At present, about one third organ transplantation recipients were hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients even in the most advanced transplant center in the world. HCC especially the early primary HCC has been listed as one of the indications of liver transplantation(LT) in the most organ transplant center in the world. However, due to the tumor recurrence and metastasis following LT, many patients would be dead following transplantation in about 2 years later. Their five-year survival rate was only 50 percent in benign final phase liver disease patients. The current researches for this phenomenon were still shallow both in mechanisms and treatments. How to prevent tumor recurrence has become serious challenges and must be faced in liver transplantation surgery. Obviously, to discover the molecular mechanisms and predisposing factors of following LT recurrence, to explore appropriate standards for LT in HCC patients and to strengthen perioperative management are the only way for increasing LT efficacy.

Objective To explore the value of laparoscopic appendectomy (LA) in children. Methods A total of 52 children underwent laparoscopic appendectomy by using the 3-port technique from October 2002 to December 2004. Results The operations were performed smoothly in all the 52 cases. The operating time was 20~50 min (mean, 30 min). The patients were discharged from hospital at 2~4 postoperative days. Peri-port subcutaneous emphysema occurred in 2 cases. No other complications were found. Follow-up checkups for 3~29 months (mean, 14 months) in 49 cases found no intestinal obstruction or abdominal residual infection. Conclusions Laparoscopic appendectomy in children is safe, effective and minimally invasive.

T cell immune deficiency results in inefficient anti-tumor immune response in most patients with hematological malignancies,thereby tumor cells escaping the attack of host immune system,that is the immune escape of tumor cells.Recently,new insights regard to the CD8+ T cell exhaustion which is one of the most important mechanisms of tumor immune suppression.The CD8 + T cell exhaustion is mediated by abnormal expression of T-cell immunosuppressive receptors such as PD-1 and CTLA-4.Blocking these molecules may restore the partial or all functions of T cells.This article reviewed the advances on the role of the PD-1 and CTLA-4 in hematological malignancies,including their functions on mediating T cell-immune tolerance and the progression of targeted immunotherapy,to provide the new strategy for hematological malignancies.

Objective To evalute the indication and clinical application value of microwave abla-tion in spleen-preserving surgery in treament of patients with traumatic rupture.Methods The clinical data of 45 patients with traumatic splenic rupture were retrospectively analyzed.Spleen preserving surgery was feasible by preoperative CT evaluation and intraoperative observation.36 patients received simply mi-crowave ablation,and 9 cases received microwave ablation assisted partial splenectomy.Postoperative com-plications were observed,and the changes of platelet in peripheral blood were detected before and after op-eration in the 3 th,7th,14th day to evaluate the function of spleen.Results 15 patient was complicated with left pleural effusion,1 patient was complicated with splenic fossa fluid associated with infection.Dur-ing the follow-up of at least 2 months,No patients had postoperative bleeding,hemoglobinuria,gastrointes-tinal leak,deep vein thrombosis and pancreatic leak complications,no deaths.Seven days after microwave ablation spleen-preserving surgery,blood platelet count were significantly higher than the levels before the operation (P <0.05)in spleen-preserving patients.Platelets were no statistically significant after operation in the 3 th,14thday compared with the preoperative(P >0.05).The CT scan and the ultrasonic examina-tion that reviewed after operation in the 30-60th day showed good in spleen imaging in spleen-preserving patients,No patients had portal vein thrombosis.Conclusion Microwave ablation spleen-preserving sur-gery in the treatment of partial traumatic splenic rupture will be a safe and effective operation which could expand the spleen-preserving indication and be used in clinical practice.

Objective:To study the detecting rate of nonfermenters and their resistance to the antibiotics in nosocomial infections in our hospital. Methods:The bacteria were identified by VITEK-AMS, the susceptibility tests(K-B method) were done according to the NCCLS standard and the results were analyzed. Results: The detecting rate of nonfermenters was 14. 29%. The most common bacterium was P. aeruginosa (the component ratio was 44. 22%). followed by A. baumannnii (32. 17%) and S.maltophilia(9.23%). The infectious rates of nonfermenters were different at different infectious sites, with the highest rate in the respiratory system and the lowest in central nervous system. The resistant rate to the antibiotics of P. aeruginosa was 45. 21% ,of A. baumannnii 47. 85% and of S. maltophilia 64. 02%. Conclusion:The detecting rate of nonfermenters is rather high in the nosocomial infection in our hospital. Due to the high resistant rates of nonfermenters to the antibiotics , the drugs should be chosen accoding to the result of the drugs susceptibility test.

Objective: To analyze the surveillance results of common diseases among primary and middle school students in Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps in 2020, so as to provide the evidence for formulating the control measures for common diseases among primary and middle school students. Methods: The comprehensive health surveillance data of 31 467 primary and middle school students were collected from 132 schools in 14 divisions of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps in 2020, and the prevalence of poor vision, overweight and obesity, dental caries, malnutrition and elevated blood pressure were descriptively analyzed. Results: The 31 467 students included 15 580 boys ( 49.51% ) and 15 887 girls ( 50.49% ). There were 19 632 students ( 62.39% ) from urban areas and 11 835 ( 37.61% ) from suburban areas, and there were 11 371 primary students ( 36.14% ), 11 169 junior high school students ( 35.49% ) and 8 927 high school students ( 28.37% ). The detection rates of poor vision, overweight and obesity, dental caries, elevated blood pressure, and malnutrition were 57.22%, 29.69%, 27.57%, 15.03%, and 4.81%, respectively. The detection rates of overweight and obesity ( 36.07% vs. 23.45%, P<0.05 ) and malnutrition ( 5.71% vs. 3.93%, P<0.05 ) were significantly higher, while the detection rates of poor vision ( 51.61% vs. 62.72%, P<0.05 ), dental caries ( 24.46% vs. 30.63%, P<0.05 ) and elevated blood pressure ( 14.61% vs. 15.43%, P<0.05 ) were significantly lower in boys than in girls. The detection rates of overweight and obesity ( 30.17% vs. 28.91%, P<0.05 ) and poor vision ( 61.55% vs. 50.04%, P<0.05 ) were significantly higher, while the prevalence rates of malnutrition ( 4.55% vs. 5.24%, P<0.05 ), dental caries ( 24.47% vs. 32.73%, P<0.05 ) and elevated blood pressure (14.66% vs. 15.63%, P<0.05) were significantly lower in students from urban areas than from suburban areas. In addition, the prevalence of malnutrition and poor vision appeared a tendency towards a rise, while the prevalence of overweight and obesity, dental caries and elevated blood pressure appeared a tendency towards a decline among primary and middle school students with the study period (P<0.05 ). Conclusions The prevalence of poor vision, overweight and obesity, and dental caries is relatively high among primary and middle school students in Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, and comorbid overweight and obesity and malnutrition is found.

Objective To explore the correlation between the patients with hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma of the selective neck lymph dissection of lymph nodes detected quantity and prognosis.Methods Retrospective analysis of the clinical data of 96 cases underwent selective dissection of cervical lymph node in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the hypopharynx.Results All patients with unilateral selective neck dissection of lymph nodes detected a number of 19.3 ± 11.0,the number of positive lymph nodes 0.8 ± 0.6.Preoperative radiotherapy patients (43 eases) was detected in lymph nodes and the number of positive lymph nodes was 13.8 ± 7.9 and 0.2 ± 0.2,without radiotherapy patients (53 cases) of lymph nodes detected number 23.2 ± 11.9 and 1.0 ± 0.2,the comparison between the two (P ＜ 0.01).According to the number of positive lymph nodes were divided into ≤ 15 group (42 cases) and ＞ 15 group (54 cases),＞ 15 group,the overall survival rate at 3 years and 3 years disease free survival rate and neck control rate was significandy higher than that of ≤ 15 group [70.4％(38/54) vs.38.1％(16/42),61.1％(33/54) vs.33.3％ (14/42),96.3％(52/54) vs.76.2％(32/42)] (P ＜ 0.01 or ＜ 0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that lymph nodes detected a number ＞ 15 was the survival rate of the independent risk factors for overall survival in patients with and without effect (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Selective neck dissection of lymph nodes detected number can be used to predict prognosis in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the hypopharynx.

