Insulin is a hormone produced by isletβcells, which plays an important role in regulating cell division, cell differentiation, cell growth and regulating blood glucose levels.Decreased insulin and isletβcell dysfunction are vital fundamental characteristics of diabetes.There are many transcription factors involved in the development and maintaining of isletβcells.This review focuses on the transcription factors aboutβcell development.

Objective To explore the effect of uric acid (UA) on the rat glomerular mesangial cells (GMCs) and its possible mechanism in vitro. Methods Cultured rat GMCs were treated with various concentrations of UA (50 μmol/L, 100 μmol/L, 300 μmol/L) in the presence or absence of U0126, apocynin, rotenone. The incorporation of 3H-thymidine (3H-TdR) and cell counting were used to measure GMCs proliferation. GMCs cell-cycle was analyzed by flow cytometry. CyclinD1 and cyclin A2 expression were determined by real-time PCR and Western blotting analysis. ERK1/2 phosphorylation was detected by Western blotting. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) was measured by 2, 7-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFDA) fluorescence. Results (1) Uric acid increased GMCs proliferation in dose-dependent manner compared with the control groups, as assessed by 3H-TdR incorporation and cell counting. GMCs proliferation induced by 300 μmol/L uric acid was increased by more than 1.5-fold assessed by both of the methods. (2) Uric acid decreased cell number in G1/G0 phase and increased cell number in S phase in dosedependent manner, as assessed by flow cytometry. (3) Uric acid iuduced cyclin D1 and cyclin A2 expression in dose-dependent manner. (4)Uric acid increased pospho-ERK1/2 in dose-dependent manner and ERK1/2 specific inhibitor U0126 could suppress uric acid-induced cell proliferation.The inhibition percentage of U0126 was 22% and 31% assassed by cell counting and 3H-TdR incorporation, respectively. (5) Uric acid increased ROS production in dose-dependent manner.NADPH oxidase inhibitor apocynin could also significantly inhibit uric acid-induced ROS production, ERK phosphorylation and cell proliferation. In contrast, rotenone had no effect on them.Conclusion Uric acid can stimulate rat GMCs proliferation, partially by the activation of ERK pathway via NADPH oxidase-derived ROS generation.

Objective To census the preoperative prevalence rate of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and to evaluate the risk factors of DVT in senile osteoporotic hip fractured patients.Methods The object of study were patients aged 60 and above, and osteoporotic hip fracture by low energy injury in 2013.Based on medical records, all the patients with osteoporotic hip fracture were evaluated the signs and symptoms of DVT in 24 h, D-dimer test and underwent Doppler ultrasound screening of bilateral venous system in lower extremity after admission, and all the patients received preoperative prophylactic anticoagulation.Patients with popliteal and proximal level thrombus or floating thrombus underwent inferior vena cava (IVC) filter insertion.Outcome measures: age, gender, fracture type, D-dimer value in 24 h preoperatively, occurrence time of DVT and region, grade of preoperative American Society of Anesthesiologists, preoperative medical diseases.Results 702 of 946 hip fracture inpatients were comprised in this retrospective study.All were not founded any symptom or signs of DVT.All patients were took preoperative Doppler ultrasound screening and the results as follows: 36 of 302 patients (11.9％) with femoral neck fracture were proved preoperative thrombosis(13 male, 23 female), the average age was 72.7 year-old(range from 62-90 year-old), on the same side as the fractured hip in 31 patients, bilateral thrombosis in 5 patients.74 of 400 patients (18.5％) with intertrochanteric fracture were proved preoperative thrombosis(38 male, 36 female), the average age was 76 year-old (range from 60-95 year-old), on the same side as the fractured hip in 68 patients, bilateral thrombosis in 6 patients.The most prevalence rate of DVT were in the first day after osteoporotic hip fracture, 15 patients (41.7％) with femoral neck fracture and 38 patients (51.40％) with intertrochanteric fracture.There were more proximal level and multiple level involment thrombosis over 5 days after injury.The most thrombosis were proven at calf and popliteal vein.Conclusion The prophylaxis of DVT should be started even in the emergency department in senile patient with osteoporotic hip fracture.To avoid the risk factors, early surgery and early postoperative mobilization will be effective.

