Objective To discuss the training method to promote nursing error reporting initiative and investigate its effects on nursing error and accident incidence.Methods Totally 70 nursing units in our hospital were divided into the test group and the control group with 35 units in each group.One nurse was selected from each unit in the test group to composite the training group and received tripartite training,which included the relevant theoretical knowledge lectures,group discussions and analysis,training scenarios under the guidance of professional teachers.The control group received no special training.Before and after the training,the nulpses'attitude of the erroneous theory of cultural knowledge sharing.nursing error reporting initiative.and its effects on nursing error and accident rate were investigated and compared in the two groups by paired t test.Results After the training,the nurses'sharing the erroneous theory of cultural knowledge and attitude and willingness to report nursing error were statistically different(P＜0.01).Conclusions The training method Can improve initiative and willingness of nursing error reporting,decrease nursing error and accident incidence.

AlM: To investigated the refraction and cycloplegic effects of 0. 5g/L tropicamide eye drops in various low myopia age groups, and provide clinical guidelines for proper usage of cyclopegic agent in different population.METHODS:Three low myopia age groups (n=45) were selected, non-cycloplegic and cycloplegic auto-refraction using “Shin-Nippon” auto-refractor were performed at various time point for refractive error. The subjective accommodation amplitudes were also collected at each time point.
RESULTS: The accommodation amplitude showed a similar but significant decline between 20~60min after the first cyclopegic drops in all three age groups. However, the decline of accommodation amplitudes were not statistically correlated with the results of “Shin-Nippon”auto-refraction results at different time points.
CONCLUSlON: The refraction time should be arranged according to the cycloplegic effects of tropicamide. Open-field auto-refractor could reduce the usage of cycloglegice drugs in low myopia groups, even for the youngest.

Clinical features and related information on diagnosis and treatment of 45 cases of Castleman's disease (CD) were retrospectively analyzed.Based on the clinical classification, localized CD (LCD) was found in 26 cases, multicentric CD (MCD) was found in 19 cases.Most cases of LCD presented the symptoms of compression, while MCD had complicated and non-specific clinical manifestations, making the early diagnosis more difficult.All 26 cases with LCD underwent surgery, among which only 2 cases relapsed.Sixteen out of 19 patients with MCD were treated with glucocorticoids or combined chemotherapy, and 14 cases achieved complete or partial remission.The results show that patients with CD have variant manifestation and the diagnosis depend on CT scan or histopathology examination.Most LCD can be cured by complete surgical resection, and MCD can achieve remission by the treatment with glucocorticoids or combined chemotherapy.

In this paper, application of morpheme translation method in English translation of TCM was introduced, and its superiorities and limitations were analyzed in order to promote the standardization and improve the confused current status of the English translation of TCM.
Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Terminology as Topic ; Translations

Connexin43 has been shown to play a pivotal role in wound healing process. Wound repair is enhanced by acute downregulation of connexin43, by increasing proliferation and migration of keratinocyte and fibroblast. Angiogenesis is also a central feature of wound repair, but little is known about the effects of connexin43 modulation on functions of endothelial cells. We used connexin43 specific small interference RNA (siRNA) to reduce the expression of connexin43 in human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC), and investigated the effects of connexin43 downregulation on intercellular communication, viability, proliferation, migration and angiogenic activity of HUVEC. Treatment of siRNA markedly reduced the expression of connexin43 by -80% in HUVEC (P < 0.05), and decreased the intercellular communication by -65% (P < 0.05). The viability, proliferation, migration and angiogenic activity of HUVEC decreased significantly (P < 0.05), compared with that of the normal cells. The results suggest that temporally downregulation of connexin43 expression at early stage of wound to inhibit the abnormal angiogenesis characterized with leaky and inflamed blood vessels, maybe a prerequisite for coordinated normal healing process.
Cell Movement ; Cell Proliferation ; Cell Survival ; Connexin 43 ; metabolism ; Down-Regulation ; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells ; cytology ; Humans ; Neovascularization, Physiologic ; Umbilical Veins ; cytology ; Wound Healing

Objective To screen and clone the genes related to alopecia areata. Methods Dermal papillae of lesional and non lesional follicles were separated from alopecia areata scalp respectively. Suppression subtractive hybridization was used to investigate the difference of expressed genes in dermal papillae of lesional (tester) and non lesional (driver) follicles, and the differentially expressed genes in dermal papillae of lesional follicles were cloned and sequenced. Results A subtractive library of dermal papillae of lesional follicles from alopecia areata was established. A differentially expressed gene in dermal papillae of lesional follicles was successfully cloned and proved to be an autoantigen gene. Conclusions The subtractive library may contain the differentially genes related to alopecia. The autoantigen gene related to alopecia areata need to be further investigated.

OBJECTIVETo prepare a rabbit meniscus acellular matrix scaffold and explore the histomorphological and biomechanical properties of the scaffold.

METHODSRabbit meniscuses were collected and acellularized using a modified eight-step detergent process with hydrogen peroxide, distilled water, Triton X-100, and sodium deoxycholate. Its color and texture were observed. Histomorphological assessment was performed using routine hematoxylin-eosin stain, toluidine blue stain, Saffron stain, Hoechst-33258 stain, and immunohistochemical staining of collagen I. The ultrastructure of the specimens was observed with inverted phase contrast microscopy. Transient recovery rate of deformation, maximal recovery rate of deformation, and maximal compressive strength were tested to determine the biomechanical properties of the scaffold.

RESULTSThe processed meniscus was milk-white in color with loose structure. It histologically appeared cell-free, stained positively for collagen I, and had abundant micropores according to phase-contrast microscopy. The transient recovery rate of deformation was (76.65∓4.61)%, the maximal recovery rate of deformation was 100%, and the maximal compressive strength was (4.51∓0.69) N when the specimens were compressed 40%.