To investigate the role of progesterone receptor (PR) expression in malignant melanoma (MM), PR and proliferative cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression were immunohistochemistrically evaluated in a series of 35 specimens of MM, and the correlation between the immunohistochemistrical findings and clinicopathological data was also analyzed. PR expression was detected in 25.7% (9/35) of the patients with MM. No PR expression was observed in nevi. PR expression was inversely correlated with PCNA expression (r=-0.353, P=0.026). PR expression was slightly increased in females, subjects aged under 55 y, those with ulceration, non-acral subtype and diagnosis delay longer than 1 y, but the difference was not statistically significant. Selective expression of progesterone receptor in malignant melanoma might be correlated with inhibited tumor growth.
Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Immunohistochemistry ; Melanoma/*metabolism ; Models, Biological ; Prognosis ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen/*metabolism ; Receptors, Progesterone/*biosynthesis ; Receptors, Progesterone/genetics ; Skin/metabolism ; Skin Neoplasms/metabolism

At present, the research regarding repair of spinal cord mainly focuses on tissue engineering. Neural tissue engineering materials provide three-dimensional template for tissue regeneration and also environment for synthesis of extracellular matrix. This paper summarizes the types of nerve transplant materials and the research progress in application for treatment of spinal cord injury, so as to provide theoretical evidence for repair of spinal cord injury. But some problems exist in application of nerve cell scaffold materials for repair of spinal cord injury: poor mechanical properties lead to slow degradation speed, causing difficulties in tissue reconstruction with respect to velocity and in subsequent reconstruction of porous three-dimensional scaffold. In recent years, novel biomaterials with specific repair function have been made by the engineering method through combining the biological molecule with specific signal identification function and available materials, which is an advanced projeot in the current field of biomaterials.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of dendritic cells-cytokine induced killer cells combined with surgical treatment for primary liver cancer.Methods Totally 78 patients with primary liver cancer were randomly divided into experiment group (n =30) and control group (n =48).The patients in experiment group received hcpatectomy combined with dendritic cells-cytokine induced killer cell treatment while those in control group were given hepatectomy treatment.The median time to recurrence,progression-free survival,survival and quality of life were evaluated.Observed side effects of cell therapy in experiment group.Results Experiment group received a total of dendritic cells-cytokine induced killer cell treatment 78,an average of 2.6 times per person.Fever occured in 8 patients who received dendritic cells-cytokine induced killer cell treatment.After one cycle of immune therapy,the KPS score of 20 cases was improved,8 cases were stable and and 2 case was worsen in the experiment group.The KPS score of 10 cases were improved,32 cases were stable and and 6 cases were worsen in the control group,and the difference is statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).The progression-free survival rates for 1,2 and 3 years in the experiment group were 73.3％,40.0％,23.3％ and 68.7％,27.0％,14.5％ in the control groups,respectively.The progression-free survival rates in the experiment group were improved compared to the control group and the difference is statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).The median time of recurrence in the experiment group were (16.9 ± 2.6) months and (13.5 ± 2.9) months in the control group,respectively (P ＜ 0.05).The 1-2-3-years survival rates in the experiment group were 85.0％,50.0％,35.0％ and 85.0％,40.0％,23.3％ in the control group respectively.There was no statistically significant difference between these two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Dendritic cellscytokine induced killer cells combined with surgical treatment on primary liver cancer is safe and effective,it can improve quality of life,and delay the recurrence time after surgery.But not improve long-term survival.