Objective　To evaluate low magnetic field MRI findings for diagnosis of bronchogenic carcinoma.Methods　Conventional MRI of surgical-patholo-gically confimed bronchogenic carcioma(132 cases)were analysed.Results　The carcinomatous masses have generally middle signal intensity with homogeneous appearance on T1W images,and high signal intensity with heterogenous appearance on T2W images.MRI is an efficient modality to show the hilar and mediastinal lymph node metastases,pleural effusions and carcinmatous invasions of the great vessel,the bronchus,the pleura,the chest wall,and pericardium.It is possible to distinguish mass from obstuctive lesion on MRI.Conclusion　Accrding to the mentioned sign and the morphological features of the carcinomatous masses,primary diagnosis of bronchogenic carcinoma can be made on MRI.

Administration, Inhalation ; Humans ; Respiratory Therapy

BACKGROUND:At present, the common filing materials used to correct secondary unilateral cleft lip nasal deformity include conchae cartilage, costal cartilage, Medpor implants, expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE), alogenic acelular dermal matrix. OBJECTIVE:To analyze the therapeutic effects of comprehensive procedures with alogenic acelular dermal matrix or ePTFE for secondary unilateral cleft lip nasal deformity. METHODS: Thirty-six patients with secondary unilateral cleft lip nasal deformity were enroled, including 19 males and 17 females, aged 15-32 years. Alogenic acelular dermal matrix (n=22) or ePTFE (n=14) was used to correct nasal base colapse deformities. Anthropometry method was employed to make measurements. Fixed-point measurement was performed based on patient's pictures before and after correction. Long-term effects of these two kinds of filing materials were analyzed and assessed objectively and quantitatively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After the folow-up of 6 months, al the patients were satisfied with their results, and no infection and no exposure occurred. The treatment effect of the alogenic acelular dermal matrix group was excelent in 16 cases and good in 6 cases; there were 10 cases of excelent and 4 cases of good in the ePTFE group. The objective indicators in the two groups were al improved at 6 months after correction (P < 0.05), but there was no difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). These findings indicate that alogenic acelular dermal matrix or ePTFE is useful to correct secondary unilateral cleft lip nasal deformity.

BACKGROUND:Traumatic auricle defectsin upper 1/2 or lower 1/2,seriously involve theauricular cartilage and skin blood vessels. The autogenic rib cartilage graft and acelular dermal matrix have good histocompatibility, and expanded flapis a kind of thin and achromatic tissue for skin defect repair. OBJECTIVE:To explore theapplication ofacelular dermal matrix and expanded flap in half auricular reconstruction,and to find out the fine carving and anastomosis of autogenic rib cartilage graftas wel as its similarities with the ear and clinical significance. METHODS:Eight cases of half auricular defects were treated with expanded flap, autogenic rib cartilage graft, fine anastomosisofautogenic rib cartilage graft and residual earfor half auricular reconstruction,during which theacelular dermal matrixwas usedto promote residual ear docking and skul auricle angle formation. The reconstructionwasperformed in three stages:first,anexpander(volume, 80mL)wassubcutaneously implanted attheretro-auricular area;second, the auricular defects were reconstructed with fine rib cartilage graft, acelular dermal matrix and auriculoplasty;finaly, acelular dermal matrixwas usedto promote residual ear docking. Thenthehalf auricular reconstructionwas evaluatedby objective measurement and subjective rating. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Half auricular reconstruction was successful in al the eight caseswithout obvious complications, and the cartilage grafts were in good condition.During thefolow-up,thereconstructed auriclewasshapedwel andformed a good involution withtheresidualauricle. In addition, the flange was smooth withoutobviouscolor difference and edema, and its position, size and shape were consistent with those of thecontralateralone. Afterthefolow-up of 6 months, objective indicators showed that the affected side had no significant differencefromthe contralateralone(P> 0.05). In conclusion,theacelular dermal matrixcanobviously decrease the complications of the cartilage grafts andcontributeto agood shaped auricle;and half auricular reconstructionby expanded flap, autogenic rib cartilage graft,andfine anastomosis of autogenic rib cartilage graftcanachieve significant clinical effects.

Objective To learn the present status of defluoridation water improvement project in Shanxi province in order to provide scientific basis for speeding up the prevention and control of endemic fluorosis.Methods According to "The National Technical Scheme for Endemic Disease Control" from 2005 to 2009, the investigation points were selected in the counties that implemented the measures of water improvement and defluoridation,the status of drinking water defluoridation Project was investigated, and the water fluoride levels were determined by fluoride selective ion electrode. Results The primary status was surveyed in 1658 water improvement and defluoridation projects in 51 counties. The resource of drinking water for water improvement and defluoridation projects was mostly ground water[accounting for 93.12% (1544/1658)]. Among 1658 water improvement and defluoridation projects 1405 projects worked well(accounting for 84.74%) and 190 projects intermittently worked (accounting for 11.46%). Sixty three projects abandoned (accounting for 3.80%), in Datong basin the abandoned projects accounted for 36.36% (12/33). Water fluoride content of 1595 water improvement and defluoridation projects had been determined, among them water fluoride content of 874 projects were above 1.0 mg/L (accounting for 54.80%). The situations of exceeded national standard in the five basins was different(H = 33.22,P ＜ 0.01). The rate of over national standard of fluoride levels in drinking water was 88.37%(38/43) in Datong basin. Therefore, in Datong basin water improvement should be strengthened. Conclusions In Shanxi province the water improvement and defluoridation projects are basically running normally. However, the qualified rate is lower for the water improvement and defluoridation projects. The water improvement status varies dramatically among areas.The situation is still grim in Shanxi province. Water improvement and defluoridation needs to be strengthened to improve the effect of prevention and control of the disease.

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of Salvianolate on myosin heavy chain (MHC) in cardiomyocytes of congestive heart failure (CHF) rats.

METHODSSixty male SD rats were divided into 6 groups according to random digit table, i.e., the normal control group (NCG), the model group, the Captopril group (CAG), the low dose Salvianolate group (LSG), the high dose Salvianolate group (HSG), the Captopril and high dose Salvianolate group (CSG), 10 in each group. CHF rat model was established with peritoneal injection of adriamycin in all rats except those in the NCG. Equal volume of normal saline was peritoneally injected to rats in the NCG, once per week for 6 successive weeks. Corresponding medication was started from the 5th week of injecting adriamycin. Rats in the CAG were administered with Captopril solution at the daily dose of 10 mg/kg by gastrogavage. Rats in the LSG and the HSG were administered with Salvianolate solution at the daily dose of 24.219 mg/kg and 48.438 mg/kg respectively by gastrogavage. Salvianolate was dissolved in 2 mL 5% glucose solution and administered by peritoneal injection. Rats in the CSG were peritoneally injected with high dose Salvianolate solution and administered with Captopril solution by gastrogavage. Two mL normal saline was peritoneally injected to rats in the model group, once per day for 8 successive weeks. Eight weeks later, the cardiac function and myocardial hypertrophy indices were detected by biological signal collecting and processing system. mRNA expression levels of alpha-MHC and beta-MHC in cardiac muscle were detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR. Expressions of protein kinase C (PKC) in cardiac muscle were detected by Western blot.

RESULTSCompared with the normal control group, heart mass index (HMI) and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) obviously increased in the model group (P < 0.01). Compared with the model group, HMI and LVMI decreased in HSG, CAG, and CSG groups (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). It was more obviously lowered in the CSG group than in the CAG group (P < 0.05). Compared with the NCG, the mRNA expression level of alpha-MHC in cardiac muscle decreased, the mRNA expression level of p-MHC and the expression of PKC in cardiac muscle increased in the model group (P < 0.01). Compared with the model group, the mRNA expression level of alpha-MHC in cardiac muscle was increased, and the mRNA expression level of beta-MHC and the expression of PKC in cardiac muscle were decreased in HSG, CAG, and CSG groups (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). There was statistical difference between the CSG group and the CAG group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSSalvianolate could up-regulate the mRNA expression level of alpha-MHC, and down-regulate the mRNA expression level of beta-MHC in cardiac muscle. Its mechanism might be related to decreasing the expression of PKC.

Animals ; Captopril ; Doxorubicin ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Heart Failure ; metabolism ; Male ; Myocardium ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Myosin Heavy Chains ; metabolism ; Plant Extracts ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective To assess the effectiveness of absorbable screws and metallic devices for treating tibial plateau fractures.Methods Fifty-seven cases of tibial plateau fractures were treated with internal fixation using absorbable screws(Group A),cannulated screws(Group B)and condylar buttress plates(Group C)in our hospital.According to Schatzker classification,there were 15 cases with typeⅠfractures,21 with typeⅡ,nine with typeⅢand 12 with typeⅣ,who were followed up for 6-51 months. Statistical analysis was performed to compare bone union and functional restoration of the knee between three groups.Results Bone union was achieved in all cases.Based on Merchant scale for knee func- tion,excellence rate was 84%(16/19)for Group A,92%(11/12)for Group B and 85%(22/26) for Group C,with no significant statistical difference.Conclusion Absorbable screws is as effective as metallic devices for treating tibial plateau fractures and has advantages of minimal invasion,few complica- tions and avoiding secondary operation.

