With the advent of the aging society, there will be a wide range of applications if novel intelligent multifunctional nursing beds can be developed for hospitals, bead houses and families at the same time. By listing and analyzing existing products, this paper summarized four function categories for multifunctional nursing beds, including security assurance, treatment aid, comfortability optimization, and human-machine interaction and communication. Finally, by comparing existing functions and potential user requirements, this paper proposed four function development trends, including physiological parameter monitoring, sleep aid, intelligent temperature control, and video communication.
Beds ; Equipment Design ; Monitoring, Physiologic ; instrumentation ; Nursing Care

Objective To investigate the relationship between serum anticardiolipin antibody-immune globulin G (ACA-IgG),interleukin-10 (IL-10 ),IL-17 levels and intracranial large-artery atherosclerotic stenosis in patients with ischemic stroke. Methods From March 2014 to March 2015,a total of 176 consecutive patients with the first-ever ischemic stroke admitted to the Department of Neurology,Liaocheng People′s Hospital,Shandong Province,China,and performed DSA were enrolled prospectively. Seven of the patients with cardiogenic embolism,5 with moyamoya disease,8 with arteritis,2 with artery dissection,9 with autoimmune diseases or acute and chronic inflammation were excluded,21 with extracranial arterial stenosis were not enrolled,and finally 124 were enrolled in the study. According to the findings of DSA,the degrees of intracranial large artery stenosis were divided into a stenosis-free group (n = 34),a mild-stenosis group (n = 30),a moderate-stenosis group (n = 32),and a severe-stenosis group (n = 28). The differences of serum ACA-IgG,IL-10,IL-17 levels and baseline factors of the 4 groups were compared,and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze several factors that affected intracranial large-artery stenosis. Results There were no significant differences in sex,age,alcohol consumption rate,smoking rate,and incidence of hyperlipidemia among the 4 groups of patients (all P >0. 05). Compared with the stenosis-free group,there were significant differences in the incidences of hypertension and diabetes among the mild-stenosis,moderate-stenosis and severe-stenosis groups (the incidence of hypertension,80. 0% [n = 24],93. 8% [n = 30],89. 3% [n = 25]vs. 55. 9% [19 cases];χ2 = 8. 271,8. 920,and 10. 877,respectively;P = 0. 038,0. 032,and 0. 014,respectively). The incidences of diabetes were 33. 3% (n = 10),43. 8% (n = 14),60. 7% (n = 17)vs. 8. 8% (n = 3),(χ2 = 7. 960, 8. 733,and 9. 285,respectively;P = 0. 043,0. 035,and 0. 027,respectively). Incidence of diabetes of the severe-stenosis group was higher than that of the mild-stenosis group (χ2 = 9. 348,P = 0. 025). There were no significant differences in the incidences of hypertension and diabetes among other groups (all P >0. 05). There were significant differences in ACA-IgG levels (23 ± 5,39 ± 8,51 ± 9,and 65 ± 10 kU/ L);IL-10 levels (108 ± 33,85 ± 25,77 ± 21,and 62 ± 19 ng/ L),and IL-17 levels (38 ± 10,58 ± 22,63 ± 31, and 75 ± 26 ng/ L)among the stenosis-free,mild,moderate and severe-stenosis groups (F = 17. 754,9. 827, and 12. 656;respectively;all P < 0. 01). Compared with the stenosis-free group,the ACA-IgG and IL-17 levels of the patients in the mild,morderate,and severe stenosis groups increased significantly (ACA-IgG level:t =2. 307,2. 559,and 3. 374,respectively;P = 0. 026,0. 014,and 0. 001,respectively,the IL-17 levels:t =2. 183,2. 549 and 3. 159,respectively;P = 0. 037,0. 013,and 0. 002,respectively),while the IL-10 level decreased significantly. There were significant differences among the groups (t = 2. 036,2. 351,and 2. 762, respectively;P = 0. 042,0. 023,and 0. 006,respectively). Compared with the mild-stenosis group,the ACA-IgG and IL-17 levels of the severe stenosis group increased significantly (t = 3. 154 and 2. 976 respectively;P = 0. 002 and 0. 004 respectively). There were no significant differences among the pairwise comparisons of other groups (P >0. 05). The results of logistic regression analysis showed that hypertension, diabetes,ACA-IgG level,and IL-17 level were the risk factors for intracranial large-artery stenosis (OR, 3. 043,95% CI 1. 606 -5. 875,P = 0. 003;OR,2. 912,95% CI 1. 513 -5. 824,P < 0. 01;OR,1. 837,95% CI 2. 057-3. 416,P = 0. 037;OR,1. 453,95% CI 1. 346 -2. 721,P = 0. 014). Conclusion ACA-IgG and IL-17 may play an important role in the occurrence and development processes of intracranial large-artery atherosclerotic stenosis.

Objective To compare the efficacies of anatomic and nonanatomic mesohepatectomy for central type hepatocellular carcinoma.Methods The clinical data of 85 patients with central type hepatocellular carcinoma undergoing hepatectomies were retrospectively analysed.36 patients underwent anatomic mesohepatectomy and the other 49 patients did nonanatomic mesohepatectomy.The operative time,intraoperative blood loss,incidence of postoperative complications,postoperative drainage volume,time to flatus and length of postoperative stay between the two groups were compared.Results There were no significant differences in the general condition,organ function,tumor size and location between the two groups before operation (P ＞ 0.05).The intraoperative blood loss,incidence of postoperative complications,drainage volume were significantly less but the operative time longer in anatomic mesohepatectomy group than nonanatomic hepatectomy group (P ＜ 0.05).No differences between the two groups were found in regard to the time for flatus and length of postoperative hospital stay (P ＞ 0.05).Tumor recurrence developed in 7 cases in group A and 20 cases in group B (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Anatomic mesohepatectomy has the advantages of less surgical trauma,less exudation and complications in patients with central type hepatocellular carcinoma.

Objective To observe the effect of dual-task interference on postural sway and hand flexibility of patients with early Parkinson's disease (PD).Methods Twenty-tree patients with early PD and twcnty-three healthy,sex-and age-matched control subjects were examined.Postural sway was measured with an accelerometer at the centre of mass at the lower spine.Two parameters of postural sway were computed from the acceleration signals including root mean square acceleration (RMS) and jerkiness of sway (JERK).Purdue pegboard test,single-task tests and dual-task test were performed respectively to record the numbers of nails inserted with left hand,right hand and both hands within 30 seconds.Results In the usual conditions,no significant differences of postural sway parameters were found between the control group and PD group in eye open and eye closed condition.In dualtask condition,PD patients showed an increase of RMS values (eye open conditions:PD group (0.156±0.112) m/s2,control group (0.086±0.026) m/s2;eye closed conditions:PD group (0.204±0.162)m/s2,control group (0.095±0.023)m/s2) of sway acceleration,compared with control subjects (P＜0.01).These differences reached significance during cognitive task performance in eye open and eye closed with dual task.PD patients showed larger JERK values with increasing difficulty of the sway task which also reached significance during cognitive task performance(P＜0.05).The number of pegs inserted within 30 s in patients with PD (17.33±4.87)was significantly lower than that in controls (20.77±4.13) (P＜0.05).Conclusion The hand flexibility of patients with early PD obviously decrease.The balance of patients with early PD may deteriorate when their attention is diverted or reduced because of attempting to perform cognitive tasks.

Objective:To study the feasibility, safety and technique for laparoscopic anatomical liver resection of segment 8.Methods:The clinical data of 9 patients who underwent laparoscopic anatomical liver resection of segment 8 from January 2015 to December 2019 at Hunan Provincial People's Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. There were 6 males and 3 females, with age ranging from 29 to 67 years (average 53.6 years). The operation time, intraoperative blood loss , postoperative hospital stay, postoperative complications, and long-term survival and recurrence rates on follow-up were analysed.Results:Laparoscopic anatomical liver resection of segment 8 was successfully carried out in these patients. The mean operative time was 188.9 min(range 140-240 min). The mean estimated intraoperative blood loss was 117.8 ml (range 20-300 ml). The postoperative hospital stay was 6.9 days (range 3-12 days). One patient developed pleural effusion after operation and responded to conservative treatment. Another patients developed ascites with delayed extubation. The patient was successfully treated with conservative treatment. No patients developed complications above Clavien Dindo Ⅲa. There were no perioperative deaths. The postoperative pathological results showed hepatocellular adenoma ( n=2), hepatocellular carcinoma ( n=4), cholangiocarcinoma ( n=1), and metastatic liver cancer ( n=2). On follow-up for 12-58 months (median 22 months) one patient with hepatocellular carcinoma developed recurrence at 18 months after operation and was treated with microwave ablation. The other patients were well on follow-up. Conclusions:With adequate preoperative evaluation, reasonable case selection, rigorous surgical planning, and skilled laparoscopic techniques, laparoscopic anatomical liver resection of segment 8 was safe and feasible, and the short-term efficacy was good in this study.

Objective To explore the utility of different body composition for the prediction of myocardial ischemia in exercise in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. Methods T2DM outpatients were selected from Jul. 2013 to Nov. 2014 (male 83, female 57) to measure body composition and clinical biochemical parameters, and divided them into two groups according to treadmill exercise testing results. Group A cases were positive (27 patients) and Group B cases were negative (113 patients). SPSS19.0 was used to make statistical analysis. Results (1) The age, gender, diabetes mellitus (DM) duration, medical history of hypertension and dyslipidemia, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, the waist-hip fat ratio of the two groups had no significant difference (P>0.05). (2) The fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) between the two groups had no significant difference. Compared with group B, the low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) of group A [(2.48 ± 0.75) mmol/L vs. (2.81 ± 0.77) mmol/L, t=2.009, P<0.05] decreased significantly. (3) Overall body fat percentage, skeletal muscle weight of the two groups had no significant difference. Compared with group B, the waist-hip fat ratio (0.93±0.06 vs. 0.88±0.08, t=-2.790, P<0.01) andvisceral fat area [(99.47 ± 32.84) cm2 vs. (81.10 ± 25.47) cm2, t=-2.822, P<0.01] of group A increased significantly, while this difference mainly existed in male patients visceral fat area [(100.99±39.33) cm2 vs. (79.91 ± 27.09) cm2, t=-2.231, P<0.05], and waist-hip fat ratio was different in female patients of the two groups (0.91±0.06 vs. 0.85±0.09, t=-2.043, P<0.05) . Conclusion Abdominal obesity, especially visceral fat accumulation had close correlation with myocardial ischemia in exercise in T2DM patients. Waist-hip fat ratio and visceral fat area may be more effective indicators of myocardial ischemia in exercise in T 2DM patients than BMI.

OBJECTIVETo establish a rapid method of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) for detecting enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7.

METHODSSix primers that specifically recognized the rfbE gene of EHEC O157:H7 were designed. Under the optimized reaction conditions, LAMP and PCR were evaluated for the sensitivity and specificity in the detection of 39 laboratory samples of EHEC O157:H7 strains, and their detection results of contaminated fresh pork samples were compared.

RESULTSLAMP assay correctly identified all the 7 EHEC O157:H7 strains and showed negative results for all the 32 non-EHEC O157:H7 strains. The detection limit of LAMP was much lower than that of rfbE-PCR (10 vs 100 cfu/ml). In the detection of the contaminated pork samples, both LAMP and PCR yielded results consistent with those by the conventional detection method.

CONCLUSIONThe rfbE-based LAMP assay can serve as a rapid, sensitive, specific and low-cost means for detecting EHEC O157:H7 strain.

Background/Aims: Studies have shown that nucleos(t)ide analogue (NA) treatment can reduce the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients, but it is unclear which NA is most effective. We performed a meta-analysis and systematic review comparing the efficacies of NAs in CHB patients. Methods: We searched literature databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies that analyzed the hepatic biochemical response, virological response, seroconversion rate, drug resistance rate, and HCC incidence rate in CHB patients treated with NAs. Meta-analyses were performed with RevMan and Stata/SE software. Results: Twelve cohort studies and one RCT were selected, in which entecavir (ETV), lamivudine (LAM), telbivudine (LdT), and/or tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) were evaluated in CHB patients. The meta-analysis showed that ETV was superior to LAM with regard to the HCC incidence (p<0.001), biochemical response (p=0.001), virological response (p=0.02), and drug resistance (p<0.001), and ETV was superior to LdT with regard to the virological response (p<0.001) and drug resistance (p<0.001). We found no significant difference between ETV and TDF with regard to the HCC incidence (p=0.08), biochemical response (p=0.39), virological response (p=0.31), serological conversion (p=0.38), or drug resistance (p=0.95). NA-treated patients with pre-existing cirrhosis had a 5.49 times greater incidence of HCC than those without cirrhosis (p<0.001). Conclusions ETV or TDF should be used for long-term first-line monotherapy in CHB patients according to the current guidelines. Standardized protocols are needed for future studies of ETV and TDF to facilitate conclusive comparisons. Patients with cirrhosis are at significantly elevated risk for HCC, despite the benefits of NA treatment.

