Objective: To optimize the processing method and technology for the fruits of Capparis spinosa. Methods: The determination methods for the effective fractions (total phenolic acids and total glucosinolates) and the stimulating ingredients in the fruits of C. spinosa were established by UV and GC, respectively. Four processing methods (steaming, decocting, baking, and stir-frying) were optimized with the contents of effective fractions and the stimulating ingredients as indexes. The processing technology was optimized by the single factor and orthogonal design, and the data treated by the desirability functions. Results: The best processing method for the fruits of C. spinosa was stir-frying, and the best processing technology was suggested as follows, stir-fried for 15 min at 80°C with the drug powder of 40-50 meshes. Conclusion: The processed fruits of C. spinosa could ensure the effective components and reduce their stimulation.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of intermittent epidural bolus ( IEB) for patient?controlled epidural analgesia ( PCEA) during delivery. Methods Eighty?five parturients requesting epi?dural analgesia, who were at full term ( 37-42 weeks of gestation) with a singleton fetus in vertex presenta?tion, of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical statusⅠorⅡ, with body mass index< 35 kg∕m2 , were divided into either IEB group ( n=42) or continuous epidural infusion ( CEI) group ( n=43) using a random number table. The analgesia solution contained 0.08% ropivacaine and 0.4μg∕ml sufentanil in both groups . IEB settings were a 6 ml bolus every hour at the rate of 400 ml∕h with a bolus dose 6 ml and lockout interval 30 min. CEI settings were background infusion 6 ml∕h with a bolus dose 6 ml and lockout interval 30 min. Numeric rating scale score was maintained≤5, and if the efficacy was not satisfactory, a bolus of pump solution 5-10 ml was added. The consumption of analgesics per hour, initial PCA time, and occur?rence of lower extremity numbness, motor block, nausea and vomiting, and pruritus were recorded. Pa?tients′satisfaction with analgesia was scored, and the duration of labor and mode of delivery were recorded. Results Compared with group CEI, the initial PCA time was significantly prolonged, the satisfaction score was significantly increased, the incidence of lower extremity numbness was significantly decreased ( P<0.05) , and no significant change was found in the consumption of analgesics per hour, incidence of motor block, nausea and vomiting, and pruritus, constituent ratio of mode of delivery, and duration of la?bor in group IEB ( P>0.05) . Conclusion IEB can be safely and effectively used for PCEA during deliver?y, and the efficacy is better than that of CEI in the parturients.

The fermentation broth of one actinomycete strain ACMA006 strongly inhibited growth of many tumor cells and some microorganisms, but its cytotoxicity to human normal cells were weak. Strain ACMA006 grow well on most tested media, producing exuberant vegetative hyphae and aerial hyphae. Its optimization temperature is 28?C. Phyloge-netic analysis based on 16S rDNA sequence showed that strain ACMA006 was closely related to one of the genus Streptomycetes (S.cavourensis subsp. washingtonensis) with 16S rDNA sequence similarity values of 100%, but had many differences in other features including its morphology, physiological and biochemical characteristics. The pre-liminary study supported the view that the strain ACMA006 represented a new strain of the S.cavourensis subsp. wash-ingtonensis.

Anthracosis ; complications ; Cerebrovascular Disorders ; complications ; Cohort Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies

AIM: To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of intravitreal injection of triamcinolone combined macular grid photocoagulation treatment for macular edema.
METHODS: Totally 150 cases (150 eyes) with macular edema in our hospital from July 2009 to November 2013 were selected, which were randomly divided into study group (75 cases, 75 eyes) and control group (75 cases, 75 eyes) . The cases in control group were treated with macular grid photocoagulation treatment, those in the study group used triamcinolone acetonide combined macular grid photocoagulation treatment. Best corrected visual acuity ( BCVA ) , parallel optical coherence tomography ( OCT) and fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) were detected before treatment, after treatment 7d, 1, 3, and 9mo.
RESULTS:After the treatment, patients' vision were significantly improved in two groups (P<0. 05). In the study group 7d, 1, 3, and 9mo after operation, the visual acuity was better than the control group and preoperative (P<0. 05); fovea macular neurosensory layer thickness decreased significantly (P<0. 05). In the control group, the point omentum macular neurosensory retinal thickness was not statistically significant at 7d, 1, 3, and 9mo after operation compared with before treatment (P>0. 05). Fovea macular neurosensory retinal thickness in the study group was significantly lower than that in control group (P<0. 05). Intraocular pressure of 7 cases in the study group increased slightly, and were normal after treatment.
CONCLUSION: Triamcinolone acetonide combined macular grid photocoagulation treatment is accurate, can effectively improve the visual acuity, reduce macular edema, it is safe and reliable, and suitable for clinical application.

BACKGROUND: There is few studies addressing the long-playing dynamic observation of cysteinyl aspartate specific protease 3 (Caspase-3) expression following cerebral ischemia/reperfusion.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of transplantation of the neural stem cells (NSCs) modified with gene of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) on expression of Caspase-3 in adult Sprague Dawley rats with transient cerebral ischemia.DESING: Randomized controlled animal study.MATERIALS: Sixty Sprague Dawley rats were divided randomly into normal control group (N, n =5), ischemia/reperfusion group (IR, n=5), neural stem cell group (NSCs, n=25) and NSCs modified with gene of GDNF group (GDNF/NSCs, n =25). Several clean neonatal Sprague-Dawley rats were selected to harvest NSCs.METHODS: With the exception of normal control group, models of transient cerebral ischemia were created by modified suture method in other groups. At day 3 following reperfusion, 20 μL NSC suspension containing (4.0-5.0)×10~5 NSCs was infused into rats of the NSC group via right lateral ventricle. An equal volume of GDNF-modified NSC suspension was injected into rats of the GDNF/NSC group. 20 μL saline was infused into the rats of the ischemia/reperfusion group. Animals were anesthetized and sacrificed at week 1 following ischemia/reperfusion in the normal control and ischemia/reperfusion groups. Animals were anesthetized and sacrificed at weeks 1, 2, 3, 5, 7 following ischemia/reperfusion in the NSC and GDNF/NSC groups, 5 rats in each time point.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The strept avidin-biotin immunostaining method was used to observe the distributive characteristics of Caspase-3 in the hippocampus and frontal parietal cortex.RESULTS: Immunohistochemical method (SP) showed that positive capase-3 products expressed in nucleus, cytoplasm and partial neurite. In hippocampus, number of Caspase-3-positive cells was decreased in NSC and GDNF/NSC groups. With the exception of at 1-week reperfusion, number of Caspase-3-positive cells was significantly lessened in the GDNF/NSC group compared with the NSC group at other time points (P < 0.05). In frontoparietal cortex, number of Caspase-3-positive cells was reduced in the NSC and GDNF/NSC groups over time. Except 1 and 2 weeks following ischemia/reperfusion, number of Caspase-3-positive cells was significantly lessened in the GDNF/NSC group compared with the NSC group (P < 0.05).CONCLUSION: Transplanting NSCs modified with gene of GDNF can improve remarkably neural function by deceasing Caspase-3 expression and reducing the nervous cell apoptosis. The transplantation of NSCs modified with gene of GDNF obtained better outcomes compared with NSC transplantation.

Objective:To single amino acid mutation of the full human scFvs against TSLP to enhance its affinity.Methods: The specific scFvs against TSLP was screened in our previous study and here the three-dimensional structures of TSLP and anti-TSLP scFvs were simulated by Discovery Studio system,then the molecular docking was made.The amino acids of binding epitope were randomly mutated and the mutated amino acids were selected which could remarkably improve the affinity of scFvs.The primers were designed based on the sequence of mutation amino acids and the scFv sequences were mutated by the overlapping extension PCR.The DNA of mutated scFvs was ligated with the expression vector pLZ16 and transformed into E.coli DH5αF′.Then the scFvs were expressed and the scFvs with improved affinity were selected by ELISA and BIAcore.Results: The five scFvs with single amino acid mutation were screened out by DS system,which could elevate the affinity of scFvs.The mutated anti-TSLP-scFvs were amplified by PCR,which size was about 1 000 bp.The mutated scFvs with correct sequence were expressed,and the mutated scFvs with improved affinity were detected by ELISA and BIAcore.The affinity of selected mutated scFv (M4) has been about 10 times higher than the scFv nonmutation.Conclusion: The affinity of anti-TSLP-scFv has been improved successfully.

OBJECTIVE To understand the relationship between the detection rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Children′s Hospital wards from Jan 2008 to Sep 2008 and disinfection and isolation in the department and investigate the change in antimierobial resistance of P.aeruginosa to provide basis for reasonable use of antibiotics in clinical practice.METHODS The clinically isolated P.aeruginosa strains were collected,cultured and identified by paper diffusing method.The results were evaluated according to the relevant documents of NCCLS of USA.RESULTS The resistant rates of P.aeruginosa to Ampicillin,Ampicillin/Sulbactam,ceftriaxone,cefazolin and SMI were higher than 98%.Their resistant rate to Levofloxacin and IMP was the lowest(about 2% or so).CONCLUSIONS Effective disinfection and isolation of P.aeruginosa should be performed.Selection of antimicrobial drugs should be according to the results of drug susceptibility,reduce the rate of bacterial resistance.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; Extremities ; blood supply ; Kidney ; pathology ; Male ; Nitric Oxide ; physiology ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Reperfusion Injury ; pathology ; physiopathology

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Female ; Hordeolum ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult