Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Leiomyosarcoma ; pathology ; Parotid Gland ; pathology ; Parotid Neoplasms ; pathology ; Retrospective Studies

The data of 10 cases of traumatic extra-articular ankylosis of temporomandibular joint(TMJ),including the type of trauma and the type of ankylosis,pathology,treatment method,prognosis,and so on were collected and analyzed.A reference of diagnosis and treatment is provided.

Objective To explore the prevalence and risk factors of stroke in a population over 40 years in a community in Shenzhen, China. Methods The subjects investigated were a population ≥40 years old in this cross-sectional study. Cluster sampling method was used to conduct the unified questionnaires, physical examination, and laboratory examination in the community residents, and then the survey data were used for online entry analysis. Results A total of 5 308 community residents were screened, and 160 experienced stroke. The crude prevalence of stroke was 3 014. 32/100 000. The prevalence of stroke increased with age, and that in males was significantly higher than that in females (3 721. 37/100 000 vs. 2 552. 93/100 000; χ2 = 5. 923, P = 0. 015). There were significant differences in the proportions of males, obvious overweight, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, atrial fibrillation, lack of physical activity, and family history of stroke, as well as age, systolic blood pressure, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and fasting glucose level between the stroke population and the non-stroke population (all P < 0. 05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that hypertension (odds ratio [OR] 1. 737, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1. 161-2. 600; P = 0. 007), diabetes (OR 1. 917, 95% CI 1. 209-3. 040; P = 0. 006), atrial fibrillation (OR 1. 699, 95% CI 1. 113-2. 592; P = 0. 014), family history of stroke (OR 1. 585, 95% CI 1. 126-2. 231; P = 0. 008), advanced age (OR 4. 645, 95% CI 1. 868-11. 551; P = 0. 001), and physical inactivity (OR 4. 921, 95% CI 3. 552-6. 187; P < 0. 001) were the independent risk factors for stroke, and lack of physical activity was an independent protective factor for stroke. The proportion of smoking in males was more than that in females in all ages(all P < 0. 05). The proportions of hypertension (P < 0. 001) and hyperlipidemia (P < 0. 001) were gradually increased with age, and physical exercise was gradually reduced with age (P = 0. 001, except for subjects > 80 years) in both males and females. The proportions of diabetes (P < 0. 001) and atrial fibrillation (P < 0. 001) in males, and obvious overweight (P = 0. 001) in females were gradually increased with age, and the proportion of smoking in males weas gradually reduced with age. The proportions of hypertension (P < 0. 001) and obvious overweight (P < 0. 001) in males were significantly higher than those in females at the age of 40 to 49 years. The proportions of hypertension (P < 0. 001), diabetes (P < 0. 001) and obvious overweight (P < 0. 001) in males were significantly higher than those in females at the age of 50 to 59 years. The proportion of hypertension in males was significantly higher than that in females at the age of 60 to 69 years (P = 0. 039). The proportions of hypertension (P = 0. 016), atrial fibrillation (P = 0. 028) and hyperlipidemia (P = 0. 023) in females were significantly higher than those in males at the age of 70 to 79 years. The proportion of obvious overweight in females was significantly higher than that in males at the age of ≥80 years (P =0. 001). Conclusions The crude prevalence of stroke is higher among the community residents. The the levels of exposure to stroke risk factors including hypertension, diabetes and atrial fibrillation are higher. It may be important to intervene on these risk factors in community residents, especially in elders and those with family history of stroke.

A in vitro platelet aggregation bioassay was developed for the quality control of XST capsules. The in vitro anti-platelet aggregation effect in rats was observed to detect the bioactivity of XST capsules. Panax notoginseng saponins and Xuesaitong lyophilizedpowder for injection were taken as standard control substances to determine the potency. According to the results, XST capsules showeda significant inhibitory effect on thrombin-induced platelet aggregation in a dose-dependent manner. The in vitro anti-platelet activity oflyophilized powder for injection was stabler than that of Panax notoginseng saponins, and so suitable to serve as a standard control substance. The biological potency of XST capsules compared with standard control substance was detected by using parallel line assay. According to the results, the established bioassay method had a good repeatability (RSD 2.92%). The sample test results could pass thereliability test(linear deviation P > 0.05, parallel deviation P > 0.05). This bioassay method could be used as one of the complementary quality control methods for XST capsules.
Animals ; Capsules ; pharmacology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Male ; Panax notoginseng ; chemistry ; Platelet Aggregation ; drug effects ; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Saponins ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo study the properties of orthodontic rectangular arch wires in torsion.