CONCLUSIONSThe rabbit meniscus acellular matrix scaffold, with numerous micropores, is easy to be recovered from deformation and suitable for the adhesiveness and growth of breeding cells. This scaffold can be used as an ideal implant for future tissue engineering of the meniscus.

Animals ; Biocompatible Materials ; analysis ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Materials Testing ; Menisci, Tibial ; chemistry ; cytology ; ultrastructure ; Rabbits ; Tissue Engineering ; Tissue Scaffolds

Objective To investigate the relationship between serum progesterone level at the day with human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) administration and pregnant outcome from in in-vitro fertilization-embryo transfer(IVF-ET). Methods From Mar. 2002 to Apr. 2007, 786 cycles with serum progesterone measurement on the day of hCG administration for final oocyte maturation in IVF were analyzed retrospectively in Reproductive Medicine Center in First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University.All stimulations were down-regulated with gronadotrophin release hormone agonist (GnRH-a) in both long protocols and short protocols before gonadotrophin stimulation. When the thresholds of serum progesterone were set at 5.5, 6.0,6.5,7.0,7.5,8.0,8.5 and 9.0 nmol/L, respectively. If the level of progesterone was less than the thresholds, those patients were in lower progesterone group, on the contrary, more than the threshold value, those patients were in higher progesterone group. The laboratory results and the clinical outcomes between all patients at lower and higher progesterone group at different thresholds value were analyzed. Results The rate of normal fertilization, quality embryos, successful implantation, chemical pregnancy, clinical pregnancy and live birth did not exhibit remarkable difference between patients with higher and lower serum progesterone level at multiple thresholds on the day of hCG administration in the 786 cycles (P >0.05). However, when the thresholds of serum progesterone were at 8.5 and 9.0 nmol/L, early abortion rates of 27.3% (3/11) and 3/7 in higher progesterone group were significantly higher than 8.8% (26/297) and 8.6% (26/301) in lower progesterone group (P<0.05). And the total abortion rates of 3/7 in higher progesterone group were significantly higher than 11.0% (34/301) in lower progesterone group when the thresholds of serum progesterone were 9.0 nmol/L (P<0.05). Conclusions This study did not prove the correlationship between progesterone level at the clay with hCG administration and the probability of clinical pregnancy or live birth. However, early abortion rates or the total abortion rates were associated with higher progesterone level when the thresholds of serum progesterone were at 8.5 nmol/L or 9.0 nmoL/L.

OBJECTIVETo study the relationship between body mass index (BMI), hypertension and all-cause mortality in the elderly population in Beijing.

METHODSIn 1992, a cohort of 3 257 people above 55 years old was selected from 3 different areas of Beijing, i.e. urban and suburbs (both plain and mountain areas). Information on physical condition, history of chronic diseases, self-perceived health, as well as smoking and drinking status was collected. Blood pressure, body height and weight were measured among 2 086 of 3 257 subjects.

RESULTSBMI was decreasing with age, while the prevalence of hypertension increased with age. Meanwhile the prevalence of hypertension increased with age as well as with BMI. There was a reverse relationship between BMI and all-cause mortality, i.e. the risk of death was 39.0% lower for those with BMI = 20.0 - 24.9 kg/m(2) (Hazard ratio: 0.61, 95% Confidence interval: 0.49 - 0.75) and 62% lower for those with BMI >/= 25.0 kg/m(2) (Hazard ratio: 0.38%, 95% Confidence interval: 0.29 - 0.49) than those with BMI < 20.0 kg/m(2). After controlling for age, gender, residential place, hypertension as well as self-perceive health status and cognition function, low BMI remained a significant and independent predictor to death.

CONCLUSIONThe distribution of BMI was different in elderly from the youth. The findings suggested that it was important to control the body weight among the elderly hypertensives.

Age Factors ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Body Height ; Body Mass Index ; Body Weight ; Cause of Death ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; epidemiology ; physiopathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Risk Factors ; Rural Health ; statistics & numerical data ; Sex Factors ; Urban Health ; statistics & numerical data

BACKGROUNDAcute renal failure following coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Approximately half of all patients who develop acute kidney injury (AKI) subsequently develop acute renal failure (ARF). The purpose of the study was to compare early transient changes in renal function within the first post-operative week following CABG in patients that were either off-pump or on-pump.

METHODSEight hundred and forty-nine consecutive patients with isolated CABG in a single institution between January 1990 and August 2006 were retrospectively analyzed, including 518 off-pump and 331 on-pump patients. A multivariate Logistic regression model was constructed to identify risk factors for the development of AKI.

RESULTSSixty-one off-pump patients and 63 on-pump patients developed AKI. Risk factors for the development of post-operative AKI included an ejection fraction > or =50% or < or =30%, a pulse pressure > or =60 mmHg, peripheral vascular disease, diabetes, emergent procedure, triple-vessel disease, body mass index, peri-operative and post-operative. intra-aortic balloon pumping, NYHA class III and IV, and cardiopulmonary bypass. An ejection fraction > or =50% and peri-operative and post-operative intra-aortic balloon pumping were protective (OR <1). Peak serum creatinine for post-operative AKI was noted 12 hours and 24 hours in the off-pump and on-pump patients, respectively. Serum creatinine kinetics revealed rapid recovery in the 24th to 48th hour (off-pump) and the 48th to 72nd hour (on-pump).

CONCLUSIONRenal protection strategies are indicated from general anesthesia induction until 48 and 72 hours post-operatively in off-pump and on-pump patients, respectively.

Acute Kidney Injury ; etiology ; Aged ; Coronary Artery Bypass ; adverse effects ; Coronary Artery Bypass, Off-Pump ; adverse effects ; Creatinine ; blood ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney ; physiopathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies