Background Researches showed that the incidence rate of cataract is high in the nickel mining area. Nickel sulphate can apparently inhibit the metabolism and proliferation of human lens epithelium cells. But the study on the injury mechanism of nickel on lens is still seldom. Objective Present study was to investigate the effect of nickel sulphate on the lens of SD rats. Methods Forty-five SPF SD rats aged from 7 to 14 days were grouped randomly into subcutaneous injection group, intraperitoneal injection group and blank group. Nickel sulphate of 2 g/L ( 10 mg/kg) was subcutaneously or intraperitonealy injected for 45 days. The opacity of rat lens was examined under the slit lamp at two-week interval and scored based on the criteria of LOCS II and LOCS III. The rats were sacrificed in 45 days after experiment and the lens were obtained for the pathological examination. Result The mean score of the anterior subcapsule opacity of rat lens was obviously higher in subcutaneous injection group compared with blank control group with a significant difference between them (t= 14. 311, P < 0. 05 ) , but no significant difference in the anterior subcapsule opacity between intraperitoneal injection group and blank control group (t = 4. 355 , P>0. 05 ). The score of posterior subcapsule opacity of lens were evidently higher in both subcutaneous injection group and intraperitoneal injection group than the blank control group (t = 9. 316,P = 0. 004;t = 7. 464, P = 0. 009) ,so was the mean score of the anterior +posterior subcapsule opacities(t = 23. 387,P=0. 000;t= 10. 533,P = 0. 002) and the total score of rat lens opacity ( t = 12. 358 , P = 0. 001; t = 10. 188 , P = 0. 003 ) . No significant differences were found in cortex opacity score and nuclear opacity score among three groups ( P > 0.05 ). Histopathology examination revealed that the degeneration of lens collagen protein was more serious in subcutaneous injection group and intraperitoneal injection group than the blank control group,and the injury degree of lens collagen protein was more dominant in subcutaneous injection group. Conclusion System administration of nickel sulphate induced the injury of anterior and posterior subcapsule of lens in SD rat.

Objective:To investigate the effects of estradiol on ~(60)Co?-ray induced apoptosis of bone marrow hematopoietic cells of mice,and to discuss the related anti-irradiation mechanism.Methods:KM mice were randomly divided into 3 groups(15 mice/each group):control group(without radiation),pure radiation group and estradiol+radiation group(ER group).The pure radiation group was irradiated by 4.0 Gy?-ray at a dose rate of 1.15Gy/min;the ER group was administered with 0.1 mg estradiol(IM)at 10 days before 4.0 Gy?-ray radiation;and the control group received no special treatment.The apoptotic DNA segments of bone marrow hematopoietic cells were analyzed by DNA agarose gel electrophoresis;flow cytometry was used to examine the apoptosis rate of cells and expression of Fas and Bcl-2 at 4 h,8 h,and 12 h after irradiation.Results:Eight hours after radiation,the apoptotic DNA segments were obviously increased and apoptotic DNA ladder appeared,which was not seen in the other 2 groups.The apoptosis rate of bone marrow hematopoietic cells in ER group was significantly lower than that in the pure radiation group at 4,8,and 12 h after irradiation(P

An autopsy case of sudden death induced by alimentary tract hemorrhage was presented, which was caused by the unexpected rupture of clinically unrecognized tuberculous abdominal aortic aneurysm (TAAA). The initial diagnosis was made of the syndrome of coronary heart disease and hypertensive disease. The detailed autopsy showed that the alimentary tract hemorrhage was caused by a sudden rupture of the mass after posture changing was ascertained as the cause of death. The diagnosis of TAAA was determined by the autopsy findings. Analysis for the medical dispute of TAAA was described, and the difficulty of the diagnosis and medico-legal implications were also discussed.
Aneurysm, Ruptured/diagnosis* ; Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/diagnosis* ; Autopsy ; Death, Sudden ; Hemorrhage/etiology* ; Humans ; Tuberculosis/diagnosis*

OBJECTIVETo investigate the evaluation method for self-emulsifying drug delivery system of volatile oil from rhizome of Ligusticum chuanxiong (VOC SEDDS).

METHODThe self-emulsifying ability, the efficiency of self-emulsification, the properties of emulsion, the dissolution of volatile oil from Rhizome of Ligusticum Chuanxiong and the stability of the emulsion were determined.

RESULTThe optimized formulation can fully emulsify in 5 min and the particle sizes were around 102 nm. Zeta potential was about -30 mV. The O/W emulsions were stable through centrifugation with high reproducibility. In vitro dissolution test indicated that over 80% of drug dissolved in 30 min and VOC SEDDS was stable under light and high temperature in 10 d.

CONCLUSIONVOC SEDDS has strong self-emulsifying ability, fine stability and high dissolution rate in vitro.

Drug Compounding ; methods ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Drug Stability ; Emulsions ; Light ; Ligusticum ; chemistry ; Oils, Volatile ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Particle Size ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Rhizome ; chemistry ; Solubility ; Surface-Active Agents ; chemistry ; Temperature ; Time Factors

OBJECTIVETo identify the effective stress management strategies among the Chinese.

METHODSThe sample was selected from Hangzhou, Guangzhou, Chongqing and Taiyuan by using a multi-stage sampling procedure, including 3679 subjects. The data were collected using the household interviewing survey method. The Chinese perceived stress scales (CPSS) measured stress. Stress management strategies included the cognitive and behavioral ones, the former were further divided into positive, neutral and negative ones and the latter were divided into three kinds, i.e. looking for support, liberating and displacing, and relaxing and detracting. The frequency of their usage and their perceived effectiveness were assessed. Multivariable analysis was used to examine the association between various stress management strategies and stress.

RESULTSThe prevalence of health risk stress (HRS) was 44.54% (95% CI: 42.90% - 46.12%). Among the cognitive strategies, all the positive strategies and one of neutral strategies ("Suiyuan") were associated with lower HRS, and the rest of them had no effects. Among the behavioral strategies, all were associated with lower HRS except that of looking for support.

CONCLUSIONThe effective stress management strategies identified in this study might be used to develop a stress management program.

Adult ; China ; epidemiology ; Educational Status ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupations ; Psychology, Social ; Sampling Studies ; Social Behavior ; Social Environment ; Stress, Psychological ; epidemiology ; psychology ; therapy ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Urban Population

OBJECTIVETo establish a stable cell line that can replicate hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA carrying the reverse transcriptase sequence derived from a clinical isolate.

METHODSNested PCR was used to amplify the HBV DNA fragment from the serum. The fragment was cloned into a plasmid that can support HBV replication in vitro by fragment substitution reaction (FSR), followed by the cloning of the neomycin expressing fragment downstream from HBV DNA. G418 selection was conducted after the transfection of HepG2 cells with the recombinant DNA. Real-time PCR and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to screen stable cell lines that can replicate HBV DNA, and the replication of HBV DNA by the cell line was confirmed by using Southern blot analysis.

RESULTSFragment nt55-1654 amplified from the serum DNA was substituted to the plasmid pLL, generating the plasmid p11. The neomycin fragment was cloned into p11, leading to the plasmid p11-neo, and p11-neo was confirmed to be HBV-replication-competent. A stable cell line named 3-10 that can replicate HBV DNA was obtained.

CONCLUSIONSA stable cell line was established that can replicate HBV DNA carrying the reverse transcriptase sequence derived from a clinical isolate. Real-time PCR plus ELISA may help to rapidly screen out stable cell lines replicating HBV DNA.

Cell Line ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA Replication ; DNA, Viral ; biosynthesis ; Genetic Vectors ; Hep G2 Cells ; Hepatitis B virus ; genetics ; Hepatocytes ; cytology ; virology ; Humans ; Plasmids ; RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase ; genetics ; Virus Replication ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo investigate the biomechanical stability of the acetabular fracture with three different internal fixation methods.

METHODSSixteen both-column acetabular fracture models were randomly divided into three groups:The specimens of 16 hip joints were randomly divided into 4 groups. Among them, 1 group of complete acetabulum were used as normal control group, and the other 3 groups simulated two column fracture models and were fixed in the following methods, respectively: anterior wall with screw and posterior with plate(SP), anterior wall with plate and posterior wall with screw(PS) and both wall with plate (PP). The degree of fracture displacement and the contact characteristics of the acetabulum were recorded by continuous vertical loading.

RESULTSThe mean longitudinal displacement under the load 800 N of SP, PS and PP three groups were (1.92±0.81), (2.09±1.13) and (3.44±0.75) mm, there was significant difference between SP and PP group (0.033). And the mean horizontal displacement of SP, PS and PP three groups were(0.63±0.33), (0.77±0.45) and (1.44±0.56) mm, there was significant difference between SP and PP group(0.047).Compared with normal control group in the acetabular area under the loading 800 N, the contact area of SP, PS and PP groups were increased by 6%, 9% and 27%, there was significant difference between PP and normal control group (0.027). Meanwhile, the mean stress of SP, PS and PP groups were increased by 4%, 29% and 39%, there was significant difference between PP and intact acetabulum group (0.003).

CONCLUSIONSAnterior column screw combined with posterior column plate has better biomechanical stability and contact characteristics than other two methods.

BACKGROUNDMesh reconstruction has been proved to be an effective method in incisional hernia repairment. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of reconstructing the pelvic floor with the high-inlay expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) GORE-TEX Dual Mesh (WLGore And Associates, Flagstuff, USA) in abdominoperineal resection.

METHODSSixty patients who underwent abdominoperineal resection for rectal cancer were assigned to 2 groups. The pelvic peritoneum was closed by routine sutures in group 1 and reconstructed with ePTFE in group 2. Postoperative complications and related items were evaluated and the patients were followed up.