Objective To investigate the effect of up‐regulation and down‐regulation of HSPC238 on the RB gene mRNA and pRb protein .Methods PcDNA3 .1‐HSPC238 vector and PLL3 .7‐HSPC238 vector was transiently transfected into HepG2 cells re‐spectively .The level of RB mRNA was detected by real‐time PCR and pRb was detected by Western blotting .Results The level of RB mRNA and pRb in up‐regulation group both increased compared with control grops respectively .Conversely ,the level of RB mRNA and pRb in up‐regulation group both decreased compared with control grops respectively .Above results were all statistically significant(P<0 .05) .Conclusion HSPC238 could have a positive effect on the expression of the RB gene .

Objective:To obtain a large amount of erythromycin B and to investigate the activity site in eryK. Methods:The key sequence of the BC loop region in eryK gene was knocked out and the eryK gene with 101 bp deleted was amplified by overlapping PCR,and cloned into vector pWHM3 to construct recombinant plasmid. The Saccharopolyspora erythraea mutant AK17 was constructed through chromosomal homologous recombination technique.Results and Conclusions:The S.erythraea mutant AK17 was constructed. The results of TCL and MS analysis showed that the major fermentation product of AK17 is erythromycin B.

ObjectiveTo analyzing the psychological status of hospitalized patients of internal medicine and its impact factors.Methods Hospitalized patients of internal medicine underwent a survey by using Chinese Health Questionnaire (CHQ-12),Social Support Scale and Disease-Cognition Scale.Those with a score of ＞4 received further investigation of Symptom Check-List 90 (SCL-90).Correlation analysis was performed between all factors of SCL-90 and social support or disease-cognition scale score.Results There was no significant difference of psychological status between males and females ( P ＞0.05 ).All SCL90 factors were negatively correlated with social support,of which obsessive,paranoid,and phobic presented stronger negative correlations with social support and objective support (P ＜ 0.05 ).Furthermore,all factors were negatively correlated with disease-cognition scale score.A significantly negative correlation between phobic factor and disease-cognition scale score was identified ( P ＜ 0.05 ).Improvement was found in 26.2％ patients after intervention.Conclusion Patients tend to show unhealthy emotion when they are under the stress of hospitalization.Hospitalization support system may need to be improved and patients' cognition of disease should be increased.

To study the pharmacokinetics characteristic of loganin, ferulic acid and stilbene glucoside in rat plasma after oral administration of Bushen Tongluo formula. The plasma samples were treated by using liquid-liquid extraction technique, the concentrations were determined by HPLC-UV. Johnson spherigel C18 column (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 μm) was adopted and eluted with the of mobile phase of methanol-water containing 0.01% glacial acetic acid in a gradient mode, with the flow rate at 1.0 mL x min(-1), column temperature at 30 degrees C and injection volume of 10 μL. According to the findings, loganin was determined at 235 nm, ferulic acid and stilbene glucoside were determined at 320 nm, with the sample size of 10 μL. The pharmacokinetic parameters of loganin, ferulic acid and stilbene glucoside were calculated by DAS 2. 0 software as follows: C(max) was (0.369 ± 0.042), (0.387 ± 0.071), (0.233 ± 0.044) mg x L(-1); t(max) was (0.226 ± 0.022), (0.282 ± 0.031), (0.233 ± 0.044) h; t(½β) was (6.89 ± 0.20), (10.73 ± 0.11), (6.93 ± 0.09) h; AUC(0-∞) was (1.91 ± 0.36), (3.22 ± 0.52), (1.52 ± 0.33) mg x h x L(-1); AUCO(0-t) was (1.62 ± 0.33), (2.58 ± 0.43), (1.30 ± 0.30) mg x h x L(-1); CL was (20.2 ± 4.0), (1.39 ± 0.23), (31.7 ± 6.9) L x h(-1) x kg(-1), respectively. The results showed that after the oral administration with Bushen Tongluo formula, loganin, ferulic acid and stilbene glucoside showed concentration-time curves in conformity with the two compartment model, with a rapid absorption, loganin and stilbene glucoside was excreted at a moderate speed, and ferulic acid was excreted slowly (but with the highest bioavailability). Bushen Tongluo formula can main maintain plasma concentration with three administrations everyday and so is suitable to be made into common oral preparation.
Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Biological Availability ; Coumaric Acids ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; analysis ; pharmacokinetics ; Glucosides ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Iridoids ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Stilbenes ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacokinetics

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of serum α-L-fucosidase (AFU)in primary hepatic carcinoma(PHC)by using the meta analysis method.Methods The databases of Cochrane Library,PubMed,web of knowledge(Medline,BIOSIS Pre-views),Springer link and Science Direct were retrieved from January 1997 to December 2013.The domestic databases of CBMdisc (Chinese BioMedical Literature on disc),CNKI,Wangfang and VIP(VIP Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals)were retrieved from January 1984 to December 2013.Retrieval languages were limited to Chinese and English.The related literatures on the study of serum AFU diagnostic value for PHC were collected and the included studies meeting the inclusion criteria were performed the quality assessment.The meta-Disc 1 .4 software was adopted to conduct the analysis for comprehensively evaluating serum AFU value in the diagnosis of PHC.Results 20 articles were included (15 articles in Chinese and 5 articles in English).A total of 2 114 cases in the patients groups and 5 718 cases in the control groups were analyzed.The heterogeneity test was carried out on the in-cluded 20 articles,suggesting that the heterogeneity of the included studies was caused by the non-threshold effect,so the random effects model was selected for conducting the meta-analysis.And the pooled sensitivity was 0.77,the pooled specificity was 0.87, the pooled positive likelihood ratio was 5.37,the pooled negative likelihood ratio was 0.28,the pooled diagnostic odds ratio was 20. 47 and the SROC area under the curve(AUC)was 0.87.Conclusion Serum AFU has highly sensitivity and specificity for the diag-nosis of PHC and has reference value for its clinical diagnosis.

Objective:To construct the recombinant eukaryotic expression vector pCDNA3.1-MT2A and to investigate the cellular localization of MT2A protein in 293T and SMCC7721cell lines.Methods: Gene synthesis method was used to synthetic gene MT2A,added a Kozak sequence and His tag sequence at the N-terminus,the amplified target gene was connected to the pcDNA3.1(+) vector which was double digested between the BamH Ⅰ and Not Ⅰ.After transformation to E.coli DH5α, the positive clones were picked for plasmid extraction then Electrophoretic and sequenced.The pCDNA3.1-MT2A plasmids which passed through electrophoretic and sequenced were transfected 293T and SMMC7721 cell lines by liposome method,and then observed their expression and localization in eukaryotic cells by laser confocal microscopy.Results: The recombinant plasmid pCDNA3.1-MT2A was confirmed by restriction analysis and DNA sequencing,the sequence of the target gene MT2A was entirely correct,eukaryotic expression vector was successfully constructed and cell lines which had transfected recombinants could see the expression of green fluorescent protein in the cytoplasm.Conclusion:Successfully constructed fusion gene of pCDNA3.1-MT2A and expressed in eukaryotic cells,we found that the MT2A was mainly localized in the cytoplasm of 293T and SMMC7721 cell lines.The findings can help us to lay the foundation for the functions of MT2A in hepatoma cells.

To explore the optimized dispatch of the rescue resources based on the mastered resources informa-tion. The objective function was set as the shortest rescue time, and 0-1 programming models were established and solved for the conditions that the number of medical rescue units was more or less than needed by the missions. In the two conditions, the model's calculated results were both optimal, and could be used to obtain the optimal dispatch solutions while the medical rescue time was the shortest. The 0-1 programming model can be effectively used to optimize dispatch strategy for medical rescue team.