonatal rats exposed to hyperoxia.

METHODSHyperoxic lung injury model was established by exposing to 95% O(2) in the neonatal period of Spraque-Dawley rats. The levels of caspase-3 mRNA and p53 mRNA expression in the lungs of neonatal rats exposed to 95% hyperoxia or room air were detected by RT-PCR. To quantify PCR products, PCR products were electrophoretically separated with 1.5% agarose gels. The optical density (A) values of the DNA bands were quantified by complete gel documentation and analysis system. The A ratios of p53/beta-actin denoted the relative content of p53 mRNA, results were showed as mean +/- standard deviation. The specific positive or negative bands of caspase-3 in electrophoresis gels were counted, Fisher's exact test of propabilities was used to determined statistically significant differences between two groups. We determined the extent of apoptosis taking place in the lungs of neonatal rats exposed to 95% hyperoxia using terminal deoxyribonucleotide transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate-fluorescence nick-end labeling (TUNEL) in 7-d-old neonatal lung. Under light microscope, five areas of lung parenchyma were systematically and randomly photographed from each animal and positive cells among 500 lung cells were calculated. Results were showed as mean +/- standard deviation.

RESULTSWe found increased levels of p53 messenger RNA, a gene associated with apoptosis, in the lungs of neonatal rat born and raised in 95% hyperoxia. Moderate increase in the level of p53 mRNA was found in the hyperoxic-treated group at 24 h (q = 3.2305, P > 0.05). Significant increase in the level of p53 mRNA was found in the hyperoxic-treated group at 48 h (q = 7.2941, P < 0.01). The levels of p53 mRNA expression in neonatal rat lungs exposed to 95% O(2) for 72 h or 96 h returned to normal level. The levels of caspase-3 mRNA expression were very low or absent in the hyperoxic-treated groups at 12 h, 24 h, 48 h, 72 h and 96 h or in the air-breathing groups at 12 h, 24 h, 48 h, 72 h and 96 h. An increase in the number of cells undergoing apoptosis was found in the hyperoxic-treated group at 7 d (F = 56.5010, P < 0.001) which was significantly greater than the number of apoptotic cells found in the lungs of rats of the same age exposed to room air.

CONCLUSIONOur results suggested that 95% hyperoxia could temporarily up-regulate the gene expression of p53, which induced the transcription of p21(WAF/CIP1) mRNA. Furthermore, p21(WAF/CIP1) could lead to cell cycle arrest and inhibit proliferation of lung cells. Meanwhile, p53 could also promote apoptosis of lung cells. Therefore, exposure to high concentrations of oxygen in the neonatal period may impair lung growth and is a major contributing factor to the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), and hyperoxia may affect the future lung growth and lead to barrier of lung development. The treatments of anti-apoptosis and promoting alveoli growth hold a promising perspective in hyperoxic lung injury. The level and ratio of caspase-3 gene expression were very low or absent in the lungs of neonatal rats exposed to 95% O(2) or room air. We speculated that caspase-3 gene expression was not essential in the hyperoxia induced lung cell apoptosis in neonatal rats.

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Apoptosis ; Caspase 3 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Hyperoxia ; metabolism ; pathology ; In Situ Nick-End Labeling ; Lung ; metabolism ; pathology ; RNA, Messenger ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective To improve the qualified rate of cleaning of loaner orthopedic surgery instruments by application of quality control circle(QCC).Methods QCC activity was carried out in a hospital from May to October 2016, on-site assessment of cleaning quality was performed by two circle members, causes of unqualified cleaning result of loaner orthopedic surgery instruments were recorded, the qualified result of loaner orthopedic surgery instruments before QCC activity(May-June 2016)and after QCC activity(September-October 2016)was compared. Results Before QCC activity, there were 1 667 packages of loaner instruments, 1 415 were qualified for cleaning, qualified rate was 84.88％;after activity, there were 1 673 packages of loaner instruments, 1 655 were qualified for cleaning, qualified rate was 98.92％, difference was statistically significant between two groups(P＜0.01), qualified rate increased to 14.04％, target achievement rate was 116％.Conclusion Application of the scientific tool of QCC can improve the qualified rate of cleaning of loaner orthopedic surgery instruments.

Objective To observe apelin and its receptor (APJ) expressions in human osteoblasts and evaluate the effect of apelin on osteoblasts.Methods The expressions of apelin and APJ in human osteoblasts were tested by RT-PCR and Western blot.After human osteoblasts were treated with apelin,cell proliferation was measured by [~3H] thymidine incorporation and cell counting.Cell function was measured by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity,the secreted osteocalcin level and typeⅠcollagen production .The activation of signaling cascades was tested by Western blot.Small-interfering RNA (siRNA) to blockade APJ was applied to observe effects of apelin on cell proliferation and the activation of signaling cascades.Results Both apelin and APJ were expressed in human osteoblasts.Apelin increased the proliferation and did not show the influences on ALP activity, osteocalcin secretion and type I collagen production in human osteoblasts.Apelin induced activation of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) downstream effector (Akt),but not mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) such as c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK),p38 and ERK1/2 in human osteoblasts.Suppression of APJ with siRNA or LY294002 (PI3K inhibitor) abolished the apelin-induced cell proliferation and the activation of Akt.Conclusion Human osteoblasts express apelin and APJ.Apelin stimulates the proliferation of human osteoblast via APJ/PI3K/Akt pathway,but has no effect on osteoblast differentiation.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) in the early phase on the atherosclerosis and the level of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1(PAI-1). METHODS: Twenty-eight rabbits were randomly assigned to 4 groups: Group A, sham operation (n=7); Group B, ovariectomized without estradiol (n=7); Group C, ovariectomized with low-dose estradiol (n=7); and Group D, ovariectomized with high-dose estradiol (n=7). All rabbits were given 1% cholesterol diet for 12 weeks. Levels of blood lipid, estradiol, and PAI-1 were measured before the operation and at the end of the 4th and 12th weeks. Twelve weeks later, we took the aortas for pathological analysis and calculated the areas of atherosclerotic plaque. RESULTS: After 12 weeks, the estradiol level of Group B was significantly lower than that of Group A, and that of Group D was obviously higher than Group A. There was no significant difference between Group C and A. The concentrations of total cholesterol (TC) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in Group B significantly increased compared with Group A (P<0.01). The levels of TC and LDL-C of Group C and D were significantly lower than those of Group A. Whereas the concentrations of triglyceride (TG) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in Group B were lower than those of Groups A, C and D (P<0.01). In contrast to Groups A, C and D, the level of PAI-1 was significantly higher in the Group B (P<0.01), without significant differences among Groups A, C and D. The area of atherosclerotic lesion of aorta in Group B was significantly bigger than that of Group A, C and D. The areas of aortic atherosclerotic plaque in Group C and D were obviously smaller than those of Group A (P<0.01). CONCLUSION Transdermal estrogen replacement therapy in the early phase can improve the metabolism of the serum lipids, reduce the level of PAI-1, and probably provide the protective effect on the atheroma formation.
Administration, Cutaneous ; Animals ; Atherosclerosis ; blood ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Cholesterol ; blood ; Estradiol ; administration & dosage ; Estrogen Replacement Therapy ; Female ; Ovariectomy ; Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 ; blood ; Rabbits ; Triglycerides ; blood