RESULTSTime of confining to bed, bowel function recovery, fasting, and detaining drainage were significantly different between two groups (P < 0.05). In group 1, three patients developed bowel obstruction (10%), while no bowel obstruction was observed in group 2.

CONCLUSIONReconstruction of the pelvic floor using ePTFE results in quicker postoperative recovery and could decrease the risk of postoperative intestinal obstruction.

Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pelvic Floor ; surgery ; Polytetrafluoroethylene ; chemistry ; Postoperative Complications ; Prospective Studies ; Surgical Mesh ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo study the feasibility and the characteristics of recombinant baculovirus as spiral ganglion cells (SGC) gene transfer vector.

METHODSAfter the generation of baculovirus- green fluorescent protein( Bac-GFP) according to Bac-to-Bac baculovirus expression system, SGC were infected by Bac-GFP with different multiplicities of infection (MOI) and different concentrations of sodium butyrate. The transfection cell rate and mean fluorescence strength (MFS) were detected by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. Toxicity effects of recombinant baculovirus vectors and sodium butyrate on SGC were determined by spectroscopic measurement of 3-(4, 5)-dimethylthiahiazo (-z-y1)-3, 5-diphenytetrazoliumromide (MTF).

RESULTSBaculovirus was able to infect primary SGC cultures. The dose-response characteristics of Bac-GFP were determined on SGC, and the expression level could be up-regulated by sodium butyrate. Infection with Bac-GFP in the absence or presence of sodium butyrate (< or =10 mmol/L) was considered to be non-cytotoxic to primary SGC. GFP had been expressed in SGC at 6 h post-infection and the highest numbers of cells expressing GFP were observed at approximately 48 h post-infection.

CONCLUSIONSBaculovirus is a novel and promising tool for gene transferring into the cochlear nervous system both for studies of the function of foreign genes and the development of gene therapy strategies.

Animals ; Baculoviridae ; genetics ; Cells, Cultured ; Gene Transfer Techniques ; Genetic Vectors ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; genetics ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Spiral Ganglion ; cytology ; Transfection

OBJECTIVETo investigate device implanted complications and corresponding therapeutic strategies of Coflex interspinous dynamic stabilization system for lumbar spine intraoperatively and postoperatively.

METHODSFrom September 2008 to August 2010, 133 cases of degenerative disease of lumbar spine including 62 males and 71 females, ranging from 35 to 81 years of age (mean 60.8 years), underwent or planed to be underwent decompression with Coflex interspinous dynamic stabilization system were reviewed retrospectively, and 13 cases including 6 males and 7 females, ranging from 41 to 71 years of age (mean 58.6 years), occurred device implanted complications. The Coflex implanted complications were analyzed, and therapeutic strategies according to different character were carried out, scores of visual analogue scale (VAS), Oswestry disability index(ODI) and effect-related data preoperatively, postoperatively, after conservative treatment and in final follow-up were evaluated with paired-samples t test.

RESULTSThirteen cases of Coflex implanted complications and treatment applied included: 3 cases occurred fracture of spinous processes intraoperatively were treated by pedicle screws instead; 2 cases occurred fracture of spinous processes postoperatively or during follow-up, including 1 case underwent revision with pedicle screws, another 1 case treated with conservative treatment; 4 cases with degenerative coronal spondylolysis in surgical segments, 1 case with sagittal instability preoperatively, and 1 case with device dislodgment in follow-up all suffered aggravated pain and received conservative treatment; 1 case suffered implanted malposition intraoperatively was underwent internal fixation with pedicle screws instead; at length, 1 case with aggravated pain postoperatively and without definite reason received revision with internal fixation of pedicle screws demolishing the Coflex. The follow-up time of 13 cases ranged from 20 to 38 months (mean 27.6 months); and 7 cases implanted Coflex with aggravated pain of lumbar and lower limb, but the position of device can still maintained, were received conservative treatment, and whose score of VAS and ODI in the final follow-up were 1.9 ± 0.7 and 23.2 ± 3.4, and comparing to 6.1 ± 1.1 and 58.1 ± 3.0 preoperatively, evident improvement was got finally (t = 8.2 and 18.2, P < 0.01). Scores of VAS and ODI of 2 cases with Coflex implanted complications underwent revision with pedicle screws were also improved correspondingly.

CONCLUSIONSCoflex interspinous dynamic stabilization system implanted should be avoided to cases who suffered with osteoporosis, too narrow interspinous space and intervertebral coronal spondylolysis or sagittal instability; and choice of device, depth of implantation and intensity of clumping should be appropriate. For patients with symptom but device still in right position, conservative treatment can be carried out; but for patients subjected to malposition of device, failure of implantation intraoperatively or intolerance to device, revisions and salvages should be underwent with internal fixation of pedicle screws.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Internal Fixators ; adverse effects ; Intervertebral Disc Degeneration ; surgery ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Fusion ; adverse effects ; instrumentation ; methods ; Treatment Outcome