Objective: To establish a simple,rapid and novel Rayleigh light scattering(RLS)method for rapid determination of mexiletine hydrochloride in drugs. Methods: In the presence of acid Tris-HCl medium and cetylpyri- dinium bromide,eosin Y reacted with mexiletine hydrochloride to form a ternary ion association complex with two charac- teristic scattering peaks by electrostatic attraction. The detection wavelengths were 368 and 586 nm. There was a linear relationship between the mexiletine hydrochloride concentration in a certain range and the Rayleigh light scattering en- hancement intensity(ΔIRLS)of the association complex. Single-wavelength Rayleigh scattering(SWO-RLS)method or dualwavelength Rayleigh light scattering(DWO-RLS)method was used to determine the content of mexiletine hydrochloride, and the mexiletine hydrochloride content was calculated according to the regression equation of standard curve. Results: The linear ranges of mexiletine hydrochloride were 0.005-0.65 mg/L(SWO-RLS method,368 nm),0.004-0.65 mg/L (SWO-RLS method,586 nm)and 0.004-0.65 mg/L(DWO-RLS method,368 nm+586 nm),respectisely. Detection lim- its were 0.0033(SWO-RLS method,368 nm),0.0040(SWO-RLS method,586 nm)and 0.0018 mg/L(DWO-RLS method, 368 nm+586 nm),respectisely. The recovery and relative standard deviation(RSD,n=5)for a SWO-RLS method were 98.6-103% and 1.4-1.8%,respectively(SWO-RLS method,368 nm). Conclusion: The method is simple,rapid, highly sensitive and high selectie.

Animals ; China ; Elapidae ; Humans ; Male ; Snake Bites ; Snake Venoms ; poisoning ; Young Adult

Aristolochic Acids ; adverse effects ; Child ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Nephrosis ; chemically induced

Objective To investigate the appropriate and pragmatic drainage after the breast cancer by radi- cal surgery.Methods 120 patients treated by the radical surgery from July 2003 to July 2005,were divided into the experimental group(ring-like double tubes with negative pressure drainage) and the control group(armpit single tube drainage with pressure bind).The differences between the two groups were analyzed in the same period,respectively sixty cases.Results The outflow of the first three days after operation in the experimental group was more than that in control group(P0.05).The incidence of sinoma and incision delaying healing in experimental group was lower than that in con- trol group(P

OBJECTIVETo identify the changes in serum insulin like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs) in children with nephrotic syndrome (NS) and the effect of glucocorticoid on serum IGF-I and IGFBPs.

METHODSWe measured serum IGF-I and IGFBPs levels by radioimmune assay and immune radiomagnetic assay in 36 children with NS, consisting of an active stage group (ANS, n = 12), a remission stage group (RE, n = 12), an active stage group with glucocorticoid treatment (GNS, n = 12), and a normal control group (NC, n = 10).

RESULTS1) Compared to NC, serum levels of IGF-I and IGFBP-3 were decreased (P < 0.01); serum levels of IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-2 were increased (P < 0.01) in the ANS group. 2) Serum levels of IGF-I and IGFBP-3 were higher and IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-2 were lower in the RE Group than in theANS Group (P < 0.01). 3) Compared to the ANS group, serum levels of IGF-I and IGFBP-3 were increased (P < 0.01) and serum levels of IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-2 were decreased (P < 0.01) in the GNS group. 4) A correlation was found between serum levels of IGFBP-3 and albumin in the active stage group (r = 0.76, P < 0.01). There was also a correlation between serum levels of IGF-I and IGFBP-3 and an inverse correlation between the serum level of IGF-I and serum levels of IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-2 in the ANS group. No other correlations were observed.

CONCLUSIONSThe serum levels of IGF-I and IGFBPs are altered in children in the active stage of NS, but return to normal in the remission stage. GC treatment may influence serum IGF-I and IGFBPs in children with NS. Changes in IGF-I and IGFBPs levels may play a role in the growth retardation of NS children.

Child ; Dexamethasone ; pharmacology ; Female ; Glucocorticoids ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins ; blood ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ; analysis ; Male ; Nephrotic Syndrome ; blood

OBJECTIVE: To establish a new resonance Rayleigh scattering method for the fast determination of captopril in drug and biological samples. METHODS: In a Tris-hydrochloric acid buffer solution of pH 9.05, quantitative methods of determination of captopril in drug and biological samples were studied by resonance Rayleigh scattering technology with brilliant green as probe. The detection wavelength was set at 368 nm. RESULTS: In the weak alkaline Tris-hydrochloric acid medium, captopril reacted with brilliant green to form a green binary ionic association complex, which led to a quench effect of the system's resonance rayleigh scattering (RRS). The maximum resonance Rayleigh scattering peak was located at 368 nm. At this wavelength, the system's RRS quenching degree was directly proportional to the mass concentration of captopril in the range of 0.005 to 0.43 mg•L-1 with the detection limit of 0.004 8 mg•L-1. The recovery and RSD (n = 6) were found to be 98.95% - 102.0% and 1.6% - 2.3%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The method is simple, rapid and sensitive, which was applied to determine the contents of captopril in commercially available captoril drugs and in human blood and urine with satisfactory results.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the ability of a polycaprolactone/polylactic acid (PCL/PLA) membrane to inhibit epidural scar adhesion after laminectomy, and observe the responsive changes of the pain media in the spinal cord.

