Objective To investigate the effect of rosiglitazone (RGTZ) on anti-oxidation in aging rat kidney. Methods Twenty-four-month-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups (n=10): control group (CON), rosiglitazone group (RGTZ) and caloric restriction group (CR). The CON rats were allowed ad libitum access to feed and tap water.The RGTZ rats received intragastric administration of RGTZ (4 mg·kg-1·d-1),and the CR rats were provided with a vitamin and mineral fortified version of the same diet at a level of 40% less food (by weight) than the CON rats. After 12 weeks all the animals were sacrificed by decapitation, and both the body weight and the percentage of kidney and heart in each group were measured.Western blot was performed to analyze the expression of PPARγ protein. The content of MDA and the activity of SOD and GSH-PX in kidney tissue were detected. Besides, frozen sections of kidney tissue were stained for senescence-associated-13 galactosidase (SA-β-Gal). Results The body weight of CR rats decreased obviously, in contrast, which did not change in CON and RGTZ group. Percentage of kidney and heart to body weight was normal in CR or RGTZ group after intervention. Western blot result showed that PPARγ protein expression in rat kidney was significantly higher in RGTZ and CR group as compared to CON group (P<0.05). Compared with RGTZ and CR rats, obviously lower activities of SOD and GSH-Px were noted in CON rats, however, the content of MDA was higher in CON rats. Additionally, the positive staining area of [3-Gal in CR and RGTZ group was significantly smaller than that in CON rats (P<0.05, P<0.01 ). Conclusion RGTZ can defer the kidney aging in senescence SD rat, and the mechanism may be related to amelioration of oxidative damage and enhancement of antioxidation.

Objective To investigate the effect of selenium on proliferation and apoptosis of chondrocytes of articular cartilage cultured in vitro in Kaschin-Beck disease(KBD) patients and normal person, to explore the role of selenium in control of KBD, and to provide evidence for selenium's effect on the growth of normal cartilage cells. Methods The articular cartilage samples of grade Ⅱ and Ⅲ KBD patients were selected according to the national "Clinical Diagnosis of KBD" (GB 16003-1995). Chondrocytes of 5 KBD and 5 non-endemic normal accidentswere separated and cultured in vitro. KBD group and control group were given different doses of selenium (0,0.0125,0.0250,0.0500,0.1000,0.2500,0.5000,1.0000 mg/L, respectively). Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT),flow cytometric analysis, and immunocytochemical staining were used to observe the effect of selenium on cell growth and apoptosis in KBD and normal persons. Results MTT results showed that the cell proliferation rate in each dosage group of the control group at the 6th day(0.086 ± 0.025,0.077 ± 0.012,0.073 ± 0.027,0.071 ± 0.017,0.058 ± 0.028,0.052 ± 0.028 and 0.046 ± 0.037) was significantly lower than that of 0 mg/L group(0.138 ± 0.026,all P ＜ 0.05);the average cell proliferation rate was negative( - 0.001 ± 0.001, - 0.003 ± 0.000, - 0.003 ± 0.001and - 0.004 ± 0.001 ) in 0.1000 - 1.0000 mg/L dose group, which was significantly lower than that of the 0 mg/L group(0.025 ± 0.003, all P ＜ 0.05);compared with 0 mg/L group(0. 115 ± 0.011), the KBD 0.2500 mg/L dose group promoted cell proliferation(0.128 ± 0.037, P ＜ 0.05), the KBD 1.0000 mg/L dose group inhibited cell growth (0.071 ± 0.019, P ＜ 0.05). The apoptotic rate of 0.0500 - 1.0000 mg/L dose control group [ (18.88 ± 0.02)%,(17.58 ± 0.01)%, (17.09 ± 0.04)%, (56.00 ± 0.02)%, (57.85 ± 0.03)% ] were higher than that of the 0 mg/L group[(13.51 ± 0.01)%, all P ＜ 0.05];compared with 0 mg/L group[(25.84 ± 0.02)%], the apoptotic rate in KBD 0.0250 - 0.2500 mg/L dose group [ ( 13.69 ± 0.02) %, ( 15.96 ± 0.03 ) %, ( 16.68 ± 0.03 ) %, ( 16.67 ± 0.02) % ]were lower, and the apoptotic rate in 0.5000, 1.0000 mg/L dose group [ (59.58 ± 0.03)%, (73.48 ± 0.04)% ] were significantly higher(all P ＜ 0.05). The Fas expression in KBD 0.0500 - 0.2500 mg/L dose groups[ (41.2 ± 1.5)%,(40.3 ± 2.0)%, (50.2 ± 2.5)%] were lower than those of the same dose control group with selenium intervention [(52.4 ± 1.0)%, (67.2 ± 4.0)%, (75.1 ± 5.0)%, all P ＜ 0.05], the caspase-3 expression in KBD 0.0500,0.1000 mg/L dose groups[ (40.8 ± 1.1 )%, (45.1 ± 2.1 )%] were lower than those of the same dose control group with selenium intervention[ (68.0 ± 3.0)%, (70.6 ± 3.5)%, all P ＜ 0.05 ]. Conclusions Appropriate dose of selenium supplementation (0.1000 - 0.2500 mg/L) could promote the growth of KBD chondrocyte, decrease cell apoptosis,but have a damage when the dose of selenium ＞ 0.5000 mg/L;doses of selenium that could promote the growth of KBD chondrocyte does not mean to promote the growth of normal cartilage cells in vivo.

