OBJECTIVE:To optimize the formulation and preparation technology of podophyllotoxin derivative(5-FPE) liposomes.METHODS:A thin film-ultrasonic dispersion method was used to prepare the 5-FPE liposomes.Orthogonal experiment was performed to optimize its best formulation and preparation technology with entrapment efficiency as the evaluation index;meanwhile,the entrapment efficiency,drug-loading amount,morphology,particle size distribution,Zeta electric potential and stabilities of the liposomes within 10 days' storing at 25 ℃ or 4 ℃ were investigated.RESULTS:The optimal formulation and prepariton technology of the liposomes has been established in our study.3 batches of liposomes prepared in the optimal conditions had a mean entrapment efficiency of 66.45%,a mean drug-loading amount of 7.97%,mean particle size of 284.7 nm and mean Zeta electric potential of-22.15 mV.The entrapment efficiency of the liposomes decreased more after storing for 10 days at 25 ℃ than at 4 ℃.CONCLUSION:The optimal formulation and preparation technology of 5-FPE liposomes are feasible and which serve as a basis for the further study of 5-FPE preparations.

Great achievements have been made on researches about Chinese Medicine education in modern Jiangsu Provice, which includes Shanghai and Nanjing before the year 1927. Through the researches, not only have volumes of valuable historical materials been saved and reorganized, but also plentiful academic achievements of high levels have been gained. However, generally speaking, the research work is not perfect enough. Much more progress can be made by further mining the historical materials, applying researh methods, developing different perspectives and so on.

Objective To analyze diagnosis and management of traumatic atlantal fractures complicated with disruption of the transverse atlantal ligament. Methods Twenty-six patients with traumatic atlantal fractures complicated with disruption of the transverse atlantal ligament, 20 acute ones and six old ones, were managed in our department from March 1995 to March 2005. All the patients had the symptom of neck pain and a certain extent of neurological deficits. The radiographic examination showed that there were fractures in the anterior arch or/and lateral mass of the atlas and that the atlanto-dental interval (ADI) in these patients was 4 to 7 mm. Twenty-one cases were operated on with occipitocervical or atlantoaxial fusion immediately after injury. Five cases received conservative treatment. Results All were followed up for 15 (from 6 to 24) months on average. The 21 cases treated operatively reported relieved symptoms. Four of the five conservative treatments succeeded, but one of them underwent a successful atlantoaxial fusion because the original conservative treatment had failed. Conclusions The severity of clinical symptoms mostly depends on the degrees of atlantal displacement and cord compression. Diagnosis should be made on the basis of the ADI change as well as clinical presentations. For patients who have potential risk of atlantoaxial instability, occipitocervical or atlantoaxial,usion should be performed early.

Objective To observe effect of astragalus injection on levels of blood selenium,T cell immunity function and cytokines with viral myocarditis in children. Methods Fourty two patients with viral myocarditis in children, receiving the therapy of Astragalus injection Observing the levels of blood selenium and cytokine, including interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-?),and including estimation of T lymphocyte subsets and cardiac function too. Results The result showed that in post-treatment, the levels of blood selenium were significantly higher (P

Animals ; Hypoxia ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ; genetics ; metabolism ; Male ; Muscle, Skeletal ; metabolism ; Myostatin ; genetics ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of serum proadrenomedullin( pro-ADM)in catheter related blood stream infection( CRBSI). Methods Prospective diagnostic test was performed with 76 cases patients with clinically suspected diagnosis of CRBSI,and the patients were divided into CRBSI group( n=25)and non-CRBSI group. Serum pro-ADM,procalcitonin( PCT),C-reactive protein( CRP)and white blood cell( WBC)levels were measured at the study entry and on the day of CRBSI suspicion. Results On the day of CRBSI suspicion,the levels of pro-ADM,PCT,CRP and WBC in the CRBSI group were(5. 17 ± 1. 28)nmol/L, 2. 29(1. 47-4. 28)μg/L,(102. 04 ± 51. 00)μg/L and(14. 66 ± 5. 09)× 109/L respectively,significantly higher than those in the non-CRBSI group((2. 83 ± 1. 25)nmol/L,2. 29(1. 4-4. 28)μg/L,(61. 43 ± 53. 52) mg/L and(11. 78 ± 3. 52)× 109/L respectively;t or Z=7. 636,-4. 777,3. 156,2. 882;P﹤0. 05). For the diagnosis of CRBSI,the area under the curve(AUC)of pro-ADM,PCT,CRP and WBC were 0. 89(95%CI 0. 82-0. 97),0. 84(95%CI 0. 75-0. 93),76(95%CI 0. 65-0. 86)and 0. 68(0. 54-0. 81)respectively. Taking pro-ADM with 4. 31 nmol/L as the cutoff value,the sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 76. 0%,84. 3%,70. 4% and 87. 8% respectively. Simultaneously,taking procalcitonin with 1. 52 μg/L as the cutoff value, the sensitivity and specificity was 81. 8% and 87. 0%respectively. Conclusion Serum level of pro-ADM in the diagnosis of CRBSI has good specificity. Simultaneous surveillance of serum pro-ADM and PCT may be helpful for the diagnosis of CRBSI in the early stage.

Angiofibroma ; Angiomyoma ; Ear Auricle ; blood supply ; Ear Neoplasms ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVE:To improve the content determination for polygala xanthone Ⅲ in Polygalae Radix contained in Chi-nese Pharmacopoeia (2010 edition). METHODS:HPLC was performed on the column of Hypersil BDS C18 with mobile phase of acetonitrile-0.05% phosphoric acid(gradient elution)at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min;detection wavelength was 320 nm,column tem-perature was 25℃,and the injection volume was 10μl. RESULTS:The linear range of polygala xanthoneⅢwas 0.029-0.928 μg/ml (r=0.999 1);RSDs of precision,stability and reproducibility tests were lower than 2.0%;recovery was 94.66%-100.90%(RSD=2.46%,n=6). CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple,stable and reproducible. Although the determination time is prolonged,it has improved the accuracy and it is more suitable for the content determination of polygala xanthoneⅢin Polygalae Radix.

Objective To discuss the risk factors of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in intensive care unit(ICU).Methods From January 2008 to June 2010,the clinical data of 145 patients with mechanical ventilation over 48 hours in ICU were analyzed prospectively,and the effect was observed.Results There were a total of 53 patients with VAP,and the incidence was 36.6％ (53/145).Thirty-three cases died,and the fatality rate was higher than that in non-VAP patients [62.3％ (33/53) vs.30.4％ (28/92)],and there was significant difference (P ＜0.05).Related factors analysis results showed that indwelling gastric tube,the use of antiacids,mechanical ventilation time,nutritional status,age ≥ 60 years and chronic diseases were the risk factors of VAP (P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01).Conclusion VAP has many risk factors and higher fatality rate in ICU,and comprehensive prevention measures should be adopted to prevent the occurrence of VAP.