METHODSL(1), L(3) laminectomies were performed on 96 Wistar rats. The rats were divided into 3 groups: None-implant Control Group (NC), Autologous free fat graft group (AFFG) and PCL/PLA membrane group (PCL/PLAm). The rats were killed at 1, 3, 6, and 12 weeks postoperatively. Epidural scar formation and adhesion were observed grossly and histologically. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were used to analyses the expression of Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) in the epidural scar. Immunohistochemistry stain and RT-PCR were performed to evaluate the expression of the substance P and the c-fos gene in the relevant spinal cord, and the results were analyzed statistically.

RESULTSGross evaluation and histological evaluation showed that in the NC lamina defect site had much scar tissue and had wide and tight adhesions to the dura; in the AFFG, with the fat degrading gradually, the adhesions were increased; whereas in the PCL/PLAm group, there were slightly adhesions to the dura. RT-PCR showed that the expression of the TGF-beta was much less in the PCL/PLAm group than in the NC group. The insertion of the PCL/PLA membrane and the fat patch reduced the expression of the substance P and the c-fos gene in the spinal cord.

CONCLUSIONThe insertion of the PCL/PLA membrane reduces scar formation and separates fibrosis tissue from the dura, the results indicate that PCL/PLA membrane is an effective way of reducing peridural scar formation and preventing the failed back surgery syndrome.

Animals ; Biocompatible Materials ; Cicatrix ; prevention & control ; Female ; Lactic Acid ; Laminectomy ; adverse effects ; Membranes, Artificial ; Polyesters ; Polymers ; Postoperative Complications ; prevention & control ; Prosthesis Implantation ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos ; biosynthesis ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Spinal Cord ; metabolism ; Spinal Diseases ; prevention & control ; Substance P ; biosynthesis ; Tissue Adhesions ; prevention & control

BACKGROUNDTo explore the therapeutic effect of bronchial artery infusion chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy for lung cancer with malignant hydrothorax.

METHODSSeventy-five lung cancer patients with malignant hydrothorax were randomly divided into the two groups: 38 patients were given intrathoracic chemotherapy and bronchial artery infusion chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy as observing group; 37cases only received intrathoracic chemotherapy as control group. Chi-square assay was performed to analyze the efficacy (responses for lung cancer and hydrothorax control) after the first course of treatment and the 1-, 2-year survival rates in the two groups.

RESULTSAfter the first course of treatment, the total responses for lung cancer were 31.58% (12/38) and 5.41% (2/37) in the observing group and control group (Chi-square=8.46, P < 0.01) respectively ; and responses for hydrothorax control were 86.84% and 64.86% respectively (Chi-square= 4.96, P <0.05). The 1- and 2-year survival rates in the observing group were 65.79% (25/38) and 26.32% (10/38) respectively, which were significantly higher than those of the control group (40.54% and 5.41%) respectively (Chi-square=4.80, P <0.05; Chi-square=6.10, P <0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe intrathoracic chemotherapy combined with bronchial artery infusion chemotherapy and immunotherapy is quite effective in the treatment of lung cancer with malignant hydrothorax.

BACKGROUNDGenetic association studies on populations of European origin have identified the DCDC2 gene as a susceptibility locus for developmental dyslexia. Here, we sought to investigate the association of DCDC2 polymorphisms with developmental dyslexia in children of Han Chinese origin.

METHODSWe undertook a case-control genetic association study on 76 dyslexic children and 79 non-dyslexic matched controls. We isolated DNA from oral mucosal cell samples and genotyped two DCDC2 coding-sequence single nucleotide polymorphisms, rs2274305 and rs6456593, in each sample using SNaPshot single nucleotide extension. We compared the allele and genotype frequencies between the groups using the χ(2) test and analyzed the relationship between dyslexia and the polymorphism at both loci using unconditional logistic regression. We also predicted haplotypes and compared their frequencies between the two groups.

RESULTSThe differences in the genotype distribution and the allelic genes of the two single nucleotide luci of the DCDC2 gene, rs2274305 and rs6456593, between the two dyslexic and non-dyslexic groups were statistically meaningless (P > 0.05). The differences in the haplotype distributions of the DCDC2 gene between the dyslexic and normal group were statistically meaningless (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe DCDC2 gene may not be a susceptibility factor for developmental dyslexia among the Han Chinese. However, methodological issues may have prevented the detection of positive associations.

Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Child ; Dyslexia ; genetics ; Female ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; genetics ; Genotype ; Haplotypes ; genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins ; genetics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo study the potential risk factors of human infecting with Streptococcus suis.

METHODS1: M matched case-control study was conducted. 29 human cases of Streptococcus suis infection in the early phase were included in the case group, Patients' family members, neighbors and peoples who had worked together with patients to handle deceased or sick pigs in the last week were recruited as matched controls. There were 147 controls in total. Both cases and controls received questionnaire investigation including the ways to contact sick/dead pigs. Conditional logistic regression was employed to analyze matching data.

RESULTSAccording to the results of multivariate analysis, slaughtering (OR = 11.978, 95% CI: 3.355-42.756), carcasses cutting and processing (OR = 3.008, 95% CI: 1.022-8.849) sick/dead pigs were associated with cases related to human Streptococcus suis infection. The attributable risk proportion were 91.65% and 66.76% respectively. The other types of exposures to sick/ dead pigs, including feeding, selling, burying and eating, were not associated with the human Streptococcus suis infection in our study population.

CONCLUSIONSlaughtering, carcasses cutting and processing sick/dead pigs were important risky behavior for humans to be infected by Streptococcus suis.

Adult ; Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multivariate Analysis ; Occupational Exposure ; adverse effects ; statistics & numerical data ; Risk Factors ; Streptococcal Infections ; epidemiology ; etiology ; microbiology ; Streptococcus suis ; physiology