Objective To obtain elastic modulus through displacement of the ear structure. Methods The finite element model (FEM) of human ear structure based on Patran software was constructed and the neural network for inverse derivative of elastic modulus for the ear was established using Matlab software. The frequency response of the ear structure FEM was calculated to obtain the displacements of tympanic membrane and stapes. The displacements acting as input data of training samples and the corresponding elastic modulus acting as output data were used to train the neural network. Results The elastic modulus was inversely derived by adopting this mature neural network with relatively less error. Conclusions The viability of the proposed methods for inverse derivative of elastic modulus was demonstrated in this paper, which could provide a simple and effective method to obtain mechanical parameters for clinic work.

AIM To fit the moisture adsorption models for Astragali Radix aqueous extract.METHODS For the aqueous extract prepared by decocting,the moisture adsorption kinetics curve and adsorption/desorption isotherms were drawn by gravimetry,and then the data on moisture adsorption were fitted.The fitted models were optimized according to evaluation indices of root mean square error (RMSE),residual sum of squares (RSS) and coefficient of determination (R2).RESULTS The double exponential model for moisture adsorption kinetics curve and Peleg model for adsorption/desorption isotherms were considered as the two best models with regard to their fitting effects (R2 values were the closest to 1,RMSE and RSS values were the closest to 0).Among them,various adsorption/desorption isotherms all belonged to type Ⅱ ("S" isotherm),while the higher equilibrium moisture content of desorption isotherm than that of adsorption isotherm contributed to obvious type H3 hysteresis phenomenon.CONCLUSION Double exponential model and Peleg model can well fit the moisture adsorption kinetics curve and adsorption/desorption isotherms of Astragali Radix aqueous extract,respectively.

Objective To explore the long-term effect of endemic arsenism on oxidative stress and immune function, and to provide scientific basis for prevention and treatment of the disease in the areas. Methods In 2009, Using cluster sampling and typical investigation, the cross-sectional study was completed. The patient groups and the internal control group were selected in the arsenism areas after 5 years quality improvement of drinking water(Silizhuang village, Daying village and Gucheng village in Shanyin county, Gucheng city, Shanxi province) and they were divided into mild, moderate, severe case and internal control groups, respectively. The external control group was selected in a non-arsenism area(Yangzhuang village in Heshengbu city). The Oxidative stress indicators were determined and analyzed [serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was determined with xanthine oxidase method, glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) activity was determined with 2-thio-2-nitrobenzoic acid method, and mmuuity malondisldohyde(MDA) levels was determined with thiobarbituric acid method]. The immune function was determined and analyzed [immunoglobulin G (IgG) was determined with radioimmunoassay method, and serum lysozyme was determined with turbidimetric method]. Results A total of 252 people were surveyed, in which the external control group, the internal control group, mild, moderate and severe patient groups were 56, 57, 49,44 and 46, respectively. Serum SOD activities were (72.19 ± 11.75), (66.96 ± 12.02), (49.79±11.07), (48.54 ±10.56) and (47.68 ± 10.68)kU/L, respectively. The difference of serum SOD activities between the groups was statistically significant(F = 52.42, P ＜ 0.01 ). Serum SOD activities in the external control group were significantly higher than other groups (all P ＜ 0.05). The value in the internal control group was significantly higher than the 3patient groups (all P ＜ 0.05). There were no significant differences between the case groups (P ＞ 0.05). Serum GSH-Px activities of the five groups were (197.41 ± 38.54), (195.02 ± 31.93), (187.26 ± 28.22), (187.24 ± 25.40),(186.88 ± 21.84)U/mg, respectively, and the difference between the groups was not significant(H = 4.21, P ＞0.05). Serum MDA levels of the five groups were (4.51 ± 2.14), (5.88 ± 2.00), (6.44 ± 2.83), (5.89 ± 2.57),(5.88 ± 2.40)μ mol/L, respectively, and the difference between the groups was statistically significant(F = 3.36,P ＜ 0.05). The external control group was significantly lower than other groups(all P ＜ 0.05). No significant difference was observed between other groups(all P ＞ 0.05). Serum IgG levels were(11.16 ± 2.08), (8.15 ± 1.44), (8.77 ±2.54), (9.19 ± 1.97), (8.44 ± 2.52)g/L, respectively, and the difference between the groups was statistically significant(H = 52.92, P ＜ 0.01 ). The external control group was significantly higher than other groups(all P ＜0.05). No significant difference was observed between other groups(all P ＞ 0.05). Serum lysozyme levels were (13.57 ± 5.16), (10.05 ± 3.96), (8.78 ± 3.35), (8.72 ± 3.76), (9.38 ± 4.26)mg/L, respectively, and the difference between the groups was statistically significant (H = 35.00, P ＜ 0.01 ). The external control group was significantly higher than other groups(all P ＜ 0.05). No significant difference was observed between other groups(all P ＞ 0.05). Conclusions The effect of arsenic on the body's oxidative stress response and immune function persists after 5 years of drinking low arsenic water. In addition to intensify arsenic removal from drinking water, it should also strengthen the monitoring of population's health in the diseased areas.