Humans ; Kidney ; metabolism ; pathology ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; metabolism ; therapy ; Kidney Transplantation ; Leptin ; metabolism ; Renal Replacement Therapy

Objective To explore the role of miR-184 in Oxygen-Glucose-Deprivation (OGD) induced SK-N-SH cell ischemic injury and its regulation on AKT2 level. Method We used a combination of oxygen and glucose deprivation to imitate ischemic conditions in vivo. MiR-184 mimic and inhibitor were transfected into SK-N-SH cell to alter miR-184 levels. The expression of miR-184 and AKT2 were determined by using Real-time PCR. The extent of SK-N-SH cell survival rate was assessed by thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Result Here, we observed that miR-184 was significantly inhibited in SK-N-SH cell after OGD (P<0.05). The changes of miR-184 level altered the expression of AKT2 mRNA. In addition, alteration of miR-184expressionsignificantly affected cell survival rate after OGD. Conclusion miR-184 plays an important role in ischemic injury through negatively regulating AKT2 level, which may provide a potential therapeutic target for ischemic stroke in miRNA levels.

Objective To assesses the value of the Pipkin fracture classification on the treatment and prognosis of Pipkin fracture. Methods A total of 71 patients with Pipkin fractures treated from January 2002 to January 2007 were followed up and the detailed information of 63 patients were obtained. The clinical and radiographic evaluation criteria of Thompson was employed to evaluate the outcome, analyze the results and discuss the correlation between Pipkin fracture type and prognosis and hence propose the significance of Pipkin classification on the prognosis. Results There was no statistical difference in aspect of the outcome between type Pipkin Ⅰ , Ⅱ injury and type Pipkin Ⅳ injury (types Pipkin Ⅰ and Ⅱ injury combined with minimum fracture, with fragment ＜ 1 cm,P＞0. 05). There showed statistical difference in outcome between types Pipkin Ⅰ , Ⅱ injury and type Pipkin Ⅳ injury (types Pipkin Ⅰ and Ⅱ injury combined with acetabular rim fracture, P ＜0. 05). Conclusions Pipkin fracture classification system needs a further improvement. The type Pipkin Ⅳ injury that is combined with types Pipkin Ⅰ , Ⅱ , Ⅲ injuries with minimum fracture (fragment ＜ 1 cm) of the acetabular rim should be incorporated into types Pipkin Ⅰ ,Ⅱ , Ⅲ injury. Type Pipkin Ⅳ injury refers to types Pipkin Ⅰ ,Ⅱ , Ⅲ injuries, with major fracture of the acetabular rim and the hip joint instability. In addition, the Pipkin fracture type involving the fracture line, femoral neck and intertrochanteric region is hard to treat clinically and has poor prognosis, suggesting that this type of injury should be considered as special type Pipkin Ⅲ injury.

BACKGROUND: Antiviral drugs can reduce the incidence of early-onset cytomegalovirus(CMV)disease,but are associated with strong toxicity and the development of late-onset CMV disease.In order to prevent CMV disease better,cytotoxic T lymphocytes(CTL)may play a critical role in controlling CMV reactivation.Fluorescent HLA-peptide tetramers are used to monitor the recovery of CMV CTL in recipients of allogeneic transplants.OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of HLA-peptide tetramers and adoptive immunotherapy in treating CMV disease.METHODS: A computer-based online search of Pubmed and Wanfang databases was performed for articles related to CTL detection,application of antiviral drugs and HLA-peptide tetramers,and adoptive immunotherapy with key words"HLA-peptide tetramers,cytomegalovirus,specific CTL,adoptive immunotherapy"in English and Chinese.Repetitive articles were excluded and 29 articles were included.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Adoptive immunotherapy with CMVs cytotoxic T cells as preemptive therapy is a very elegant strategy; however,generation of these cells is costly and time-consuming,and therefore the therapy is not available at every transplantation center.Magnetic selection of CMVs CD8+T cells from peripheral blood of CMV-seropositive donors by using HLA-peptide tetramers may be very hopeful,which simplifies adoptive immunotherapy.

