Objective:To study the dynamic frictional resistance in the buccal segment between preadjusted brackets coupled with different archwires,at different times under artificial saliva condition.Methods: The dynamic friction of different combinations of 4 kinds of preadjusted brackets and 4 archwires were tested simulating archwires sliding in the buccal segments at 4 different times(0,15,30,45 d)under artificial saliva condition by using Instron universal testing machine.Results: The dynamic frictional resistance of combinations of 3M MBT bracket and all archwires were the smallest.The combinations of 0.46 mm inch stainless steel round wire and all brackets produced significantly lower dynamic frictional resistance than that of other archwires.The 0.48 mm?0.64 mm inch stainless steel rectangular wire produced the highest dynamic frictional resistance combined with all preadjusted brackets.The dynamic frictional resistance of combinations of archwires and brackets were highest at the 15th day and smallest at the 30th day under artificial saliva condition.Conclusion: 0.46 mm stainless steel round wire produces the smallest dynamic frictional resistance combined with all preadjusted brackets.3M MBT brackets are more favorable to sliding mechanics compared with other brackets.As for time,the lowest dynamic frictional resistance exhibits at the 30th day under artificial saliva condition.

Objective To explore expression of plexinA1 and Ki-67 in tissue of human brain glioma cells and their clinical significance.Methods 43 specimens from patients with brain glioma were collected.Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining was used for detecting the expression of tissue plexinA1 and Ki-67 in human glioma cells of 43 cases of patients with brain glioma.The positive expression rate of plexinA1 and Ki-67 among the different pathological grade tissues and their clinical significance were analyzed.So did correlation studies about plexinA1 and Ki-67.Results The positive expression rates of plexinA1 in Ⅰ-Ⅱ grade group (18 cases) and Ⅲ-Ⅳ grade group (25 cases) were 22.22 ％ (4/18) and 72.00 ％ (18/25) (P ＜ 0.05).The positive expression rates of Ki-67 in Ⅰ-Ⅱ grade group and Ⅲ-Ⅳ grade group were 16.67 ％ (3/18) and 56.00 ％ (14/25),respectively (P ＜ 0.05).PlxinA1 and Ki-67 expression in the tissue of human brain glioma were positively correlated (r =0.997,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The positive expression rate of plexinA1 is higher in high malignancy human glioma group than that in low malignancy group which has an important reference value in the estimation of prognosis for human glioma.PlexinA1 and Ki-67 maybe synergism in occurrence and development of glioma.

Adolescent ; Anemia, Aplastic ; complications ; Female ; Humans ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; complications

Allergy and Immunology ; Congresses as Topic ; Humans

The most common forms of treatment for amblyopia are occlusion therapy and pharmacologic penalization. But these methods can not recover all the visual deficits of amblyopes and there are some disadvantages of the treatment which need to be considered, including adverse effects, compliance and social stigma. Recently, some novel approaches are investigated for improving the effectiveness and compliance of treatment for amblyopia.

Objective To evaluate the sleep characteristics of the Korean children,and explore the measurement of improving the sleep qua-lity of minority nationality children.Methods The sleep time of 1 183 from 3 to 12 years age Korean children were investigated with questionnaire The sleep time of korean children in different ages and cities were compared.Results The mean time of total sleep time in Korean children was(10.06?1.29) h,which was decreasing with the age′s increasing.The difference in different ages groups was remarkable(Pa

Objective To comprehend the status and risk factors of overweight and obesity among urban and rural inhabitants of Shenchi county.Methods With stratified cluster sampling,two residents" committees were selected as investigation spots from each town of Longquan,Yijing,Bajiao and Hezhi of Shenchi county.Permanent inhabitants aged 20 to 74 yrs were investigated on their status of overweight and obesity and its realted risk factors.Results In this study,2231 inhabitants were investigated,among which male 871 and female 1 360.The prevalence rate of overweight and obesity were 28.6%(standardized rate was 26.7%) and 5.1% (standardized rate was 4,5%).There was a statistic significance in prevalence rate of overweight between male and female(X~2=4.595, P0.05).It was discovered that the age,the degree of education, the annual income of family,drinking,exercise status,alimentary control status,family history and so on had the relation with BMI, the exercise and diet control status assumed negative association by multiple linear regression.Conclusion There is a high prevalence rate of overweight and obesity among residents in Shenchi county in Shanxi province.We should make the comprehensive intervention measures according to its status and risk factors,and make the prevalence rate decreased.