Objective To observe the month age distribution of peroxisome proliferators activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) expression in rat kedney. Methods Wistar rats aged 3 months,12 months and 24 months were made as models who represented young, middle-aged and old group respectively. Western blotting, immunohistochemical (IHC) and in-situ hybridization (ISH) were used to detect the expression and location of protein and mRNA of PPARγ in rat kidney. Results Western blotting results showed that the expression of PPARγ protein was higher in 3 months group than in 24 months group (0.94±0.05 vs. 0.78±0.02, P＜0.01) and 12 months group (0.87±0.04, P＞0.05), and it reduced in 24 months group than in 12 months group (P＞0.05). By IHC,the PPARγ protein was localized predominantly in the nuclear of tubular epithelia and collecting duct cells in each group. In old age group, PPARγ protein was also detected little in the mesangial and Bowman's capsule epithelial cells. Meanwhile, the distribution of PPARγ mRNA with ISH was consistent with above findings. Additional, semi-quantitative analysis of ISH results verified that the level of PPARγ mRNA decreased with ageing. Conclusions As a nuclear transcription factor,PPARγ participates in the regulation of rat kidney aging.

Objective To compare the effects of transforaminal peripheral nerve stimulation(PNS) and spinal cord stimulation(SCS) in treatment of postherpetic neuralgia.Methods A total of 64 patients with postherpetic neuralgia in our hospital from January 2015 to January 2016 were divided into PNS group and SCS group according to random number table.Both two groups were treated with PNS or SCS for 14 days,respectively.Visual analogue scale(VAS) and piasburgh sleep quality index(PSQI) were adapted to assess the effects at the different time of preoperation, postoperation 1 day,1 week,1 month,2 months.Results At the preoperation and 2 months postoperation,in PNS group,the VAS were (8.4±1.6) and (1.4±1.0),the PSQI were (16.1±2.1) and (5.8±1.3),respectively;meanwhile in the SCS group,the VAS were (8.6±1.8) and (2.9±1.2),the PSQI were (15.6±2.3),(7.5±1.5),respectively.Obviously,the VAS and PQSI at different follow-up stages were improved after transforaminal PNS or SCS treatment, the differences were signicant(P<0.05).Moreover,the PNS group had lower VAS and higher PQSI compared with the SCS group at different follow-up stages,the differences were signicant(P<0.05).Conclusion The transforaminal PNS achieved satisfying outcomes on pain relief and quality of sleep improvements for the postherpetic neuralgia patients,which was superior to that of the SCS.

Objective:To investigate the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)symptoms in middle school students after Wenchuan earthquake.Methods:The PTSD Checklist-Civilian version( PCL-C),which included three symptom groups(A,B,and C),was used to assess the PTSD symptoms in 1960 middle school students in the disaster region through self-questionnaire.Results:(1)The general positive rate of PTSD symptoms was 78.3%,and that of B group was the highest(68.9%).(2)The rates of general PTSD and three symptom groups of PTSD were higher in girls,high grade students,minority groups,rural students,injured in earthquake and those who lost family property than in boys,low grade students,the Han nationality,urban students,not injured in earthquake and those who did not lost family property[such as,the general positive rate of PTSD symptoms:girls 82.2%,boys 73.9%,P<0.05].(3)The rates of severe PTSD symptoms in girls and rural students were higher than that in boys and urban students(27.9% vs.19.9%,26.7% vs.21.4%,Ps<0.05).Conclusions:PTSD symptoms are common among middle school students in earthquake region.Targeted measures should be taken to protect middle school students from PTSD in earthquake region.

OBJECTIVE: To construct the expressing vector of siRNA which can inhibit the Smad3 activity. METHODS: Sixty-four bases of 2 pair oligos for hairp in RNA expression which targeted Smad3 gene were chemically synthesized and annealed. pSUPER vector was linearized with BgL II and Hin d III treated with alkaline phosphatase (CIP). Anneled oligos were inserted into the downstream of the treated pSUPER's pol III H1 promoter to construct RNAi plasmid (pSUPER Smad3). Oligos with a scrambled sequence were used as a negative control. pSUPER Smad3 was transfected into human renal tubular epithelial cells (HKC). RESULTS: Recombinant pSUPER Smad3 vector was identified by the digestion with Eco R I and Hin d III, and confirmed by the sequencing analysis with T3 primer. Sixty-four bases had been inserted into the expected site. Furthermore, the insertion sequence was exactly corrected. The activity evaluation indicated that mRNA and protein of Smad3 but not Smad2 were inhibited by pSUPER Smad3 in HKC. CONCLUSION The pSUPER Smad3 system has been constructed successfully, and has high inhibition and specificity in vitro.
Epithelial Cells ; metabolism ; Humans ; Kidney Tubules ; cytology ; Plasmids ; RNA Interference ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; RNA, Small Interfering ; Smad3 Protein ; antagonists & inhibitors ; genetics ; Transfection

Objective This study aims to investigate the diagnosis and treatment of external root resorption of adjacent teeth caused by impacted teeth via cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods A total of 19 teeth from 15 patients with uncertain external root resorption caused by an adjacent impacted tooth were examined from January 2011 to December 2011. All teeth with uncertain external root resorption were scanned by CBCT. Three dimensions reconstruction were the con-ducted to determine the location and extent of resorption. Results In all cases, CBCT identified the accurate location and extent of external root resorption caused by adjacent impacted teeth. Furthermore, the technique provided impacted teeth location in three dimensions, including the relation between the impacted teeth and surrounding vital structures. Conclusion CBCT can provide direct and accurate images of the location and extent of external root resorption, as well as the location of the adja-cent impacted teeth in three dimensions. Therefore, the proposed technique provides reliable information for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

[Objective] To investigate the present status of eyesight and eye health at home in low-grade pupils in Shanghai Zhabei District ,and to provide the basis for eyesight protection . [ Methods] Random cluster sampling was done in 7 primary schools .A total of 2 598 pupils of grade 1-3 were in-cluded into our investigation .Visual examination was done for them and questionnaires approach applied to obtain information on pupils and their eye health at home . [ Results] The low vision rate of low -grade pupils in primary schools in Zhabei District was 33.4%, of whom the boys were 31.5%, and the girls 35.6%.For pupils of grade one, two and three, the low vision rates were 30.2%, 31.3%and 39.7%re-spectively, and the mild low vision rates accounted for 72.5% of the total.It took hours per day for most pupils at home to do homework or read ,and only 32.8% pupils had an interval of relaxation in 1 hour or less in doing homework and reading . [ Conclusion] The low vision rate continues to rise ,and the ad-verse eye health habits are prevalent in the pupils .Behavior intervention should be carried out as early as possible among low-grade pupils for myopia prevention .

Objective To study the characters of chronic rhinosinusitis in patients with irradiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Methods There were 65 cases of chronic rhinasinusitis after irradiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC, experimental group) and 65 cases of common chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS, control group) in the study. The visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to evaluate the intensity of subjective symptoms. Endoscopic finding was recorded and CT results were evaluated by Lund-Mackay scoring system. Results As to the VAS, nasal secretion was significantly more severe in experimental group (7.86±1.62), compared with control group(5.12±1.32, t = 10.541, P <0.01). As to endoscopic finding, middle nasal meatus were clean in 35 (53.8%) cases in experimental group, and 23 cases (35.4%) in control group(χ2=4. 483, P<0. 05). CT score was(7.03±4. 63)in experiment group, and (11.42±3.32) in control group (t=-6.207,P<0.05). The main reason lays in lower CT score and lower involved rate of ostiomeatal complex ,frontal sinus, maxillary sinus, anterior ethmoid sinus. Conclusions The characters of chronic rhinosinasitis in patients with irradiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma is quite different from the common CRS and different therapeutic measures should be taken.

Objective To investigate the effects of the enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) gene on cell growth and invasion of the nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).Methods Recombinant lentivirus vector for shRNA delivery of EZH2 was constructed and transfected into 293FT cells. After collecting the viral particles, the NPC cell line 5-8F cells were transfected. The effects of EZH2 silence on cell proliferation and cell cycle were detected using MTT assay,plate colony formation assay and flow cytometry.The migration and invasion of 5-8F cells were determined by wound healing assay and matrigel invasion assay,respectively.The expressions of EZH2 and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) -related markers at mRNA and protein levels were examined by real-time PCR and Western blot respectively.Results The expressions of EZH2 mRNA and protein in the transfected 5-8F cells were obviously reduced. MTT assay showed that EZH2 downregulation significantly inhibited the growth of 5-8F/shEZH2 cells( P ＜ 0.001 ).Colony formation rate (84.44％ ) of 5-8F/shEZH2 cells was lower than control (31.56％,P =0.001 ).Cell cycle analysis showed that most 5-8F/shEZH2 cells were arrested in G0/G1 phase,with a very low ratio of cells in S phase.Wound healing assay indicated that the migration ability of cells silencing EZH2 decreased significantly,and the 48-hour relative migration distance of 5-SF/ShEZH2 cells and control cells was 0.58 ± 0.05,and 0.81 ± 0.02,respecptively(P ＜ 0.000).Matrigel invasion assay,showed the invasive capacity of cells silencing EZH2 was significantly inhibited,with less penetrating cells (72.23 ± 4.08 ) compared to control( 150.95 ± 16.27),P ＜ 0.000.The mRNA expressions of epithelial markers E-cadherin and Keratin 18 in the cells silencing EZH2 increased by 177％ and 158％ respectively,and the mRNA expressions of mesenchymal markers β-catenin and N-cadherin decreased by 18.04％ and 41.18％ respectively. Similar results also were obtained with Western blot analysis. Conclusion EZH2 significantly enhanced the proliferation and invasion of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells in vitro,which might be mediated by inducing EMT.