Objective: To establish a simple,rapid and novel Rayleigh light scattering(RLS)method for rapid determination of mexiletine hydrochloride in drugs. Methods: In the presence of acid Tris-HCl medium and cetylpyri- dinium bromide,eosin Y reacted with mexiletine hydrochloride to form a ternary ion association complex with two charac- teristic scattering peaks by electrostatic attraction. The detection wavelengths were 368 and 586 nm. There was a linear relationship between the mexiletine hydrochloride concentration in a certain range and the Rayleigh light scattering en- hancement intensity(ΔIRLS)of the association complex. Single-wavelength Rayleigh scattering(SWO-RLS)method or dualwavelength Rayleigh light scattering(DWO-RLS)method was used to determine the content of mexiletine hydrochloride, and the mexiletine hydrochloride content was calculated according to the regression equation of standard curve. Results: The linear ranges of mexiletine hydrochloride were 0.005-0.65 mg/L(SWO-RLS method,368 nm),0.004-0.65 mg/L (SWO-RLS method,586 nm)and 0.004-0.65 mg/L(DWO-RLS method,368 nm+586 nm),respectisely. Detection lim- its were 0.0033(SWO-RLS method,368 nm),0.0040(SWO-RLS method,586 nm)and 0.0018 mg/L(DWO-RLS method, 368 nm+586 nm),respectisely. The recovery and relative standard deviation(RSD,n=5)for a SWO-RLS method were 98.6-103% and 1.4-1.8%,respectively(SWO-RLS method,368 nm). Conclusion: The method is simple,rapid, highly sensitive and high selectie.

Objective To investigate the appropriate and pragmatic drainage after the breast cancer by radi- cal surgery.Methods 120 patients treated by the radical surgery from July 2003 to July 2005,were divided into the experimental group(ring-like double tubes with negative pressure drainage) and the control group(armpit single tube drainage with pressure bind).The differences between the two groups were analyzed in the same period,respectively sixty cases.Results The outflow of the first three days after operation in the experimental group was more than that in control group(P0.05).The incidence of sinoma and incision delaying healing in experimental group was lower than that in con- trol group(P

Objective To explore the effect of electroacupuncture on CD 34 +VEGFR2 +endothelial progenitor cell (EPC)-derived vessels and stromal cell-derived factor-1α(SDF-1α)/CXCR4, and study its mechanism of promoting an-giogenesis in hippocampus after focal cerebral ischemia /reperfusion .Methods A total of 180 healthy male adult Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into sham operation (sham) group, model (I/R) group, electroacupuncture (I/RE) group, I/RE plus AMD3100 (A specific antagonist of CXCR4) group (I/REA) and AMD3100 (I/RA) group. The rats received filament occlusion of the right middle cerebral artery for 2 hours followed by reperfusion .Electroacupunc-ture was applied to “Baihui” (GV20)/“Siguan” (Hegu LI 4/Taichong LR 3) acupoints for 30 min, once a day.The mR-NA expression of SDF-1αand CXCR4 were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction ( RT-PCR) .Double immunofluorescence was used to stain CD 34 +VEGFR2 +EPC-derived vessels.Results Compared with the sham group, the mRNA expressions of SDF-1αand CXCR4 were significantly upregulated in I/R and I/RE group ( P<0.05 ) , but that in I/RE group was more significantly increased than I/R group(P<0.05).In addition, the mRNA expression of SDF-1αand CXCR4 were highly increased on day 1 in the I/REA group than that of I/RE group, but decreased than that of I/RE group on day 7 after reperfusion (P<0.01).CD34 +VEGFR2 +EPCs-derived vessels were obviously increased on 3d and 7d in the I/RE group compared with that of the I/R group, and significantly decreased on 7d in the I/REA group compared with that of the I/RE group ( P<0.01) .Conclusions Electroacupuncture can effectively promote an-giogenesis through upregulating the expression of SDF-1αand CXCR4 in rat ischemic hippocampus after focal cerebral is-chemia/reperfusion.