Objective:To study and analyse the results of postoperative hemorrhage after laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy (LPD).Methods:The clinical data of patients who underwent LPD from May 2011 to December 2019 at Hunan Provincial People's Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. The clinical characteristics of patients, onset time of postoperative hemorrhage, location of postoperative hemorrhage, postoperative biliary fistula, pancreatic fistula, infection and other short-term complications, reoperation and mortality rates were analyzed.Results:Of 356 patients who underwent LPD in this study, there were 200 males and 156 females, aged (58.0±10.5) years. The postoperative complication rate was 33.1% (118/356), the reoperation rate was 6.5% (23/356), and the mortality rate was 2.5% (9/356). The most common complications were postoperative hemorrhage [15.2% (54/356)], pancreatic fistula [14.6%(52/356)] and abdominal infection [13.8%(49/356)]. The onset time of postoperative hemorrhage was usually in the 1st - 14th day, and the highest rate of postoperative hemorrhage was 3.9% (14/356) on the first day after surgery. The postoperative hemorrhage rate then showed a downward trend, but increased again on the 7th day. The extraluminal hemorrhage locations were relatively widely distributed, and the incidence of gastrointestinal anastomotic hemorrhage in patients with intraluminal hemorrhage was the highest [67.9%(19/28)]. Of the 9 patients who died, 7 were related to postoperative bleeding.Conclusions:LPD resulted in a high incidence of complications. Postoperative hemorrhage was a complication that had the greatest impact on short-term recovery of patients. It was also an important cause of reoperation and death. In addition to postoperative bleeding caused by pancreatic fistula, gastrointestinal anastomotic bleeding was also clinically important.

Objective To investigate the effect of Liangxue Jiedu decoction on intestinal flora in patients with hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure (HBV-ACLF). Methods The patients who were hospitalized and diagnosed with HBV-ACLF in Beijing Ditan Hospital from October 2018 to October 2019 were enrolled, and healthy individuals were enrolled as HP group. High-throughput sequencing was used to screen for the differences in bacterial diversity and species between HBV-ACLF patients and healthy individuals, and differentially expressed bacteria between the two groups were screened out at the phylum and genus levels. With the help of in vitro simulated fermentation experiment, fecal samples were collected from the patients with HBV-ACLF and were then cultured in the medium containing different concentrations of Liangxue Jiedu decoction (0, 10%, 50%, and 100%) for 24 hours, and the changes in intestinal flora were analyzed and compared between the HBV-ACLF treatment group, the HBV-ACLF non-treatment group, and the HP group at the genus level. The t -test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between two groups, and the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of non-normally distributed continuous data between two groups. Results A total of 10 HBV-ACLF patients were enrolled, with 5 in the HBV-ACLF treatment group and 5 in the HBV-ACLF non-treatment group, and there were 15 individuals in the HP group. Compared with the HP group, the HBV-ACLF non-treatment group had significant reductions in the diversity and abundance of intestinal flora. At the phylum level, Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes were mainly observed in the samples of the HP group, while the HBV-ACLF non-treatment group had a significant reduction in Bacteroidetes and significant increases in Fusobacteria , Proteobacteria , and Fibrobacteres. At the genus level, compared with the HP group, the HBV-ACLF non-treatment group had significant reductions in Ruminococcus, Blautia , and Eubacterium and significant increases in Parabacteroides, Lactobacillus, Fusobacterium , and Streptococcus . The in vitro fermentation experiment showed that compared with the HBV-ACLF non-treatment group, the HBV-ACLF treatment group had significant increases in Ruminococcus, Lachnospira, Bacteroides , and Genusgenus and significant reductions in Fusobacterium and Proteobacteria (all P < 0.05). Conclusion Liangxue Jiedu decoction can regulate intestinal flora disturbance, restore the diversity of intestinal flora, increase dominant bacteria, and reduce pathogenic bacteria, which may be one of its important mechanisms of action in the treatment of HBV-ACLF.