METHODSBy using the torsion measurement apparatus, torsion moments and angles of four kinds of orthodontic wires (0.46 mm x 0.63 mm and 0.48 mm x 0.63 mm stainless steel wires, and the same size nickel-titanium wires) were tested respectively in a 0.56 mm-slot first maxillary incisor bracket. According to the torsion moments and angles, scatter graphs were drawn to fit the load-deflection curves of four kinds of wires and their linear equations were calculated. According to the equations, the torsion stiffness and the play angles of the wires at 20 N mm correspondingly were calculated.

RESULTSThe torsion stiffness of four kinds of wires were 4.909, 6.417, 1.325 and 1.363 N mn/degrees, the torsion angles of different wires were 19.14 degrees, 15.33 degrees, 36.83 degrees and 35.07 degrees at 20 N mm respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe torsion stiffness of stainless steel wires was bigger than that of the same cross-section dimensional nickel-titanium wires. The difference of torsion stiffness between two dimensional nickel-titanium wires is smaller, while the difference of torsion stiffness between two stainless steel wires is larger.

Incisor ; Nickel ; Orthodontic Wires ; Stainless Steel ; Titanium

Background Our previous study determined that expressions of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors (TIMPs)change in the conjuntival fibroblasts of conjunctivochalasis in vitro.To seek a suitable drug is very important in the prevention and treatment of conjunctivochalasis.Objective This study was to explore the effect of qijingmingmu soup on the expressions of MMPs and TIMPs in human conjunctival fibroblasts of conjunctivochalasis.Methods Twenty-four SD rats were randomized into two groups.Qijingmingmu soup was administration gastrically for consecutive 3 days,and normal saline solution was given in the same way in the control group.The blood was collected from aortaventralis and drug serum was prepared.Human conjunctival samples were obtained during the surgery of conjunctivochalasis relaxation and cultured in the DMEM containing 10％ fetal bovine serum,20％,15％,10％,5％ of drug serum and 8 ml/L epidermal growth factor(EGF) was added into the medium respectively.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to detect the expressions of MMP1,MMP3,TIMP1 and TIMP3in conjunctival fibroblasts.Results Cultured cells grew well with the fusiform shape and showed the positive response for vimentin.The expression value of MMP1 (A value)in the cells was declined after administration of qijingmingmu soup.A significant difference was found in the expression of MMP1 among the control group,20％,15％,10％,5％ drug serum groups and EGF group(F=466.664,P＜0.05),and that in the 10％ ([9.92±0.14] mg/L) and 20％ ([11.87 ±0.11] mg/L) drug serum groups was significantly lowed in comparison with the control group([16.31±0.10] mg/L)(t=99.974,87.394,P＜0.05).The expression value of the MMP3in the cells in the various drug serum groups,EGF group and the control group was significantly different(F=158.168,P＜0.05),with a lower value in the 20％ drug serum group compared with the control group ([3.50±0.03] mg/L vs.[4.44 ± 0.11] mg/L) (t =21.991,P ＜ 0.05).Also,the significantly different expressing value of TIMP1 was seen among all the groups (F=183.508,P＜0.05),and expressing value of TIMP1 in the 15％ drug serum group was(1.88±0.06)mg/L,which was lower than(3.20±0.32) mg/L of the control group(t=10.353,P＜0.05).Furthermore,the expressing value of the TIMP3 in the cells was significantly different among the various groups(F=54.503,P＜0.05),and that of the 20％ drug serum group was (1.743±0.065)mg/L and it was significantly higher than (1.54 ± 0.05) mg/L of the control group (t =5.046,P =0.004).However,the expressing value of TIMP3of the 15％,10％ and 5％ drug serum groups was lower than that of the control group,respectively all at(P＜0.05).Conclusions Qijingmingmu soup drug serum at the concentration of 20％ can down-regulate the expressions of MMP1,MMP3,TIMP1 and up-regulate the expression of TIMP3 in human conjunctivochalasis bulbar conjunctival fibroblastsin vitro,which probably plays preventive and therapeutic effects on conjunctivochalasis.

BACKGROUND:In addition to a conduit system for oxygen,nutrients and waste products,blood vessels in bones manipulate multiple aspects of bone formation and provide niches for bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells.Coupling of osteogenesis and angiogenesis plays a crucial role in bone development,maturation,ageing and diseases.OBJECTIVE:To review the architecture of bone vasculature and process of angiogenesis,and then discuss the factors regulating coupling of osteogenesis and angiogenesis.METHODS:CBM and PubMed databases were retrieved using the keywords of "osteogenesis,blood vasculature,angiogenesis" in Chinese and English,respectively.High-quality articles related to the blood vasculature and angiogenesis in bones were included,and the repetitive studies were excluded.Finally 65 eligible articles were included to explore the coupling of osteogenesis and angiogenesis.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The formation and stabilization of the skeletal system rely on the coordination of several different types of cellular activities,especially endothelial cells as an important source of signals that regulate chondrocytes and osteogenesis-related cells,thus allowing the coupling of angiogenesis and osteogenesis during development and regeneration.Like other organs,the vascular system in the bones exhibits a typical hierarchy;the arterial trunk branches flow into the capillary network and then converge into the large veins in the center of the bone.Vascular endothelial growth factor,fibroblast growth factor 2,platelet-derived growth factor,matrix metalloproteinases,hypoxia,and Notch signaling pathway are involved in the angiogenesis in bones.The signaling pathways and related cytokines regulating the coupling of osteogenesis and angiogenesis will provide a new treatment strategy to battle bone diseases such as osteoporosis,bone tumor,bone fracture and bone repair.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of loop configuration on appliance stiffness of stainless steel round wire.

METHODSSome stainless steel round wires with various cross-sectional dimension (0.36, 0.41, 0.46 mm) were selected. Box loops, double horizontal loops, and double vertical loops were manufactured according to established parameters, and loading experiments were carried out with a micro-orthodontic archwire testing apparatus.

RESULTSWhen the cross-sectional dimension and the span were identical, the appliance stiffness of the box loops, double horizontal loops, and double vertical loops increased successively.

CONCLUSIONConfiguration of loops exert a great influence on appliance stiffness, and the mechanical properties of box loop are optimal. The force generated by box loop was lighter, slowly decreasing, and easier to be controlled. The activation range of box loop (0.41 mm) was appropriate when the produced optimal moment was between 0.01-0.02 N.m. Box loop (0.41 mm) is preferred to rectify the individual tooth with mild or moderate mesiodistal displacement.

Cross-Sectional Studies ; Orthodontic Appliance Design ; Orthodontic Wires ; Stainless Steel

OBJECTIVETo investigate the bending mechanical properties and provide reference for orthodontists to select the proper wires during alignment stage.

METHODSIn order to analyze the load deflection rate of NiTi round wire quantitatively, some NiTi round wires of different cross-sectional dimension (0.36, 0.41, 0.46 mm) were selected. Then loading-unloading experiments were carried out with the micro-orthodontic archwire testing apparatus and double end bending test could be accomplished with the wire in a 0.56 mm x 0.71 mm standard incisor edgewise bracket slot.

RESULTSUnder the load of 0.03 N.m, 0.36 and 0.41 mm NiTi round wire showed excellent super-elasticity, while 0.46 mm NiTi round wire didn't. When the optimal moment produced by the archwire was between 0.01 N.m and 0.02 N.m, the bending range of 0.36, 0.41 and 0.46 mm NiTi round wires was from 21.0 degrees to 49.5 degrees , 7.2 degrees to 23.7 degrees , and 6.5 degrees to 9.5 degrees , respectively after deducting the contact angle.

CONCLUSIONSOn the premises of yielding effective orthodontic force, the preferable NiTi round wire for alignment was the one which could produce continuous and slowly declining force.

Dental Alloys ; Materials Testing ; Mechanics ; Nickel ; Orthodontic Wires ; Titanium

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression and the localization of Cathepsin K and IL-6 mRNA in root-resorbing tissue and to elucidate the molecular changes and mechanism of root resorption induced by tooth movement.

METHODSRats were subject to experimental tooth movement to induce root resorption. In situ hybridization was performed to identify the cells in root-resorbing tissue that produced Cathepsin K or IL-6 the difference of CK mRNA or IL-6 mRNA expression between root resorption group and control group was calculated by t-test.

RESULTSCathepsin K mRNA was highly and selectively expressed in multinuclear odontoclast and IL-6 mRNA expressed in fibroblast, osteoblast, osteocyte and cementoblast. The expression of Cathepsin K mRNA and IL-6 mRNA in root-resorbing tissue increased evidently compared with the normal periodontium.

CONCLUSIONSOdontoclast in the root-resorbing tissue expresses Cathepsin K mRNA that participates in proteolysis during root resorption. IL-6 plays a very important role in the root resorption as a multifunctional cytokine.

Animals ; Cathepsin K ; Cathepsins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Interleukin-6 ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Male ; Osteoclasts ; enzymology ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Tooth Movement Techniques ; Tooth Resorption ; enzymology