BACKGROUND:It is important to establish an ideal mouse model of severe aplastic anemia for investigating the mechanism and finding new therapies for aplastic anemia. OBJECTIVE:To establish a severe aplastic anemia mouse model by using recombinant human interferon-γand busulfan. METHODS:Sixty healthy Kunming female mice were randomly divided into two groups:model group (n=50) and control group (n=10). The model group was given recombinant human interferon-γat a dose of 1×104 U/d by intraperitoneal injection and busulfan at a dose of 18 mg/(kg·d) through stomach feeding for 7 days. The same volume of physiological saline was given to control group. Multi-parameters, including general condition, body weight, blood cellcount, morphology and biopsy of bone marrow were analyzed in two groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:At day 7 after treatment, the weight, white blood cellcount, hemoglobin, blood platelet, reticulocyte count in model group were significantly lower than control group (P<0.05). Bone marrow smears and biopsy of model group showed marked reduction of bone marrow proliferation and increases of percentages of non-hematopoietic cellclusters and adipose tissue. The oil drop and fat vacuole were apparently seen in the model group. Severe aplastic anemia mouse model can be established by using recombinant human interferon-γand busulfan successful y, which is economic, stable and easy to operate.

BACKGROUND:Umbilical cord as childbirth waste has wide variety of sources and can be easily obtained, without any ethical and legal restrictions. Therefore, human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells break al the restrictions originated from other sources of mesenchymal stem cells. OBJECTIVE:To review the application of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in cartilage diseases, neuroglioma, ischemic brain injury, lung disease, liver disease and models of myocardial infarction. METHODS:The PubMed and Wanfang databases were searched by the first author using the keywords of“human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells, disease models, celltherapy”in English and Chinese, respectively. Seventy-three articles were searched and final y, 35 articles were included in result analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells have multilineage differentiation capacity similar to bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Compared with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells have lower immunogenicity. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells show certain curative effects on cartilage disease, neuroglioma, ischemic brain injury, lung disease, liver disease and myocardial infarction, indicating that human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells can be used for celltransplantation to treat various diseases.

Objective To analyze the clinical and pathological characteristics of 35 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with bile duct tumor thrombi (BDTT),and to investigate the expressions of CD133,CD90,EpCAM,CK19,VEGF,and C-kit in the tumor tissues.Methods 35 HCC patients with BDTT out of 943 HCC patients who underwent surgical treatment were studied.The expressions of biomarkers in tissue specimens were determined by immunohistochemistry.35 HCC patients without BDTT were selected using the method of stratified sampling as a control group.Results In 19 of 35 patients,the diameters of the primary tumor were less than 5 cm (range 0 ～ 17 cm,average 6.9 ± 0.7 cm).When compared to the control group,most of the primary tumors were moderately to lowly differentiated (33/35,94％ vs 18/ 35,51％),had incomplete capsules (18/35,51％ vs 3/35,8％) and micro vascular invasion (29/35,83％ vs 7/35,20％).The positive expression rates of CD90,EpCAM,CK19,VEGF,CD133,and C-kit in the group of patients with HCC with BDTT and in the control group were 82.9％,77.1％,71.4％,85.7％,80.0％,80.0％ and 57.1％,54.3％,34.3％,65.7％,54.3％,51.4％,respectively.The 1-,2-,3-year postoperative survival rates of the HCC patients with BDTT were 69％,37％,20％ respectively which were worse than the HCC patients without BDTT (1-,2-,3-year postoperative survival rates were 88％,72％,62％ respectively,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The prognosis of HCC patients with BDTT was worse than HCC patients without BDTT.The expressions of liver stem cell biomarkers in the tumor specimens of the group of HCC patients with BDTT were higher than the control group.These findings prompt that this kind of HCC originate from liver stem ceils.