OBJECTIVETo observe the impacts on the muscle strength in the patients of stroke-induced acroparalysis treated with Xunjingcuiqi needling technique.

METHODSOne hundred patients were randomized into a Xunjingcuiqi group and a routine acupuncture group, 50 cases in each group. In the routine acupuncture group, the routine acupuncture technique was adopted at the main acupoints, such as Shangxing (GV 23), Baihui (GV 20), Dicang (ST 4), Quchi (LI 11), Huantiao (GB 30) and Zusanli (ST 36), etc. In Xunjingcuiqi group, on the basis of the routine acupuncture technique, Xunjingcuiqi needling technique (pricking technique was quickly applied with the filiform needle along the running course of meridian to promote the conduction of meridian qi) was added. For the patients being hard to feel the needling sensation and with the muscle strength of 0 to 1 degree, Dongzhencuiqi technique was supplemented at shu-stream points of yang meridians (after qi arrival, the needling manipulation with limb movement was given to promote the conduction of meridian qi). The treatment was given once every day in the two groups. Ten treatments made one session. Three sessions of treatment were required. At the end of each session treatment, the muscle strength and clinical efficacy were assessed.

RESULTSIn the 1st, 2nd and 3rd sessions of treatment, 20, 24 and 36 cases achieved the 3 to 5 degrees muscle strength in Xunjingcuiqi group, respectively; and 6, 10 and 15 cases achieved the 3 to 5 degrees muscle strength in the routine acupuncture group. The differences were significant statistically in comparison of the two groups (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). The markably effective rates were 60.0% (30/50), 64.0% (32/50) and 70.0% (35/50) after the 1st, 2nd and 3rd sessions of treatment in Xunjingcuiqi group, respectively; and those were 38.0% (19/50), 44.0% (22/50) and 46.0% (23/50) in the routine acupuncture group, respectively. The differences were significant in the 1st and 3rd sessions of treatment between the two groups (both P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONXunjingcuiqi needling technique combined with routine acupuncture achieves the apparent superior efficacy on acroparalysis induced by ischemic stroke as compared with the simple routine acupuncture. Xunjingcuiqi needling technique obviously improves muscle strength and shortens the duration of sickness.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; instrumentation ; methods ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Paralysis ; etiology ; therapy ; Qi ; Stroke ; complications ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To analyze the correlations of vascular structure, hemodynamic changes and surgical recanalization of carotid endarterectomy ( CEA) for the treatment of subtotal or complete occlusion of carotid artery. Methods A total of 107 patients with carotid artery occlusive disease diagnosed at Beijing Xuanwu Hospital,Capital Medical University received CEA therapy from January 2005 to January 2014 and were enrolled retrospectively. According to the findings of introperative ultrasound,they were divided into either a recanalization group (n=86) or a non-recanalization group (n=21). Preoperative and intraoperative carotid artery diameter and blood flow velocity were compared and analyzed with carotid ultrasonography. Intraoperative detected vascular abnormalities, residual vascular stenosis rate, blood flow velocity and pulsatility index of the ipsilateral middle cerebral artery ( MCA) were documented. Results (1) The peak systolic velocity (PSV) (82 ± 32 cm/s and 60 ± 17 cm/s),mean velocity (MV) (50 ± 19 cm/s and 42 ±13cm/s),and pulsatility index (PI) (0. 97 ± 0. 25 and 0. 67 ± 0. 14) on the ipsilateral MCA in patients of carotid artery recanalization before and after procedure were significantly higher than those during the procedure. There were significant differences (all P=0. 000). In patients failed to recanalize,the intraoperative and preoperative PSV,EDV,and MV of MCA were 46 ± 20 cm/s and. 63 ± 21 cm/s,24 ± 13 cm/s and 34 ± 12 cm/s, and 32 ± 16 cm/s and 44 ± 15 cm/s,respectively. They were reduced more significantly during the procedure than those after procedure. There were significant differences ( all P=0. 000 ) . But there was no significant difference in PI (0. 70 ± 0. 18 and 0. 67 ± 0. 15) compared with that before procedure (P=0. 317). (2) The diseased vascular diameter of the recanalization group was significantly widened (0. 6 ± 0. 4 mm vs. 3. 4 ± 0. 9 mm,P=0. 000) compared with before procedure. The overall recanalization rate was 80. 4% (86/107). Intraoperative ultrasound revealed that 13 patients had mild abnormal vascular structures among the recanalized patients. The non-recanalized patients had significantly abnormal vascular structure. Conclusion Intraoperative carotid ultrasound in combination with transcranial Doppler (TCD) for monitoring cerebral blood flow may effectively identify the carotid structure and the degree of cerebral hemodynamic improvement,and timely guide the secondary repair.

Objective To compare the therapeutic effect of inhaled aerosolized and intravenous milrinone,a phosphodiesterase-3 inhibitor in rats with oleic acid-induced acute lung injury (ALI) .Methods Forty male SD rats weighing 300-350 g were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=10 each) : group Ⅰ normal control: group Ⅱ ALI; group Ⅲ milfinone inhalation and group Ⅳ intravenous milrinone.The animals were anesthetized with intraperitoneal 2% pentobarbital 40 mg/kg,tracheostomized and mechanically ventilated (FiO2 30%,VT 10 ml/kg,RR 80 bpm,I:E=1:2).The chest was opened and the heart was exposed.Pulmonary artery was catheterized via fight ventricle.MAP,CVP,airway pressure and pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) were monitored.ALI was induced with 10% oleic acid 2 ml/kg administered through fight external jugular vein in group Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ.In control group 0.1% BSA solution 2 ml/kg was administered iv instead of oleic acid.In group Ⅲ at 30 min after oleic acid administration aerosolized milrinone 1 mg/ml was inhaled 4 times at 60 min interval.Each time milrinone was inhaled for 10 min.In group Ⅳ at 30 min after oleic acid administration a bolus of 10 μg/kg milrinone was given iv followed by 10 min milrinone infusion at 1 μ·kg-1·min-1.The same procedure was repeated 4 times at 60 min interval.MAP and PAP were recorded and blood samples were taken from carotid artery and pulmonary artery for blood gas analysis at the 1st,2nd,3rd and 4th treatment.PaO2/FiO2 and Qs/Qt were calculated.The animals were sacrificed by exsanguination after the 4th treatment.The lungs were removed.The left lung was lavaged.Neutrophil count and protein content in broncho-alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were determined.W/D lung weight ratio and lung myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity were measured.The uhrastructure of the lung was examined with electron microscope.Results The MAP was significantly lower after oleic acid adminstration in group Ⅳ than in other 3 groups.PaO2/FiO2 was significantly decreased and Qs/Qt increased by iv oleic acid in group Ⅱ ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ.PAP was significantly increased after iv oleic acid in group Ⅱ ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ but was significantly lower in group Ⅲ and Ⅳ than in group Ⅱ .The neutrophil count and total protein content in BALF,W/D ratio and lung MPO activity were significantly increased in group Ⅱ ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ as compared with control group(Ⅰ) and were significantly higher in group Ⅳ than in group Ⅲ.The lung damage induced by oleic acid was less serious in group Ⅲ and Ⅳ than in group Ⅱ .Conclusion Inhaled aerosoLized milrinone has better therapeutic effect than intravenous milrinone in rats with oleic acid-induced ALI and is safer.